| Revision as of 01:35, 28 December 2017 editAdamgerber80 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers19,579 edits there is no reference which suggests that babur-2 has a range of 750Tag: Visual edit← Previous edit | Revision as of 11:22, 28 December 2017 edit undoElektricity (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users545 edits Reverted to revision 804538149 by 209.141.200.197 (talk): Revert of several edits. Concerns will be removed in further edits. (TW)Next edit → | ||
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| {{About|the Pakistani cruise missile|other uses|Babar (disambiguation)}} | {{About|the Pakistani cruise missile|other uses|Babar (disambiguation)}} | ||
| {{Infobox |
{{Infobox Weapon | ||
| |is_missile=yes | |is_missile=yes | ||
| |name=Babur cruise missile; Hatf VII | |name=Babur cruise missile; Hatf VII | ||
| |caption=Babur cruise missile deployed at a show in 2006 | |caption=Babur cruise missile deployed at a show in 2006 | ||
| |Image= | |||
| |image=Babur aa.jpg | |||
| |origin= Pakistan | |origin= Pakistan | ||
| |type=] | |type=] | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
| |propellant= Solid fuel (booster rocket)<br />Liquid fuel (jet engine) | |propellant= Solid fuel (booster rocket)<br />Liquid fuel (jet engine) | ||
| |production_date= | |production_date= | ||
| |service=Babur–I {{small|(August 11, 2005)}}<br>Babur–II {{small|(December 14, 2016)}}<br>Babur–III {{small|(January 9, 2017)}} | |||
| |service=Babur-I: 2010-present <ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7/</ref> | |||
| |engine=]<br /> (] booster during launch) | |engine=]<br /> (] booster during launch) | ||
| |engine_power= | |engine_power= | ||
| |weight=1,500 kg | |weight=<1,500 kg (payload >300 kg){{cn|date=July 2017}} | ||
| |length=6.25 m (7 m with booster){{cn|date=July 2017}} | |||
| |length=6.2 m <ref>https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7/</ref> | |||
| |height= | |height= | ||
| |diameter=0.52 m | |diameter=0.52 m{{cn|date=July 2017}} | ||
| |wingspan= | |wingspan=2.67 m{{cn|date=July 2017}} | ||
| |speed=880 km/h or 550 mph (Mach 0.8){{ |
|speed=880 km/h or 550 mph (Mach 0.8){{cn|date=July 2017}} | ||
| |vehicle_range=Babur–I |
|vehicle_range=Babur–I: 700 km<ref name="CSIS Missile Threat">{{cite web|url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7/|title=Hatf 7 "Babur" - Missile Threat|author=|date=|website=CSIS.org|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><br>Babur–II: 750 km<br>Babur–III: 450 km | ||
| |ceiling= | |ceiling= | ||
| |altitude= | |altitude= | ||
| |filling= |
|filling=Conventional or nuclear | ||
| |guidance=], ]/], ], ] | |guidance=], ]/], ], ] | ||
| |detonation= | |detonation= | ||
| |launch_platform=] (TEL)<br> |
|launch_platform=] (TEL)<br>] | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Babur''' (]: '''بابر'''; named after the first ] ]), also designated '''Hatf VII''', is the ] and joint ] weapon systems in service with the ] since 2005, and ] since 2017. | |||
| '''Babur''' (]: '''بابر'''; named after the first ] ]{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}), also designated '''Hatf VII''', is a short range turbojet powered subsonic cruise missile that can be launched from land or mobile underwater platforms. The missile is believed to have entered into service in 2010 and is capable of carrying both conventional and nuclear warheads.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1302318|title=Pakistan conducts successful test of Babur cruise missile|last=Dawn.com|date=2016-12-14|work=DAWN.COM|access-date=2017-12-28|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7/|title=Hatf 7 "Babur" {{!}} Missile Threat|work=Missile Threat|access-date=2017-12-28|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1302318|title=Pakistan conducts successful test of Babur cruise missile|last=Dawn.com|first=|date=14 December 2016|website=Dawn.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="Dawn">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/152009|title=Pakistan test-fires its first cruise missile|last=Sharif|first=Arshad|date=12 August 2005|website=DAWN.COM|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> | |||
