List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively ← Previous edit Next edit →Content deleted Content addedVisual WikitextInline

Revision as of 18:35, 13 August 2015 editKahastok (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users13,818 edits Undid revision 675942115 by 155.136.80.172 (talk) does not belong← Previous edit		Revision as of 18:43, 13 August 2015 edit undo155.136.80.172 (talk) Undid revision 675946590 by Kahastok (talk) Leave this along, this very much belongsNext edit →
Line 641:		Line 641:
	\| 2,019<ref name="Population"/>		\| 2,019<ref name="Population"/>
	\| {{convert\|62045\|km2\|sqmi\|0\|abbr=on}}<ref name="Area"/>		\| {{convert\|62045\|km2\|sqmi\|0\|abbr=on}}<ref name="Area"/>
			\|- style="background:lightcyan;" <!-- 04 --->
			\| ]
			\| ]
			\| ]
			\| Part of the United Kingdom, devolved government
			\| Alba
			\| ]
			\| 5,327,700
			\| {{convert\|78,387\|km2\|sqmi\|0\|abbr=on}}
	\|}		\|}

Revision as of 18:43, 13 August 2015

The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the various common definitions of Europe, geographical or political. Fifty six sovereign states, six of which have limited recognition, are listed with territory in Europe and/or membership in international European organisations. There are eight areas that are not integral parts of a European state or have special political status.

Definition of Europe as a continent

Main articles: Europe and Boundaries between continents

Under the commonly used geographic definition, the border between Asia and Europe stretches along the Ural Mountains, Ural River, and Caspian Sea in the east, the Greater Caucasus range and the Black Sea, with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles, in the south. Based on that division, transcontinental states Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey have territory both in Europe and Asia.

The island of Cyprus in West Asia is approximate to Anatolia (or Asia Minor) and is on the Anatolian Plate but is often considered part of Europe as a current member of the European Union (EU). Armenia is entirely in West Asia also but is a member of certain European organisations. Sometimes Israel considered as part geopolitical Europe also.

Although the Mediterranean Sea provides a clearer divide between Africa and Europe, some traditionally European islands such as Malta , Sicily, Pantelleria and the Pelagian Islands are located on the African continental plate. The island of Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, straddling the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate.

Some territories geographically outside Europe have strong connections with European states. Greenland has socio-political connections with Europe and is part of the Kingdom of Denmark, but is grouped with the continent of North America.

Other territories are part of European countries but are geographically located in other continents, such as the French overseas departments, the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the coast of Africa, and the Dutch Caribbean territories of Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.

Sovereign states

A sovereign state is a political association with effective sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in the national interest. According to the Montevideo convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.

Recognized states

There are 50 internationally recognized sovereign states with territory located within the common definition of Europe and/or membership in international European organisations, of which 44 have their capital city within Europe. All except the Vatican City are members of the United Nations (UN), and all except Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City are members of the Council of Europe. Since 2013, 28 of these countries are also member states of the EU, which means they are highly integrated with each other and share their sovereignty with EU institutions.

Each entry in the list below has a map of its location in Europe. Territory in Europe is shown in dark-green; territory not geographically in Europe is shown in a lighter shade of green. The lightest shade of green represents states in the EU and is shown on the maps of all territories within the EU.

