Kay Granger: Difference between revisions

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	{{Use mdy dates\|date=~~October~~ ~~2014~~}}		{{Use mdy dates\|date=April 2020}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\|name = Kay Granger		\|name = Kay Granger
	\|image = Kay Granger.jpg		\|image = Kay Granger, 116th Congress, photo.jpg
	\|office = Ranking Member of the ]		\|office = Ranking Member of the ]
	\|term_start = January 3, 2019		\|term_start = January 3, 2019
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	\|term_end3 = December 19, 1995		\|term_end3 = December 19, 1995
	\|predecessor3 = ]		\|predecessor3 = ]
	\|successor3 = Jewell Woods (~~Acting~~)		\|successor3 = Jewell Woods (acting)
	\|birth_name = Norvell Kay Mullendore		\|birth_name = Norvell Kay Mullendore
	\|birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1943\|1\|18}}		\|birth_date = {{birth date and age\|1943\|1\|18}}
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	==Biography and career==		==Biography and career==
	{{BLP sources section\|date=November 2019}}		{{BLP sources section\|date=November 2019}}
	Granger was born in ], and grew up in Fort Worth. She attended local public schools and ].<ref name="granger">, USA Centers for Global Commercial & Investment Relations. Retrieved October 25, 2007. {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717174908/http://www.usacenters.com/kaygranger.html \|date=July 17, 2011 }}</ref> She graduated from ].~~{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}}~~		Granger was born in ], and grew up in Fort Worth. She attended local public schools and ].<ref name="granger">, USA Centers for Global Commercial & Investment Relations. Retrieved October 25, 2007. {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717174908/http://www.usacenters.com/kaygranger.html \|date=July 17, 2011}}</ref> She graduated from ].

	Granger taught high school English and journalism for several years and became familiar with many issues in the community.{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}} In 1978 she decided to establish her own insurance agency, which she operated for years.{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}} Deciding to become active in local politics, Granger was elected to the Fort Worth Zoning Commission.{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}} She was elected to the city council in 1989.{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}} She was elected Mayor in 1991 in a non-partisan election, becoming the first woman to serve as mayor of the city.{{Citation needed\|date=November 2019}}

	], and ]]]		], and ]]]
	After Congressman ] announced he would retire in 1996, both the ] and Republican parties worked to recruit Granger to run for his seat.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/01/24/when-wendy-davis-was-a-republican\|title=When Wendy Davis Was a Republican\|last=Cottle\|first=Michelle\|date=~~2014-01-~~24\|work=The Daily Beast\|access-date=2020~~-01-27~~\|language=en}}</ref> Republicans were bullish on their chances of winning ]. It had once been represented by Democratic ] ], but legislative redistricting after the 1990 census had added areas with more Republican residents.		After Congressman ] announced he would retire in 1996, both the ] and Republican parties worked to recruit Granger to run for his seat.<ref>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/01/24/when-wendy-davis-was-a-republican\|title=When Wendy Davis Was a Republican \|last=Cottle\|first=Michelle\|date=January 24, 2014\|work=The Daily Beast\|access-date=January 27, 2020\|language=en}}</ref> Republicans were bullish on their chances of winning ]. It had once been represented by Democratic ] ], but legislative redistricting after the 1990 census had added areas with more Republican residents.

	Granger ran as a Republican. She won handily, taking 56 percent of the vote over Democrat ], also a former Fort Worth mayor. She was reelected in 1998 and faced serious opposition only in 2000. In 2008, Granger defeated Democratic challenger Tracey Smith with 67 percent of the vote.		Granger ran as a Republican. She won handily, taking 56 percent of the vote over Democrat ], also a former Fort Worth mayor. She was reelected in 1998 and faced serious opposition only in 2000. In 2008, Granger defeated Democratic challenger Tracey Smith with 67 percent of the vote.
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	That year, she was reelected to her sixth term in Congress. She was elected as ], the fourth-ranking position among House Republicans, in November 2006. She has previously served as Chairwoman of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on State-Foreign Operations. She also sits on the ]'s ] (the first woman to do so), and the ]. She has also served as a House Deputy Whip.		That year, she was reelected to her sixth term in Congress. She was elected as ], the fourth-ranking position among House Republicans, in November 2006. She has previously served as Chairwoman of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on State-Foreign Operations. She also sits on the ]'s ] (the first woman to do so), and the ]. She has also served as a House Deputy Whip.