| Babur is the first land attack cruise missile (LACM) and the first ] (SLCM) to be developed, manufactured and operationalized by ].<ref name="Dawn" /> Launched from ground-based mobile ]s (TELs), the Babur can be armed with both ] and ] and has a reported range of {{convert|700|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The missile is designed to avoid ] detection and penetrate enemy air defences.<ref name="Dawn">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/152009|title=Pakistan test-fires its first cruise missile|first=Arshad|last=Sharif|date=12 August 2005|website=DAWN.COM|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="janes.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/extracts/extract/jsws/jswsa305.html|title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's – IHS|publisher=|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="cnn">{{cite web|date=26 July 2007|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/07/26/pakistan.missile.test.reut/index.html|title=Pakistan test fires nuclear-capable missile|publisher=|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> Serial production of the Babur started in October 2005.<ref name="wdif">{{cite web|url=http://www.wdif.net/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=77|title=Babur missile|author=|date=|website=WDIF.net|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> | |||
| An enhanced version of the missile has a range of 700 km and is a "low-flying, terrain hugging {{sic|missle}} with certain stealth features"{{specify|date=July 2017}}{{Cite quote|date=July 2017}} and can be deployed against both land and sea targets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1302318|title=Pakistan conducts successful test of Babur cruise missile|first=|last=Dawn.com|date=14 December 2016|website=Dawn.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nuclear-capable-nirbhay-cruise-missiles-test-fails-for-the-fourth-time/articleshow/56105444.cms|title=Nuclear-capable Nirbhay cruise missile's test fails for the fourth time}}</ref> A submarine-launched version of the missile named Babur-III was launched on January 9, 2017, from an undisclosed location in the Indian Ocean.<ref name="tribune.com.pk">{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1289288/pakistan-successfully-test-fires-babur-iii-cruise-missile/|title=Pakistan fires 'first submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile' - The Express Tribune|author=|date=9 January 2017|website=Tribune.com.pk|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> | |||
| ==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
| ], carrying four cruise missiles, on display at the IDEAS 2008 defence exhibition, ], Pakistan]] | ], carrying four cruise missiles, on display at the IDEAS 2008 defence exhibition, ], ]]] | ||
| ]]] | ]]] | ||
| Pakistan claims to have developed the Babur in response to alleged reports that India was planning to acquire ] from the US, in order to set up a ballistic missile defense system to counter Pakistan's arsenal of ballistic missiles.<ref name="paktribune">{{cite web|url=http://www.paktribune.com/news/index.shtml?115472|title=Informatoin missing.|work=Paktribune|access-date=8 October 2015 |
Pakistan claims to have developed the Babur in response to alleged reports that India was planning to acquire ] from the US, in order to set up a ballistic missile defense system to counter Pakistan's arsenal of ballistic missiles.<ref name="paktribune">{{cite web|url=http://www.paktribune.com/news/index.shtml?115472|title=Informatoin missing.|work=Paktribune|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> | ||
| ==Design== | ==Design== | ||
| The Babur's airframe is made up of a tubular fuselage, with a pair of folded wings attached to the middle section and the ] at the rear along with the propulsion system. Propelled by a ] (either ] or ]){{specify|date=July 2017}}, the Babur has a maximum speed of approximately 550 mph |
The Babur's airframe is made up of a tubular fuselage, with a pair of folded wings attached to the middle section and the ] at the rear along with the propulsion system. Propelled by a ] (either ] or ]){{specify|date=July 2017}}, the Babur has a maximum speed of approximately 550 mph. On launch, a ] provides additional ] to accelerate the missile away from the launch vehicle. After the launch the wings unfold, the booster rocket is jettisoned and the jet engine started. | ||
| ==Guidance== | |||
