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Operation Northern Arrows
Part of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
Type	Airstrikes
Location	Southern Lebanon, Beqaa Valley and Beirut, Lebanon
Target	Hezbollah
Date	23 September 2024 (2024-09-23) – ongoing 06:30 – (EEST)
Executed by	Israel Defense Forces
Outcome	Ongoing
Casualties	569+ killed 1,835+ injured

Since 23 September 2024, Israel has conducted around 1,500 attacks targeting Hezbollah positions in Lebanon, in an operation it codenamed Northern Arrows. The IDF reported that Israeli aircraft targeted 1,600 Hezbollah positions, destroying cruise missiles, as well as long- and short-range rockets and attack drones. According to Lebanon's Health Ministry, these Israeli strikes have killed at least 569 people—including 50 children, 94 women, and 4 medics—and injured at least 1,835. The strikes have also displaced tens of thousands of Lebanese civilians.

The strikes followed what has been described as some of Hezbollah's most severe setbacks, including the 17 and 18 September explosions of its handheld communication devices and the assassination of Ibrahim Aqil, commander of the elite Redwan Force. In response, the Iran-backed group launched dozens of drones and rockets into Israel, causing damage in Nazareth, Kiryat Shmona, and communities in the Jezreel Valley.

Israel warned that its strikes on Hezbollah would intensify, urging Lebanese civilians to flee areas where the group was storing weapons. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the Lebanese people, stating, "Israel's war is not with you; it's with Hezbollah," accusing the group of using civilians as human shields. He called on southern Lebanon's residents to evacuate until the operation concludes, promising they could return safely afterward.

Background

A day after Hamas launched its 7 October 2023 attacks on Israel, Hezbollah joined the conflict by firing on Shebaa Farms, Safed, Nahariya, and other occupied Israeli military positions. Since then, Hezbollah and Israel have been involved in cross-border military exchanges that have displaced entire communities in Israel and Lebanon, with significant damage to buildings and land along the border. Over 96,000 people in Israel and over 111,000 in Lebanon have been displaced. As of 24 August 2024, there were 564 confirmed deaths in Lebanon, including 133 civilians. Israel and Hezbollah have maintained their attacks at a level that causes harm without escalating into a full-scale war. Hezbollah has said it will not stop attacking Israel until Israel ceases its attacks in Gaza, where more than 40,000 Palestinians have been killed.

On 17 and 18 September 2024, thousands of handheld pagers and walkie-talkies exploded in a series of coordinated explosions. The explosions killed 42 people and injured at least 3,500, with members of Hezbollah and Lebanese civilians among those affected. Despite Israel denying involvement with the attack, various reporting claimed it was orchestrated by Israel's intelligence service (Mossad) and military. In response, Hezbollah, who described the act as a possible declaration of war by Israel, launched a rocket attack on northern Israel a few days later. Earlier on 17 September 2024, just a few hours before the explosions, the Security Cabinet of Israel established a new war objective: the safe return of displaced residents to the north. This goal was added to the two existing objectives: dismantling Hamas and securing the release of hostages taken during the 7 October attacks.

On 20 September 2024, tensions further rose after Ibrahim Aqil, head of Hezbollah's elite Redwan special operations unit and a U.S. wanted individual for his involvement in high-profile terrorist attacks in the 1980s, was killed in an Israeli strike in Beirut, along with other senior commanders from the unit. Prior to the airstrikes on 23 September, Israel advised citizens in Lebanon to evacuate.

Name

According to the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF), the operation was named Northern Arrows to highlight its focus on the northern front and its intelligence-driven precision. The arrow symbolizes the accurate intelligence gathered over the years and the targeted strikes carried out during the operation.

Strikes

Lebanon

The IDF said that it had attacked 1,300 Hezbollah military sites in southern Lebanon and the Beqaa Valley. One strike hit as far as Byblos, north of Beirut. The first wave of strikes began at 06:30 EET and hit hospitals and ambulances according to Firass Abiad, the Lebanese Health Minister. According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) 83 civilians are confirmed to have been killed by Israeli airstrikes, and 93,881 civilians have fled their homes. According to the OCHA Israeli strikes have damaged civilian infrastructure such as water, electricity, and telecommunications installations.

Six people were injured when three missiles struck the Beir al-Abed neighborhood of Beirut. Israeli officials said that the attack targeted Ali Karaki, whom Israel says is the commander of Hezbollah's Southern Front, but Hezbollah said that he survived the attack.