*	= Member of the EU

English short and formal names	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area
Albania Republic of Albania	Template:Lang-sq	Tirana Template:Lang-sq	3,020,209	28,748 km (11,100 sq mi)
Andorra Principality of Andorra	Template:Lang-ca	Andorra la Vella Template:Lang-ca	85,458	468 km (181 sq mi)
Armenia Republic of Armenia	Template:Lang-hy (Hayastan — Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun)	Yerevan Template:Lang-hy (Yerevan)	3,060,631	29,743 km (11,484 sq mi)
Austria* Republic of Austria	Template:Lang-de	Vienna Template:Lang-de	8,223,062	83,871 km (32,383 sq mi)
Azerbaijan Republic of Azerbaijan	Template:Lang-az	Baku Template:Lang-az	9,686,210	86,600 km (33,436 sq mi)
Belarus Republic of Belarus	Template:Lang-be Template:Lang-ru (Bielarus' — Respublika Belaruś)	Minsk Template:Lang-be (Minsk)	9,608,058	207,600 km (80,155 sq mi)
Belgium* Kingdom of Belgium	Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-nl	Brussels Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-nl	11,239,755	30,528 km (11,787 sq mi)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Latin: Bosna i Hercegovina Bosnian, Serbian Cyrillic: Босна и Херцеговина	Sarajevo Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Latin: Sarajevo Bosnian, Serbian Cyrillic: Сарајево	3,871,643	51,197 km (19,767 sq mi)
Bulgaria* Republic of Bulgaria	Template:Lang-bg (Bǎlgarija — Republika Bǎlgarija)	Sofia Template:Lang-bg (Sofia)	6,924,716	110,879 km (42,811 sq mi)
Croatia* Republic of Croatia	Template:Lang-hr	Zagreb Template:Lang-hr	4,470,534	56,594 km (21,851 sq mi)
Cyprus* Republic of Cyprus	Template:Lang-el (Kýpros — Kypriakí Dimokratí) Template:Lang-tr	Nicosia Template:Lang-el (Lefkosia) Template:Lang-tr	1,172,458	9,251 km (3,572 sq mi)
Czech Republic*	Template:Lang-cs	Prague Template:Lang-cs	10,538,275	78,867 km (30,451 sq mi)
Denmark* Kingdom of Denmark	Template:Lang-da	Copenhagen Template:Lang-da	5,569,077	43,094 km (16,639 sq mi)
Estonia* Republic of Estonia	Template:Lang-et	Tallinn Template:Lang-et	1,257,921	45,228 km (17,463 sq mi)
Finland* Republic of Finland	Template:Lang-fi Template:Lang-sv	Helsinki Template:Lang-fi Template:Lang-sv	5,268,799	338,145 km (130,559 sq mi)
France* French Republic	Template:Lang-fr	Paris Template:Lang-fr	66,259,012	643,427 km (248,429 sq mi)
Georgia	Georgian: საქართველო (Sak'art'velo)	Tbilisi / T'bilisi Georgian: თბილისი (T'bilisi)	4,935,880	69,700 km (26,911 sq mi)
Germany* Federal Republic of Germany	Template:Lang-de	Berlin Template:Lang-de	80,996,685	357,022 km (137,847 sq mi)
Greece* Hellenic Republic	Template:Lang-el (Ellás — Elliniki Dimokratia)	Athens Template:Lang-el (Athína)	10,816,286	131,957 km (50,949 sq mi)
Hungary*	Template:Lang-hu	Budapest Template:Lang-hu	9,919,128	93,028 km (35,918 sq mi)
Iceland Republic of Iceland	Template:Lang-is	Reykjavík Template:Lang-is	317,351	103,000 km (39,769 sq mi)
Ireland*	Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-ga	Dublin Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-ga	4,832,765	70,273 km (27,133 sq mi)
Italy* Italian Republic	Template:Lang-it	Rome Template:Lang-it	61,680,122	301,340 km (116,348 sq mi)
Kazakhstan Republic of Kazakhstan	Template:Lang-kk (Qazaqstan — Qazaqstan Respūblīkasy) Template:Lang-ru (Kazahstan — Respublika Kazahstan)	Astana Template:Lang-kk Template:Lang-ru (Astana)	17,948,816	2,724,900 km (1,052,090 sq mi)