| The Babur's guidance system uses a combination of ]s (INS), ] and ]. The guidance system reportedly gives the missile pinpoint accuracy.<ref name="Dawn" /> GPS access is not guaranteed under hostile conditions so the latest production models have also reportedly incorporated the Russian ]. Future software and hardware updates could include the European Union's ] and China's ].<ref name="missilethreat.csis.org">http://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7-babur/</ref> An upgraded variant tested on the 14 December 2016 included upgraded avionics where now the missile is able to accurately hit land and sea based targets without the aid of GPS. Also the missile is able to hit targets more accurately.<ref name="dawn.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1302422/improved-version-of-babur-cruise-missile-tested-successfully|title=Improved version of Babur cruise missile tested successfully|first=The Newspaper's Staff|last=Reporter|date=15 December 2016|website=Dawn.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="700km">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-successfully-test-fires-cruise-missile-babur-with-range-of-700kms/story-50FloJFcJRhFCjd7XqRdwK.html|title=Pakistan successfully test-fires cruise missile ‘Babur’ with range of 700km|date=14 December 2016|website=HindustanTimes.com|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1263305/pakistan-successfully-tests-fires-indigenous-babur-cruise-missile/|title=Pakistan successfully tests fires indigenous Babur Cruise Missile - The Express Tribune|author=|date=14 December 2016|website=Tribune.com.pk|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="dawn.com"/> | The Babur's guidance system uses a combination of ]s (INS), ] and ]. The guidance system reportedly gives the missile pinpoint accuracy.<ref name="Dawn" /> GPS access is not guaranteed under hostile conditions so the latest production models have also reportedly incorporated the Russian ]. Future software and hardware updates could include the European Union's ] and China's ].<ref name="missilethreat.csis.org">http://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7-babur/</ref> An upgraded variant tested on the 14 December 2016 included upgraded avionics where now the missile is able to accurately hit land and sea based targets without the aid of GPS. Also the missile is able to hit targets more accurately.<ref name="dawn.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1302422/improved-version-of-babur-cruise-missile-tested-successfully|title=Improved version of Babur cruise missile tested successfully|first=The Newspaper's Staff|last=Reporter|date=15 December 2016|website=Dawn.com|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="700km">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pakistan-successfully-test-fires-cruise-missile-babur-with-range-of-700kms/story-50FloJFcJRhFCjd7XqRdwK.html|title=Pakistan successfully test-fires cruise missile ‘Babur’ with range of 700km|date=14 December 2016|website=HindustanTimes.com|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1263305/pakistan-successfully-tests-fires-indigenous-babur-cruise-missile/|title=Pakistan successfully tests fires indigenous Babur Cruise Missile - The Express Tribune|author=|date=14 December 2016|website=Tribune.com.pk|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="dawn.com"/> | ||
| ==Features== | |||
| The missile is stated to have a high degree of maneuverability, allowing it to "hug" the terrain, and "near-stealth" capabilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacewar.com/reports/Pakistan_Tests_Nuclear_Capable_Cruise_Missile_999.html|title=Pakistan Tests Nuclear-Capable Cruise Missile|publisher=|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> Terrain-hugging ability helps the missile avoid enemy radar detection by utilizing "terrain masking", giving Babur the capability to penetrate enemy air defence systems undetected and survive until reaching the target.<ref name="Dawn" /> | |||
| More advanced versions of the Babur are under development. Later versions are planned to have a range of 1000 km<ref name="wdif" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Government has prepared comprehensive plan to equip armed forces: Musharraf|url=http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9898&Itemid=2|access-date=13 August 2013|publisher=]|date=30 May 2007}}</ref> and be capable of being launched from ] submarines such as the ].<ref name="janes.com"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/nbc/nuclear/pakistan|title=Home - SIPRI|author=|date=|website=www.SIPRI.org|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> | |||
| ==Operational history== | ==Operational history== | ||
| Line 53: | Line 63: | ||