	On September 25, 2007, she publicly endorsed former ] governor ] in the primary race for the Republican Party presidential nomination.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mittromney.com/News/Press-Releases/Granger_Endorsement \|title=Mitt Romney's Free and Strong America PAC \|publisher=Mittromney.com \|date=November 9, 2009 \|accessdate=August 29, 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215042925/https://www.mittromney.com/News/Press-Releases/Granger_Endorsement \|archivedate=February 15, 2008 }}</ref> She also took up the position of national co-chair of the campaign organization Women for Mitt, filling a vacancy left by the death of ].<ref name=autogenerated1> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003121629/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/politics/local/stories/DN-grangerromney_26nat.ART.State.Edition1.4224513.html \|date=October 3, 2008 }}</ref> In a statement to the press following her endorsement, she said that she had heard Romney speak and that "I agreed with everything he said, in the order he said it."		On September 25, 2007, she publicly endorsed former ] governor ] in the primary race for the Republican Party presidential nomination.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.mittromney.com/News/Press-Releases/Granger_Endorsement \|title=Mitt Romney's Free and Strong America PAC \|publisher=Mittromney.com \|date=November 9, 2009 \|accessdate=August 29, 2010 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215042925/https://www.mittromney.com/News/Press-Releases/Granger_Endorsement \|archivedate=February 15, 2008 }}</ref> She also took up the position of national co-chair of the campaign organization Women for Mitt, filling a vacancy left by the death of ].<ref name=autogenerated1> {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003121629/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/politics/local/stories/DN-grangerromney_26nat.ART.State.Edition1.4224513.html \|date=October 3, 2008}}</ref> In a statement to the press following her endorsement, she said that she had heard Romney speak and that "I agreed with everything he said, in the order he said it."

	She is a member of the Board of Directors of the ]<ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100428062156/http://www.iri.org/learn-more-about-iri/board-directors-and-officers \|date=April 28, 2010 }}</ref> and Southwestern University. She is also a member of the ].		She is a member of the Board of Directors of the ]<ref> {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100428062156/http://www.iri.org/learn-more-about-iri/board-directors-and-officers \|date=April 28, 2010}}</ref> and Southwestern University. She is also a member of the ].

	She is a member of the Board of Trustees for the ] foundation.		She is a member of the Board of Trustees for the ] foundation.

	===Congressional committee assignments===		===Congressional committee assignments===
	* ''']''' (Ranking Member)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://appropriations.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=394675\|title=Chairman Frelinghuysen Announces GOP Subcommittee Memberships for the 115th Congress {{!}} Committee on Appropriations, U.S. House of Representatives\|website=appropriations.house.gov~~\|language=en~~\|access-date=2018~~-05-16~~}}</ref>		* ''']''' (Ranking Member)<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://appropriations.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=394675\|title=Chairman Frelinghuysen Announces GOP Subcommittee Memberships for the 115th Congress {{!}} Committee on Appropriations, U.S. House of Representatives \|website=appropriations.house.gov\|access-date=May 16, 2018}}</ref>
	** ]		** ]
	** ]		** ]
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	===Caucus memberships===		===Caucus memberships===
	* Anti-Terrorism Caucus (Co-Chair)		* Anti-Terrorism Caucus (Co-Chair)
	*]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Our Members\|url=https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html\|publisher=U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus\|accessdate=2 August 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155201/https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html\|archive-date=August 1, 2018\|url-status=dead~~\|df=mdy-all~~}}</ref>		*]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Our Members \|url=https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html\|publisher=U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus\|accessdate=August 2, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155201/https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html\|archive-date=August 1, 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	* Iraqi Women's Caucus (Co-Chair)		* Iraqi Women's Caucus (Co-Chair)
	* Sportsmen's Caucus		* Sportsmen's Caucus
	* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Membership\|url=https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership\|publisher=Congressional Arts Caucus\|accessdate=21 ~~March~~ 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140644/https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership\|archive-date=June 12, 2018\|url-status=dead~~\|df=mdy-all~~}}</ref>		* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Membership\|url=https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership \|publisher=Congressional Arts Caucus\|accessdate=March 21, 2018\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140644/https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership\|archive-date=June 12, 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref>
	* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members~~\|author=~~\|url=https://usjapancaucus-castro.house.gov/members\|~~format=\|~~ publisher=U.S. - Japan Caucus ~~\|date=~~\|accessdate=11 December 2018}}</ref>		* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members\|url=https://usjapancaucus-castro.house.gov/members\|publisher=U.S. - Japan Caucus \|accessdate=December 11, 2018}}</ref>
	* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members~~\|author=~~\|url=http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members\|format=\|publisher=House Baltic Caucus~~\|date=~~\|accessdate=21 February 2018}}</ref>		* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members\|url=http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members\|format=\|publisher=House Baltic Caucus\|accessdate=February 21, 2018}}</ref>
	* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members\|author=\|url=http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus~~\|format=~~\|publisher=Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus~~\|date=~~\|accessdate=8 ~~June~~ 2018}}</ref>		* ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Members\|author=\|url=http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus\|publisher=Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus\|accessdate=June 8, 2018}}</ref>