Latvia* Republic of Latvia	Template:Lang-lv	Riga Template:Lang-lv	2,165,165	64,589 km (24,938 sq mi)
Liechtenstein Principality of Liechtenstein	Template:Lang-de	Vaduz Template:Lang-de	37,313	160 km (62 sq mi)
Lithuania* Republic of Lithuania	Template:Lang-lt	Vilnius Template:Lang-lt	2,943,472	65,300 km (25,212 sq mi)
Luxembourg* Grand Duchy of Luxembourg	Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-lb	Luxembourg Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-lb	520,672	2,586 km (998 sq mi)
Republic of Macedonia Republic of Macedonia	Template:Lang-mk (Makedonija — Republika Makedonija)	Skopje Template:Lang-mk (Skopje)	2,091,719	25,713 km (9,928 sq mi)
Malta* Republic of Malta	Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-mt	Valletta Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-mt	412,655	316 km (122 sq mi)
Moldova Republic of Moldova	Template:Lang-ro	Chișinău Template:Lang-ro	3,583,288	33,851 km (13,070 sq mi)
Monaco Principality of Monaco	Template:Lang-fr	Monaco Template:Lang-fr	30,508	2 km (0.8 sq mi)
Montenegro	Montenegrin: Црна Гора (Crna Gora)	Podgorica Montenegrin: Подгорица (Podgorica)	650,036	13,812 km (5,333 sq mi)
Netherlands* Kingdom of the Netherlands	Template:Lang-nl	Amsterdam (capital) The Hague (seat of government) Template:Lang-nl Template:Lang-nl	16,877,351	41,543 km (16,040 sq mi)
Norway Kingdom of Norway	Template:Lang-nb Template:Lang-nn	Oslo Template:Lang-nb	5,147,792	323,802 km (125,021 sq mi)
Poland* Republic of Poland	Template:Lang-pl	Warsaw Template:Lang-pl	38,346,279	312,685 km (120,728 sq mi)
Portugal* Portuguese Republic	Template:Lang-pt	Lisbon Template:Lang-pt	10,427,301	92,090 km (35,556 sq mi)
Romania*	Template:Lang-ro	Bucharest Template:Lang-ro	21,729,871	238,391 km (92,043 sq mi)
Russia Russian Federation	Template:Lang-ru (Rossija — Rossijskaja Federacija)	Moscow Template:Lang-ru (Moskva)	146,267,288	17,098,242 km (6,601,668 sq mi)
San Marino Republic of San Marino	Template:Lang-it	San Marino Template:Lang-it	32,742	61 km (24 sq mi)
Serbia Republic of Serbia	Template:Lang-sr	Belgrade Template:Lang-sr	7,209,764	88,361 km (34,116 sq mi)
Slovakia* Slovak Republic	Template:Lang-sk	Bratislava Template:Lang-sk	5,443,583	49,035 km (18,933 sq mi)
Slovenia* Republic of Slovenia	Template:Lang-sl	Ljubljana Template:Lang-sl	1,988,292	20,273 km (7,827 sq mi)
Spain* Kingdom of Spain	Template:Lang-es Template:Lang-ca Template:Lang-eu	Madrid Template:Lang-es	47,737,941	505,370 km (195,124 sq mi)
Sweden* Kingdom of Sweden	Template:Lang-sv	Stockholm Template:Lang-sv	9,723,809	450,295 km (173,860 sq mi)
Switzerland Swiss Confederation	Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-it Template:Lang-rm	Bern / Berne Template:Lang-de Template:Lang-fr Template:Lang-it	8,061,516	41,277 km (15,937 sq mi)
Turkey Republic of Turkey	Template:Lang-tr	Ankara Template:Lang-tr	76,667,864	783,562 km (302,535 sq mi)
Ukraine	Template:Lang-uk (Ukraina)	Kiev Template:Lang-uk (Kyiv)	44,291,413	603,550 km (233,032 sq mi)
United Kingdom* United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	Template:Lang-en	London Template:Lang-en	63,742,977	243,610 km (94,058 sq mi)
Vatican City Vatican City State Holy See	Template:Lang-it Template:Lang-la	Vatican City Template:Lang-it	842	0.44 km (0.17 sq mi)