| On June 6, 2012 Pakistan conducted a successful test-fire of the multi-tube, indigenously developed cruise missile Hatf-VII (Babur), which can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads with stealth capabilities. It was the third test-fire conducted by Pakistan in the recent past, of different capacity and load. “It can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads and has stealth capabilities”, said an official announcement of the ISPR. “It also incorporates the most modern cruise missile technology of Terrain Contour Matching (Tercom) and Digital Scene Matching and Area Co-relation (]), which enhances its precision and effectiveness manifolds.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-15147-N-capable-Hatf-VII-cruise-missile-test-fired|title=N-capable Hatf-VII cruise missile test-fired|date=6 June 2012|work=The News International, Pakistan|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> | On June 6, 2012 Pakistan conducted a successful test-fire of the multi-tube, indigenously developed cruise missile Hatf-VII (Babur), which can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads with stealth capabilities. It was the third test-fire conducted by Pakistan in the recent past, of different capacity and load. “It can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads and has stealth capabilities”, said an official announcement of the ISPR. “It also incorporates the most modern cruise missile technology of Terrain Contour Matching (Tercom) and Digital Scene Matching and Area Co-relation (]), which enhances its precision and effectiveness manifolds.”<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-15147-N-capable-Hatf-VII-cruise-missile-test-fired|title=N-capable Hatf-VII cruise missile test-fired|date=6 June 2012|work=The News International, Pakistan|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> | ||
| Pakistan conducted a successful launch of an enhanced version of the Babur |
Pakistan conducted a successful launch of an enhanced version of the ] missile On December 14, 2016. Enhancements include upgraded aerodynamics and avionics where now the missile is able to accurately hit targets without the aid of GPS, and also target sea based targets as well land based targets.<ref name="dawn.com"/><ref name="700km"/> | ||
| On |
On January 9, 2017, Pakistan claimed to have conducted a successful launch of the ] missile from a submarine platform.<ref name="tribune.com.pk"/> The Babur-III has been claimed to have a range of 450 km and be used as a ] capability.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-missiles-idUSKBN14T1EL|title=Pakistan fires 'first submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile'|author=|date=10 January 2017|publisher=|access-date=26 July 2017|via=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://arynews.tv/en/pakistan-test-fires-first-submarine-launched-cruise-missile-babur-3/|title=Pakistan test-fires first submarine cruise missile Babur-3|author=|date=|website=AryNews.tv|access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38563330|title=Pakistan 'launches first cruise missile from submarine'|author=|date=9 January 2017|publisher=|access-date=26 July 2017|via=www.BBC.co.uk}}</ref> | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 77: | Line 87: | ||
| * | * | ||
| * http://www.pakmilitary.net/army/arsenal/cruise_missile.html | * http://www.pakmilitary.net/army/arsenal/cruise_missile.html | ||
| {{Pakistan Missiles}} | {{Pakistan Missiles}} | ||
Revision as of 11:22, 28 December 2017
This article is about the Pakistani cruise missile. For other uses, see Babar (disambiguation). Medium-range subsonic cruise missile| Babur cruise missile; Hatf VII | |
|---|---|
| Type | Medium-range subsonic cruise missile |
| Place of origin | Pakistan |
| Service history | |
| In service | Babur–I (August 11, 2005) Babur–II (December 14, 2016) Babur–III (January 9, 2017) |
| Used by | Babur–I/Babur–II Army Strategic Forces Command (ASFC) Babur–III Naval Strategic Forces Command (NSFC) |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | National Defence Complex (NDC) |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | <1,500 kg (payload >300 kg) |
| Length | 6.25 m (7 m with booster) |
| Diameter | 0.52 m |
| Wingspan | 2.67 m |
| Warhead | Conventional or nuclear |
| Engine | Turbofan (Solid-fuel rocket booster during launch) |
| Propellant | Solid fuel (booster rocket) Liquid fuel (jet engine) |
| Operational range | Babur–I: 700 km Babur–II: 750 km Babur–III: 450 km |
| Maximum speed | 880 km/h or 550 mph (Mach 0.8) |
| Guidance system | INS, TERCOM/DSMAC, GPS, GLONASS |
| Launch platform | Transporter erector launcher (TEL) Agosta 90B Khalid-class submarine |
Babur (Urdu: بابر; named after the first Mughal Emperor Zahir-ud-Din Babur), also designated Hatf VII, is the inter-services and joint cruise missile weapon systems in service with the Pakistan Army since 2005, and Pakistan Navy since 2017.