	==Ideology and voting record==		==Ideology and voting record==
	]</span>]]		]</span>]]
	She is a member of the conservative ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Member List\|author=\|url=https://rsc-walker.house.gov/\|format=\|publisher=Republican Study Committee\|date=\|accessdate=21 December 2017}}</ref> She is also a member of the ], a ] group.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.riponsociety.org/advisory-board/\|title=Advisory Board\|website=The Ripon Society\|language=en-US\|access-date=~~2020-01-~~30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.riponsociety.org/history/\|title=History\|website=The Ripon Society\|language=en-US\|access-date=~~2020-01-~~30}}</ref> '']'' described her as socially ], but ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kay-granger-r-tex/gIQAJGdW9O_print.html\|title=Kay Granger (R-Tex.)\|website=The Washington Post}}</ref> ], a conservative ], gave her a score of 59% conservative during the ] and a 57% lifetime score.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://heritageaction.com/scorecard/members\|title=Heritage Action for America\|last=America\|first=Heritage Action For\|date=~~2019-04-~~20\|website=Heritage Action For America\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~21}}</ref> In 2017, the ], a liberal PAC, gave her a 15% rating.<ref name="The Voter's Self Defense System">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~21}}</ref> She has an 83% lifetime rating from the ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://acuratings.conservative.org/\|title=ACU Ratings\|website=ACU Ratings\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-12-~~25}}</ref> In 2013, the '']'', a non-partisan organization, gave Granger a composite political ideology score of 73% conservative and 27% liberal.<ref name="The Voter's Self Defense System"/> As of February 2020, she has voted with President Trump's position on legislative issues about 97% of the time.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-trump-score/\|title=Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump\|last=Bycoffe\|first=Aaron\|date=~~2017-01-~~30\|website=FiveThirtyEight\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref>		She is a member of the conservative ].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Member List\|author=\|url=https://rsc-walker.house.gov/\|format=\|publisher=Republican Study Committee\|date=\|accessdate=December 21, 2017}}</ref> She is also a member of the ], a ] group.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.riponsociety.org/advisory-board/\|title=Advisory Board\|website=The Ripon Society\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 30, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.riponsociety.org/history/\|title=History\|website=The Ripon Society\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 30, 2020}}</ref> '']'' described her as socially ], but ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kay-granger-r-tex/gIQAJGdW9O_print.html\|title=Kay Granger (R-Tex.)\|website=The Washington Post}}</ref> ], a conservative ], gave her a score of 59% conservative during the ] and a 57% lifetime score.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://heritageaction.com/scorecard/members\|title=Heritage Action for America\|last=America\|first=Heritage Action For\|date=April 20, 2019\|website=Heritage Action For America\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=April 21, 2019}}</ref> In 2017, the ], a liberal PAC, gave her a 15% rating.<ref name="The Voter's Self Defense System">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=April 21, 2019}}</ref> She has an 83% lifetime rating from the ].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://acuratings.conservative.org/\|title=ACU Ratings\|website=ACU Ratings\|language=en\|access-date=December 25, 2019}}</ref> In 2013, the '']'', a non-partisan organization, gave Granger a composite political ideology score of 73% conservative and 27% liberal.<ref name="The Voter's Self Defense System"/> As of February 2020, she has voted with President Trump's position on legislative issues about 97% of the time.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/congress-trump-score/\|title=Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump\|last=Bycoffe\|first=Aaron\|date=January 30, 2017\|website=FiveThirtyEight\|language=en\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref>