Israel reportedly launched five attacks in Qaliya, in the western Beqaa Valley, one of which hit a residential home, killing a father and his daughter. Ten people were also killed in Taraya, near Baalbeck. 16 strikes that targeted the town of Khodor killed 14 people and an entire family was killed Bodai.

Al-Qassam Brigades reported the death of their field commander Hussein al-Nader during the airstrikes in Lebanon.

Israeli airstrikes continued into the night between September 23 and 24, but were mostly focused on the Beqaa Valley.

On 24 September, Israel carried out a targeted airstrike on a Hezbollah stronghold in southern Beirut, killing Ibrahim Kubisi, head of Hezbollah's Missile Corps. The strike destroyed three floors of the building, resulting in the deaths of five others, including two UNHCR staff, and injuring fifteen. Bombardments struck Nabi Sheet, Boudai, and a region between Shaath and Hermel in the Beqaa Valley. Additionally, a strike targeted warehouses in Douris. In Shaath alone, 12 individuals lost their lives, including ten members of the Hajj Hassan family.

Israel

On 23 September, Hezbollah fired a total of 150 rockets into Israel, the West Bank, and Golan Heights, injuring five people. It first fired 35 rockets into northern Israel targeting IDF bases and warehouses, lightly injuring a man in the Lower Galilee. It later fired around 80 rockets, targeting several locations including Ariel and Karnei Shomron in the occupied West Bank. The missile and artillery battalion's headquarters in the Yoav barracks was hit with dozens of rockets as well as warehouses at the Nimra military base. Two Palestinian civilians were wounded in a Hezbollah rocket attack on Deir Istiya. The headquarters of the 146th "Ha-Mapatz" Division was also reported to be struck by a Hezbollah attack.

On 24 September, Hezbollah continued its rocket attacks on Israel, forcing one million Israelis into shelters. Throughout the day, the group fired approximately 300 rockets at northern Israel, targeting the Upper Galilee and south of Haifa and injuring six people. Heavy damage was inflicted on buildings and a cemetery in Kiryat Shmona, while a reservist was injured by shrapnel in the Mount Carmel area. The IDF reported that around ten projectiles were launched from Lebanon toward the HaAmakim region.

Casualties

At least 558 people—including 50 children, 94 women, and 4 medics—were killed and 1,835 were injured, according to the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health. The ministry has not stated how many of the casualties were militants. The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR, has expressed outrage over the killing of two of its staff. The Lebanese University (LU) announced that an LU student and her sister were killed in an attack. The strikes were the deadliest attack in Lebanon since the end of the 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War.

Senior Hezbollah commanders Ali Aburia and Mohammad Saleh were killed in the airstrikes. Mahmoud al Nader, a field commander of Hamas's al-Qassam Brigades, was also killed in southern Lebanon. The head of Hezbollah's rocket unit, Ibrahim Qubaisi, was also reportedly killed in Beirut. Hussein Nader, a leader in the Civil Defense affiliated with the Amal Movement, the al-Rissala Scouts, was killed in an Israeli airstrike that targeted his house in Marjeyoun. A journalist working for the pan-Arab network Al Mayadeen died from wounds he sustained in the attacks at his house in the town of Burj Rahhal.

Reactions

Local

Following the strikes, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu postponed a flight to New York where he was due to attend the seventy-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). He later said that his country was "chang the security balance, the balance of power in the north". An Israeli official later accounted to CNN that there was "great satisfaction" from among the political spectrum for the IDF's performance. Opposition leader Yair Lapid also expressed his support for the operation. The Israeli government declared a nationwide state of emergency to last until 30 September.

Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati, speaking during a cabinet meeting, called the airstrikes as a "war of extermination" and accused Israel of "a destructive plan" that aims to destroy Lebanese villages and towns. A Lebanese representative at the UNGA, standing in for Mikati, described the strikes as having "threatened social order". All non-essential judicial work in Lebanon was suspended on 24 September.