Babur is the first land attack cruise missile (LACM) and the first submarine-launched cruise missile (SLCM) to be developed, manufactured and operationalized by Pakistan. Launched from ground-based mobile transporter erector launchers (TELs), the Babur can be armed with both conventional and nuclear warheads and has a reported range of 700 km (430 mi). The missile is designed to avoid radar detection and penetrate enemy air defences. Serial production of the Babur started in October 2005.
An enhanced version of the missile has a range of 700 km and is a "low-flying, terrain hugging missle [sic] with certain stealth features" and can be deployed against both land and sea targets. A submarine-launched version of the missile named Babur-III was launched on January 9, 2017, from an undisclosed location in the Indian Ocean.
Origin
Pakistan claims to have developed the Babur in response to alleged reports that India was planning to acquire Patriot missiles from the US, in order to set up a ballistic missile defense system to counter Pakistan's arsenal of ballistic missiles.
Design
The Babur's airframe is made up of a tubular fuselage, with a pair of folded wings attached to the middle section and the empennage at the rear along with the propulsion system. Propelled by a jet engine (either turbofan or turbojet), the Babur has a maximum speed of approximately 550 mph. On launch, a booster (rocketry) provides additional thrust to accelerate the missile away from the launch vehicle. After the launch the wings unfold, the booster rocket is jettisoned and the jet engine started.
Guidance
The Babur's guidance system uses a combination of inertial navigation systems (INS), terrain contour matching (TERCOM) and GPS satellite guidance. The guidance system reportedly gives the missile pinpoint accuracy. GPS access is not guaranteed under hostile conditions so the latest production models have also reportedly incorporated the Russian GLONASS. Future software and hardware updates could include the European Union's GALILEO and China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. An upgraded variant tested on the 14 December 2016 included upgraded avionics where now the missile is able to accurately hit land and sea based targets without the aid of GPS. Also the missile is able to hit targets more accurately.
Features
The missile is stated to have a high degree of maneuverability, allowing it to "hug" the terrain, and "near-stealth" capabilities. Terrain-hugging ability helps the missile avoid enemy radar detection by utilizing "terrain masking", giving Babur the capability to penetrate enemy air defence systems undetected and survive until reaching the target.
More advanced versions of the Babur are under development. Later versions are planned to have a range of 1000 km and be capable of being launched from Pakistan Navy submarines such as the Agosta 90B Khalid class.
Operational history
On August 12, 2005, Pakistan publicly announced that it had successfully test-fired a nuclear-capable cruise missile with a range of 500 km. The missile was launched from a land-based transporter erector launcher (TEL). Pakistan did not notify India of its test-firing as the existing notification agreement is limited to ballistic missile testing only.
On March 22, 2007, Pakistan test-fired an upgraded version of the Babur with an extended range of 700 km.
On May 6, 2009, Pakistan conducted another test-firing but did not announce the event until 9 May 2009, citing political reasons.
On October 28, 2011, Pakistan successfully test-fired its Babur cruise missile which has a range of 700 km. The ISPR said Babur was capable of carrying conventional and atomic warheads. A special feature of this launch was the validation of a new multi-tube missile launch vehicle (MLV) during the test. The three-tube MLV enhances manifold the targeting and deployment options in the conventional and nuclear modes. With its shoot-and-scoot capability, the MLV provides a major force multiplier effect for target employment and survivability.