	Granger had identified as ].<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Ethridge\|first=Emily\|url=https://info.cq.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/PowerfulWomen_ebook.pdf\|title=Powerful Women: The 25 Most Influential Women in Congress\|publisher=CQ Roll Call\|year=2015\|isbn=\|location=eBook\|pages=17}}</ref> She supported the '']'' decision.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.esquire.com/features/esquire-endorsements-2008/texas-1108\|title=Election 2008: Who People in Texas Should Vote For\|date=~~2008-10-~~16\|website=Esquire\|language=en-US\|access-date=2020~~-01-01~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Encyclopedia of Women and American Politics\|last=Ford\|first=Lynne E.\|publisher=Facts on File Inc.\|year=2008\|isbn=9780816054916\|location=New York City\|pages=216}}</ref> She reversed her position in 2020; she said she is now ] and signed an amicus brief asking the Supreme Court to overturn ''Roe''.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/20-texas-congressional-members-call-for-supreme-court-overrule-of-roe-v-wade/\|title=20 Texas Congressional Members Call for Supreme Court Overrule of Roe v. Wade\|date=2020~~-01-03~~\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=2020~~-01-03~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/us/politics/republicans-abortion-supreme-court.html\|title=More Than 200 Republicans Urge Supreme Court to Weigh Overturning Roe v. Wade\|last=Stolberg\|first=Sheryl Gay\|date=2020~~-01-02~~\|work=The New York Times\|access-date=2020~~-01-03~~\|language=en-US\|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/rep-kay-granger-and-challenger-chris-putnam-square-off-at-republican-womens-forum/\|title=Rep. Kay Granger and Challenger Chris Putnam Square Off at Republican Women's Forum\|date=2020~~-02-04~~\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=2020~~-02-06~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.star-telegram.com/news/politics-government/article239854608.html\|title=Kay Granger has Trump's support. Here's why it might not be enough to win her primary.\|last=Tinsley\|first=Anna\|date=February 10, 2020\|website=Fort Worth Star-Telegram\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=}}</ref> She described herself in 2007 on '']'' as "a pro-choice Republican."<ref name="votesmart.org">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://votesmart.org/public-statement/292516/msnbc-super-tuesday-transcript/?search=MSNBC#.XMPadJNKgU0\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|date=September 25, 2007\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~27}}</ref> '']'' reported that she "supports abortion rights in limited cases."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://projects.wsj.com/campaign2012/candidates/view/kay-granger--TX-H\|title=Kay Granger - Candidate for U.S. President, Republican Nomination - Election 2012\|website=WSJ.com\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~15}}</ref> Granger's 1996 campaign was promoted by ], a pro-abortion rights PAC.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?75405-1/republican-women-congressional-candidates\|title=Republican Women Congressional Candidates {{!}} C-SPAN.org\|website=www.c-span.org\|language=en-us\|access-date=~~2020-01-~~27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/candidates/election.guide/text/TX12.shtml\|title=AllPolitics - Congressional Races - Texas District 12\|website=www.cnn.com\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/states/frosh/9701/03c/\|title=AllPolitics/CQ - Freshmen of the 105th Congress\|website=www.cnn.com\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref> The WISH List also supported her 2008 campaign.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/recips.php?id=D000000631&type=P&state=&sort=A&cycle=2008\|title=Wish List: All Recipients {{!}} OpenSecrets\|website=www.opensecrets.org\|access-date=2020~~-03-02~~}}</ref> She received mixed ratings from groups that support legal abortion.<ref name="votesmart.org"/> Granger supported ] and voted against banning "chemically induced abortions."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/news/16331-the-struggling-single-mother-of-three-who-worked-her-way-up-in-the-house\|title=The struggling, single mother of three who worked her way up in the House\|last=Perks\|first=Ashley\|date=~~2008-09-~~16\|website=TheHill\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/406067-the-stakes-are-sky-high-for-the-pro-life-cause-in-the-upcoming-midterm\|title=The stakes are sky-high for the pro-life cause in the upcoming midterms\|last=Malhi\|first=Sabrina\|date=~~2018-09-~~11\|website=TheHill\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.chron.com/news/nation-world/article/House-votes-to-expand-stem-cell-research-1646236.php\|title=House votes to expand stem cell research\|last=Levine\|first=Samantha\|last2=Bureau\|first2=Copyright 2005 Houston Chronicle Washington\|date=~~2005-05-~~25\|website=Houston Chronicle\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref> She previously voted to fund ], but recently voted to defund the organization.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/chris-putnam-primary-bid-receives-big-endorsement-attack-ads-purchased-targeting-rep-kay-granger/\|title=Chris Putnam Primary Bid Receives Big Endorsement, Attack Ads Purchased Targeting Rep. Kay Granger\|date=~~2020-01-~~23\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=~~2020-02-~~21}}</ref> She introduced legislation banning federal funding for abortion with exceptions for cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the woman.