States with limited recognition

The following six entities in Europe have partial diplomatic recognition by one or more UN member states (and therefore are defined as states by the constitutive theory of statehood) or have no diplomatic recognition by any UN member state but are defined as states by the declarative theory of statehood and are recognised by one or more Non-UN member states. None are members of the UN, Council of Europe or EU.

English short and formal names	Status	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area
Abkhazia Republic of Abkhazia	Claimed as an autonomous republic of Georgia. Recognised by four UN states.	Template:Lang-ab (Apsny) Template:Lang-ru (Abhazia)	Sukhumi Template:Lang-ab (Akwa) Template:Lang-ru	250,000	8,660 km (3,344 sq mi)
Kosovo Republic of Kosovo	Recognised by 114 UN member states; Serbia does not recognise the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence, and along with the rest of UN members, considers it as an autonomous province.	Template:Lang-sq Template:Lang-sr	Pristina Template:Lang-sq Template:Lang-sr	1,836,529	10,887 km (4,203 sq mi)
Nagorno-Karabakh Nagorno-Karabakh Republic	Claimed as part of Azerbaijan. De facto independent state, recognised by 3 non-UN states.	Template:Lang-hy (Lernayin Gharabaghi — Lernayin Gharabaghi Hanrapetut’yun)	Stepanakert Template:Lang-hy (Khankendi)	141,400	7,000 km (2,703 sq mi)
Northern Cyprus Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	Claimed as part of the Republic of Cyprus. Recognised by Turkey.	Template:Lang-tr	Nicosia Template:Lang-tr	294,906	3,355 km (1,295 sq mi)
Transnistria / Trans-Dniester Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic	Claimed as a territorial unit of Moldova. De facto independent state, recognised by 3 non-UN states.	Template:Lang-mo (Transnistria — Republica Moldovenească Nistreană) Template:Lang-ru (Pridnestrov'ye — Pridnestrovskaya Moldavskaya Respublika) Template:Lang-uk (Prydnistrov'ya — Pridnistrovs'ka Moldavs'ka Respublika)	Tiraspol Template:Lang-mo Template:Lang-ru Template:Lang-uk	530,000	3,500 km (1,351 sq mi)
South Ossetia Republic of South Ossetia	Claimed as part of Georgia. Recognised by four UN states.	Template:Lang-os (Khussar Iryston — Respublikæ Khussar Iryston) Template:Lang-ru (Yuzhnaya Osetiya — Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya)	Tskhinvali Template:Lang-os (Chreba)	70,000	3,900 km (1,506 sq mi)

Dependent territories

The following six European entities are dependent territories.

*	= Part of the EU, although there may be special arrangements

English short and formal names	Legal status	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area
Akrotiri and Dhekelia Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia	British overseas territory	Template:Lang-en	Episkopi Cantonment Template:Lang-en	15,700	254 km (98 sq mi)
Faroe Islands / Faeroe Islands	Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark	Template:Lang-fo Template:Lang-da	Tórshavn Template:Lang-fo Template:Lang-da	49,947	1,393 km (538 sq mi)
Gibraltar*	British overseas territory	Template:Lang-en	Gibraltar Template:Lang-en	29,185	6.5 km (2.5 sq mi)
Guernsey Bailiwick of Guernsey	Crown Dependency of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom	Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-fr Guernésiais: Guernesey — Bailliage de Guernesey	Saint Peter Port Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-fr Guernésiais: Saint Pierre Port	65,849	78 km (30 sq mi)
Isle of Man	Crown Dependency of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom	Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-gv	Douglas Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-gv	86,866	572 km (221 sq mi)
Jersey Bailiwick of Jersey	Crown Dependency of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom	Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-fr Jèrriais: Jèrri — Bailliage de Jèrri	Saint Helier Template:Lang-en Template:Lang-fr Jèrriais: Saint Hélyi	96,513	118 km (46 sq mi)

Special areas of internal sovereignty

The following places are considered integral parts of their controlling state, but have a political arrangement which was decided through an international agreement.

*	= Part of the EU, although there may be special arrangements

English short and formal names	Legal status	Domestic short and formal names	Capital	Population	Area
Åland* Åland Islands	Self-governing area of Finland, significant autonomy as the result of the Åland crisis	Template:Lang-sv	Mariehamn Template:Lang-sv	27,500	6,787 km (2,620 sq mi)
Northern Ireland	Part of the United Kingdom, devolved government determined by the Good Friday Agreement	Northern Ireland*	Belfast	1,810,863	14,130 km (5,456 sq mi)
Svalbard	Special territory of Norway, determined by the Svalbard Treaty	Template:Lang-nb	Longyearbyen Template:Lang-nb	2,019	62,045 km (23,956 sq mi)
Scotland	Part of the United Kingdom, devolved government	Alba	Edinburgh	5,327,700	78,387 km (30,265 sq mi)