International

•  Australia: Foreign minister Penny Wong reiterated the government's warning to Australian citizens in Lebanon to leave the country, saying there would not be enough capacity in the event of an evacuation.
•  Canada: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau described the deaths of Lebanese women and children in the strikes as "extraordinarily concerning" during a speech at the UNGA. He reiterated his call for a "de-escalation, both by Israel and Hezbollah." Foreign minister Mélanie Joly reiterated her warning to Canadians in Lebanon to leave immediately.
•  China: Foreign minister Wang Yi said his country stood on the "side of justice and on the side of Arab brothers, including Lebanon".
•  Egypt: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs called on "international powers and the United Nations Security Council to intervene immediately" to stop "the dangerous Israeli escalation in Lebanon".
•  France: Foreign minister Jean-Noël Barrot called for an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council and urged the end of such strikes.
•  Greece: Foreign minister Giorgos Gerapetritis described the escalation of the conflict as showing a "collective international failure".
•  Iran: President Masoud Pezeshkian accused Israel of "dragging" Iran into a wider conflict, adding that "there is no winner in warfare."
•  Iraq: Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani announced that the country would provide humanitarian aid to Lebanon. Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, Iraq's highest Shia cleric, said in a statement that "every possible effort" should be made to stop "the ongoing barbaric aggression" of Israel in Lebanon. Sistani also called on "believers to do what contributes to alleviating their suffering and securing their humanitarian needs." Sudani endorsed Sistani's statement, announcing his cabinet's plan to establish air and land bridges to deliver aid to Lebanon and open Iraqi hospitals "to receive the injured and wounded". Sudani also called on leaders of Arab delegations at the UNGA to hold an urgent meeting.
•  Jordan: King Abdullah II expressed his country's "absolute support for Lebanon, its security, its sovereignty and the safety of its citizens" during a phone call with Mikati. Foreign minister Ayman Safadi called on the United Nations Security Council to intervene to "curb Israeli aggression and protect the region from its disastrous consequences."
•  Qatar: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement condemning the attacks "in the strongest terms".
•  Russia: Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said Russia was "extremely concerned" over the strikes and warned of the "widening area of conflict and a complete destabilization of the region."
•  Saudi Arabia: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed "great concern" and called on "all parties to exercise the utmost restraint".
•  Syria: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned what it said was an "Israeli brutal aggression on the Lebanese brotherly people under the protection of USA", according to the country's state news agency.
•  Turkey: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan condemned the strikes during a speech at the UNGA. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs described the attacks as "a new phase in efforts to drag the entire region into chaos", and accused Israeli allies of supporting Netanyahu "for his political interests".
•  United Arab Emirates: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed "deep concern" and reaffirmed the Emirati stance against "violence, escalation, uncalculated actions and reactions that disregard laws governing state relations and sovereignty".
•  United Kingdom: Prime Minister Keir Starmer said his ministry was "ramping up the contingency plans" for British nationals to leave Lebanon. Foreign Secretary David Lammy wrote that he was "deeply alarmed" on social media, and warned that "further escalation risks even more devastating consequences". He reiterated his call for "an immediate ceasefire on both sides".
•  United States: President Joe Biden said his administration was "working to de-escalate in a way that allows people to return home safely", during a meeting with UAE President Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan. A Department of State official said the US did not see Israel's reported strategy of "escalate to de-escalate" as being effective during the conflict.

A separate statement issued by the G7 said that "actions and counter-reactions risk magnifying this dangerous spiral of violence" leading to "a broader regional conflict with unimaginable consequences". The European Union's foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell, expressed concern over the situation, describing Israel and Hezbollah as "almost in a full-fledged war".

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said he was "gravely alarmed by the escalating situation along the Blue Line", referring to the demarcated section of the Israel–Lebanon border. A spokesperson for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said it was "extremely concerned" about the risk of escalation in the conflict.

Several airlines announced a suspension of their flights to Lebanon.

See also

• Collective punishment in the occupied West Bank
• Spillover of the Israel–Hamas war
• War crimes in the 2006 Lebanon War
• 1982 Lebanon War

Notes

1. Also referred to as Arrows of the North, Template:Lang-he 

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• Current events from September 2024
• 2024 airstrikes
• 2024 building bombings
• 2020s in Beirut
• 21st-century mass murder in Lebanon
• September 2024 events in Israel
• September 2024 events in Lebanon
• Airstrikes in Lebanon
• Airstrikes conducted by Israel
• Building bombings in Lebanon
• Cross-border operations of Israel into Lebanon
• Israeli war crimes in Lebanon
• Military history of Beirut
• Spillover of the Israel–Hamas war
• Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
• Violations of medical neutrality during the Arab–Israeli conflict