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| In 1596, it was named as a village, ''Marun ar-Ras,'' in the ] '']'' (subdistrict) of ] under the '']'' (district) of ], with a population of 97 Muslim households. The villagers paid a fixed tax of 25% on agricultural products, such as ], ], olive trees, vineyards, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues" and an olive oil press; a total of 8,960 ].<ref name="Hutteroth">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 181</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref> | In 1596, it was named as a village, ''Marun ar-Ras,'' in the ] '']'' (subdistrict) of ] under the '']'' (district) of ], with a population of 97 Muslim households. The villagers paid a fixed tax of 25% on agricultural products, such as ], ], olive trees, vineyards, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues" and an olive oil press; a total of 8,960 ].<ref name="Hutteroth">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 181</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref> | ||
| In 1838 ] noted it as a village located on a higher hill than ].<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. </ref> |
In 1838 ] noted it as a village located on a higher hill than ].<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. </ref> | ||
| "At this village there area considerable number of well-cut stones and remains, which indicate that there was once a church here similar to that at ]; these stones have been mostly found to the west of the village, in vineyards. A ] of a | In 1881, the ]'s ''Survey of Western Palestine'' (SWP) described it: "A stone village, with some large stones built into walls, containing about 150 Moslems, situated on the top of high hills, with vineyards and arable land; water is obtained from 'Ain Hara, and ]s in the village."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> They further noted: "At this village there area considerable number of well-cut stones and remains, which indicate that there was once a church here similar to that at ]; these stones have been mostly found to the west of the village, in vineyards. A ] of a | ||
| column, with mediaeval ornamentation, and a small piece of sculptured stone, with leaves and figures as | ], with mediaeval ornamentation, and a small piece of sculptured stone, with leaves and figures as | ||
| at Yarun, are in the village. There is also an ] with a Greek inscription, in three pieces."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> | at Yarun, are in the village. There is also an ] with a Greek inscription, in three pieces."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> | ||
| ===Lebanese Civil War=== | ===Lebanese Civil War=== | ||
Revision as of 20:55, 8 September 2016
Village in Nabatieh Governorate| Maroun al-Rass مارون الراس | |
|---|---|
| Village | |
 The village of Maroun al-Ras, as seen from the Israeli side of the border, near Avivim | |
| Grid position | 191/278 PAL |
| Country |  Lebanon |
| Governorate | Nabatieh Governorate |
| District | Bint Jbeil District |
| Elevation | 911 m (2,989 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Dialing code | +961(7) |
Maroun al-Ras (Template:Lang-ar) is a Lebanese village nestled in Jabal Amel (Mount Amel) in the district of Bint Jbeil in the Nabatiye Governorate in southern Lebanon. It is located around 120 km (75 mi) south east of Beirut, roughly one km (0.62 mi) from the Israeli border.
History
In 1596, it was named as a village, Marun ar-Ras, in the Ottoman nahiya (subdistrict) of Tibnin under the liwa' (district) of Safad, with a population of 97 Muslim households. The villagers paid a fixed tax of 25% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues" and an olive oil press; a total of 8,960 akçe.
In 1838 Edward Robinson noted it as a village located on a higher hill than Yarun.
In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: "A stone village, with some large stones built into walls, containing about 150 Moslems, situated on the top of high hills, with vineyards and arable land; water is obtained from 'Ain Hara, and cisterns in the village." They further noted: "At this village there area considerable number of well-cut stones and remains, which indicate that there was once a church here similar to that at Yarun; these stones have been mostly found to the west of the village, in vineyards. A capital of a column, with mediaeval ornamentation, and a small piece of sculptured stone, with leaves and figures as at Yarun, are in the village. There is also an architrave with a Greek inscription, in three pieces."
Lebanese Civil War
On March 1, 1978 the village was occupied by a force of 60 Phalangists, drawn from the villages around Ain Ebl, at the behest of the Israeli military and led to believe by Israeli advisors that they would be welcomed with open arms by the inhabitants. The Phalangists had received vague promises of air support from Israel should they be met with resistance, which they never received. Seven Phalangists were killed when Fatah militants and their allied of the Lebanese National Movement arrived, and the rest of the phalangists had to flee. Israeli troops remained in Ain Ebl until Israel's invasion of Lebanon two weeks later.
2006 Lebanon War
Main article: Battle of Maroun al-RasThe village was the scene of a major confrontation between the Israeli Army and Hezbollah fighters during the 2006 Lebanon War.
Maroun al-Ras is strategically important as it overlooks the surrounding towns. The village's elevation is 911 meters (2,989 feet).
During the Battle of Maroun al-Ras of the 2006 Lebanon War, the village was occupied by Israel, which claimed it was a stronghold for Hezbollah and one of the launching points for rocket attacks on northern Israel.
There are reports that control of the village was contested at the time of the ceasefire. After-battle reports claimed the IDF troops never fully secured the border area and that Maroun al-Ras was never fully taken.
References
- Meaning "Mârân of the head (a headland)" or from a personal name, according to Palmer, 1881, p. 88
- Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 181
- Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
- Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. 371
- Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 202
- Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 251
- Tveit, Odd Karsten (1985). Nederlag. Israels krig i Libanon (in Norwegian). Cappelen. pp. 50–52. ISBN 82-02-09346-5.
- Israel Enters Southern Lebanon - Hits Maroun al-Ras and Yaroun Villages :: Middle East News and Perspectives :: Hyscience
- http://sg.news.yahoo.com/060722/3/429gv.html
- Asia Times HOW HEZBOLLAH DEFEATED ISRAEL-PART 2: Winning the ground war
- Timesonline August 27, 2006 Humbling of the supertroops shatters Israeli army morale
Bibliography
- Conder, Claude Reignier; Kitchener, H. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Rhode, Harold (1979). Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century. Columbia University.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
External links
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Maroun Er Ras, Localiban