Notes

^ Area and population numbers include integral areas located outside of Europe. The area and population of states with separatist regions includes that of the separatist regions.
^ Part of Transcaucasian Region, at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. Physiographically, Armenia falls entirely in Western Asia, while Georgia and Azerbaijan are mostly in Asia with small portions north of the Caucasus Mountains divide in Europe.
^ The island of Cyprus is located on the Cyprian arc on the edge of the Asian Anatolian Plate and is physiographically associated with Asia, but it is part of European organisations such as the EU.
The terms Republic of Ireland and Poblacht na hÉireann are not official long names and are used only as a legal description meant to differentiate the state from the island.
^ Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey have territory in both Europe (dark green) and Asia (light green).
^ Denmark and the Netherlands are constituent countries of the Kingdom of Denmark and the Kingdom of the Netherlands respectively. Both are members of the EU; however, the other constituent countries of their kingdoms are not. In international organisations, the terms Denmark and Netherlands are often used as short forms of their respective kingdoms as a whole.
The Netherlands is also known as "Holland", but this is the improper name of the whole country as it refers only to a small region inside the country. See Netherlands (terminology).
^ The United Kingdom consists of the countries of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The UK is responsible for the foreign relations and ultimate good governance of the Crown dependencies of Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey, which are otherwise separate. The mainlands of England, Scotland and Wales make up the island of Great Britain (or simply Britain), which is sometimes used synonymously with the United Kingdom.
^ EU candidate country.

References

Charles T. Evans (1 July 2009). "Ural Mountains". Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"The Ural River". Geography.howstuffworks.com. 30 March 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
Charles T. Evans (1 July 2009). "Caucasus Mountains". Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
Charles T. Evans (1 July 2009). "Black Sea". Novaonline.nvcc.edu. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
^ Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopaedia 2007. Europe. Archived from the original on 31 October 2009. Retrieved 27 December 2007. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Shimon Wdowinski; Zvi Ben-Avraham; Ronald Arvidsson; Goran Ekström (2006). "Seismotectonics of the Cyprian Arc" (PDF). Geophysics Journal International. 164 (164): 176–181. Bibcode:2006GeoJI.164..176W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02737.x. Retrieved 5 March 2011.
"Council of Europe in Brief". Coe.int. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Geological Development of the Sicilian-Tunisian Platform held in Italy (University of Urbino) on November 4, 5, 6, 1992". Oai.dtic.mil. 6 November 1992. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Understanding plate motions [This Dynamic Earth, USGS]". Pubs.usgs.gov. 9 June 1994. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
"CIA - The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
Richard Connor (11 January 2010). "French overseas territories vote to remain close to Paris". Dw-world.de. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Regions and territories: Ceuta, Melilla". BBC News. 6 October 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
^ "Netherlands". Cia.gov. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Untying the Sovereign State: A Double Reading of the Anarchy Problematique". Mil.sagepub.com. 1 June 1988. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
"Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States - Council on Foreign Relations". Cfr.org. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
"United Nations Member States". United Nations. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
"47 countries, 1 Europe". Council of Europe. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Member States". Europa. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
^ "Field Listing :: Names". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
^ "UNGEGN List of Country Names" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
^ "List of countries, territories and currencies". Europa. 9 August 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
^ "Field Listing :: Capital". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"UNGEGN World Geographical Names". United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. 13 September 2010. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
^ "Country Comparison :: Population". Central Intelligence Agency. July 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
^ "Field Listing :: Area". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
"Republic of Ireland Act, 1948". No. 22/1948. 1948. Retrieved 16 December 2008.
"Holy See (Vatican City)". Cia.gov. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
^ "Tuvalu Retracts Recognition Of Abkhazia, South Ossetia". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 31 March 2014.
"Regions and territories: Abkhazia". BBC News. 8 February 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Abkhazia (autonomous republic, Georgia)". Britannica.com. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
"Countries that have recognized the Republic of Kosova". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo.
^ Ker-Lindsay, James (2012). The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States. Oxford University Press. p. 53. ...there are three other territories that have unilaterally declared independence and are generally regarded as having met the Montevideo criteria for statehood but have not been recognized by any states: Transnistria, Nagorny Karabakh, and Somaliland..
"Country Overview". nkrusa.org. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
"Official website of the President of the Nagorno Karabagh Republic". President.nkr.am. 1 January 2010. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Nagorno-Karabakh (region, Azerbaijan)". Britannica.com. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
"Cyprus". Encyclopædia Britannica.
"Turkish Cyprus announces population as 294,906". World Bulletin. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
"Trans-Dniester profile". BBC News. 20 January 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"Transdniestria (separatist enclave, Moldova)". Britannica.com. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
"Regions and territories: South Ossetia". BBC News. 8 February 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
"South Ossetia". Hartford-hwp.com. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
"CIA - The World Factbook - Field Listing :: Dependency status". Cia.gov. 9 February 1920. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
Mark Oliver, Sally Bolton, Jon Dennis and Matthew Tempest (4 August 2004). "Gibraltar; Politics". Guardian. Retrieved 17 February 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
European Commission for Democracy through Law (1996). Local self-government, territorial integrity, and protection of minorities: proceedings of the UniDem Seminar organised in Lausanne on 25–27 April 1996, in co-operation with the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law. Strasbourg: Council of Europe. pp. 32–35. ISBN 92-871-3173-2.
"Independence". Visitaland.com. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
^ "Åland Official Tourist Gateway - Facts". Visitaland.com. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
^ "The Countries of the UK". Office for National Statistics. Office for National Statistics (United Kingdom). Retrieved 7 July 2015.
"Good Friday Agreement". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
Northern Ireland Statistics & Research Agency (December 2012). "Census 2011 Key Statistics for Northern Ireland" (PDF). Retrieved 14 January 2013.
"The Svalbard Treaty". Governor of Svalbard. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 3 March 2011.