On June 6, 2012 Pakistan conducted a successful test-fire of the multi-tube, indigenously developed cruise missile Hatf-VII (Babur), which can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads with stealth capabilities. It was the third test-fire conducted by Pakistan in the recent past, of different capacity and load. “It can carry both nuclear and conventional warheads and has stealth capabilities”, said an official announcement of the ISPR. “It also incorporates the most modern cruise missile technology of Terrain Contour Matching (Tercom) and Digital Scene Matching and Area Co-relation (DSMAC), which enhances its precision and effectiveness manifolds.”
Pakistan conducted a successful launch of an enhanced version of the Babur 2 missile On December 14, 2016. Enhancements include upgraded aerodynamics and avionics where now the missile is able to accurately hit targets without the aid of GPS, and also target sea based targets as well land based targets.
On January 9, 2017, Pakistan claimed to have conducted a successful launch of the Babur 3 missile from a submarine platform. The Babur-III has been claimed to have a range of 450 km and be used as a second-strike capability.
See also
- Related developments
- Similar missiles
- Related lists
References
- "Hatf 7 "Babur" - Missile Threat". CSIS.org. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Sharif, Arshad (12 August 2005). "Pakistan test-fires its first cruise missile". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's – IHS". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- ^ "Pakistan test fires nuclear-capable missile". 26 July 2007. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- ^ "Babur missile". WDIF.net. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- Dawn.com (14 December 2016). "Pakistan conducts successful test of Babur cruise missile". Dawn.com. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- "Nuclear-capable Nirbhay cruise missile's test fails for the fourth time".
- ^ "Pakistan fires 'first submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile' - The Express Tribune". Tribune.com.pk. 9 January 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ "Informatoin missing". Paktribune. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- http://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/hatf-7-babur/
- ^ Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (15 December 2016). "Improved version of Babur cruise missile tested successfully". Dawn.com. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ "Pakistan successfully test-fires cruise missile 'Babur' with range of 700km". HindustanTimes.com. 14 December 2016.
- "Pakistan successfully tests fires indigenous Babur Cruise Missile - The Express Tribune". Tribune.com.pk. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- "Pakistan Tests Nuclear-Capable Cruise Missile". Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- "Government has prepared comprehensive plan to equip armed forces: Musharraf". Associated Press of Pakistan. 30 May 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- "Home - SIPRI". www.SIPRI.org. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- "science14.htm". Dawn.com. 20 August 2005. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- Pakistan fires new cruise missile, BBC News, 11 August 2005
- "VOA News Report". VOANews.com. August 2005. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- "Babar missile test-fired last Wednesday". The Nation. 9 May 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- Schmitt, Eric; Sanger, David E. (29 August 2009). "U.S. Says Pakistan Made Changes to Missiles Sold for Defense". Retrieved 26 July 2017 – via NYTimes.com.
- "Pakistan successfully tests Babur Cruise missile". The News Tribe. 28 October 2011. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- "N-capable Hatf-VII cruise missile test-fired". The News International, Pakistan. 6 June 2012. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
- "Pakistan fires 'first submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile'". 10 January 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017 – via Reuters.
- "Pakistan test-fires first submarine cruise missile Babur-3". AryNews.tv. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- "Pakistan 'launches first cruise missile from submarine'". 9 January 2017. Retrieved 26 July 2017 – via www.BBC.co.uk.
External links
- Jane's Information article on Hatf 7 (Babur)
- Jane's Information article on Hatf 7 (Babur)
- http://www.pakmilitary.net/army/arsenal/cruise_missile.html
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| ** = Includes all ship-to-ship, ship-to-sub, sub-to-ship and sub-to-sub torpedoes
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Pakistan Armed Forces | |||||
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| Military history of Pakistan | |||||
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