Countries and dependencies of Europe

Sovereign states

States with limited
recognition

Dependent
territories

Denmark

Faroe Islands
- autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark

United Kingdom

Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Sovereign Base Areas) Gibraltar (British Overseas Territory)
Crown Dependencies	Bailiwick of Guernsey Alderney Guernsey Sark Bailiwick of Jersey Isle of Man

Special areas
of internal
sovereignty

Finland	Åland (autonomous region subject to the Åland convention of 1921)
Norway	Svalbard (unincorporated area subject to the Svalbard Treaty)
United Kingdom	England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland (country of the United Kingdom subject to the British-Irish Agreement)

Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent.
Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.
Oceanic islands within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.
Governed by the Holy See which has sovereignty over Vatican City.

Category
Europe portal

v t e List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent
Continents	Africa Antarctica Asia Europe North America Oceania South America
Landmasses	Americas Eurasia
Islands	Island countries
Transcontinental	Transcontinental countries

Europe articles

History

Chronology	Bibliography of European history Prehistory Classical antiquity Late antiquity Middle Ages Early modernity World War I World War II Pax Europaea Crisis situations and unrest since 2000 COVID-19 pandemic and Delta cron hybrid variant (2020–22) Russian invasion of Ukraine
By topic	Military Sovereignty predecessor states

Geography

Politics

Eurosphere International organisations Integration Law Post-Soviet Europe Transatlantic relations
Intergovernmental	Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Council of Europe (CoE) Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) European Political Community (EPC) GUAM Organization Open Balkan North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) statistics Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
European Union	Economy relations free trade agreements Education European Economic Area (EEA) European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) Eastern Partnership Euronest Parliamentary Assembly European Union Customs Union (EUCU) Eurozone Foreign relations Members enlargement Politics Schengen Area Visa policy Statistics

Economy

History Financial (and social) rankings Free trade areas Energy Telecommunications Transport
Intergovernmental	Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) Eurasian Customs Union (EACU) Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC) European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
Sovereign states by	Average wage Budget revenues per capita GDP (nominal) per capita GDP (PPP) per capita GNI (nominal) per capita GNI (PPP) per capita HDI Internet users (%) Minimum wage Press Freedom Index Unemployment rate (%) Health expense per capita Military spending (%) Urban population (%) Electricity use per capita

Society

Ages of consent Etiquette Social (and financial) rankings Languages endangered Tattooing Universities Bologna Process Erasmus
Culture	Art painting sculpture Architecture Capital of Culture Cinema film festivals Classical music Cuisine Dance Literature Philosophy Religion Christianity Islam Judaism Sport Symbols (Armorial, Flags)
Demographics	Ageing Childhood population (%) Ethnic groups genetic history Immigration Life expectancy by region Retirement

Categories:

Misplaced Pages