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/6157\|title=H.R.6157 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019\|last=Granger\|first=Kay\|date=~~2018-09-~~28\|website=www.congress.gov\|access-date=2020~~-02-03~~}}</ref> She supports banning abortion after 20 weeks.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/evanmcsan/republican-women-take-a-deep-breath-as-senate-considers-abor\|title=Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight\|website=BuzzFeed News\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref> In 2013, she said abortion is not her top issue.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/evanmcsan/republican-women-take-a-deep-breath-as-senate-considers-abor\|title=Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight\|website=BuzzFeed News\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-12-~~27}}</ref> She declined to cosponsor a bill to ban abortion after six weeks.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2017/11/01/house-panel-considers-banning-abortions-at-six-weeks/\|title=House panel considers banning abortions at six weeks\|date=2017~~-11-01~~\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-01-01~~}}</ref> In 2019, she signed a letter to ] urging him to "veto any appropriations bill that weakens current pro-life protections".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://votesmart.org/public-statement/1317332/letter-to-the-hon-donald-j-trump-president-of-the-united-states-lawmakers-urge-the-president-to-veto-any-appropriations-bill-that-weakens-current-pro-life-protections\|title=Letter to the Hon. Donald J. Trump, President of the United States - Lawmakers Urge the President to Veto Any Appropriations Bill that Weakens Current Pro-Life Protections\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=Votesmart.org\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=~~2019-11-~~23}}</ref> She was endorsed by ], an ] PAC.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://kaygranger.com/2019/12/19/texas-alliance-for-life-releases-first-round-of-endorsements-for-federal-offices/\|title=Texas Alliance for Life Releases First Round of Endorsements for Federal Offices\|date=~~2019-12-~~19\|website=Kay Granger for Congress\|language=en-US\|access-date=2020~~-01-01~~}}</ref> She was also endorsed by the ] for reelection.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.sba-list.org/newsroom/press-releases/sba-list-candidate-fund-endorses-kay-granger-for-congress-in-tx-12\|title=SBA List Candidate Fund Endorses Kay Granger for Congress in TX-12\|date=2020~~-01-06~~\|website=Susan B. Anthony List\|language=en-US\|access-date=~~2020-01-~~21}}</ref> Speaking about women in the GOP, Granger said her party has a problem with too few women in Congress.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2019/08/16/kay-granger-only-gop-woman-from-texas-in-congress-keeps-low-profile-but-has-plenty-of-influence/\|title=Kay Granger, only GOP woman from Texas in Congress, keeps low profile but has plenty of influence\|date=~~2019-08-~~16\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref>		Granger had identified as ].<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Ethridge\|first=Emily\|url=https://info.cq.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/PowerfulWomen_ebook.pdf\|title=Powerful Women: The 25 Most Influential Women in Congress\|publisher=CQ Roll Call\|year=2015\|isbn=\|location=eBook\|pages=17}}</ref> She supported the '']'' decision.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.esquire.com/features/esquire-endorsements-2008/texas-1108\|title=Election 2008: Who People in Texas Should Vote For\|date=October 16, 2008\|website=Esquire\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 1, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|title=Encyclopedia of Women and American Politics\|last=Ford\|first=Lynne E.\|publisher=Facts on File Inc.\|year=2008\|isbn=9780816054916\|location=New York City\|pages=216}}</ref> She reversed her position in 2020; she said she is now ] and signed an amicus brief asking the Supreme Court to overturn ''Roe''.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/20-texas-congressional-members-call-for-supreme-court-overrule-of-roe-v-wade/\|title=20 Texas Congressional Members Call for Supreme Court Overrule of Roe v. Wade\|date=January 3, 2020\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/us/politics/republicans-abortion-supreme-court.html\|title=More Than 200 Republicans Urge Supreme Court to Weigh Overturning Roe v. Wade\|last=Stolberg\|first=Sheryl Gay\|date=January 2, 2020\|work=The New York Times\|access-date=January 3, 2020\|language=en-US\|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/rep-kay-granger-and-challenger-chris-putnam-square-off-at-republican-womens-forum/\|title=Rep. Kay Granger and Challenger Chris Putnam Square Off at Republican Women's Forum\|date=February 4, 2020\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=February 6, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.star-telegram.com/news/politics-government/article239854608.html\|title=Kay Granger has Trump's support. Here's why it might not be enough to win her primary.\|last=Tinsley\|first=Anna\|date=February 10, 2020\|website=Fort Worth Star-Telegram\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=}}</ref> She described herself in 2007 on '']'' as "a pro-choice Republican."<ref name="votesmart.org">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://votesmart.org/public-statement/292516/msnbc-super-tuesday-transcript/?search=MSNBC#.XMPadJNKgU0\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|date=September 25, 2007\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=April 27, 2019}}</ref> '']'' reported that she "supports abortion rights in limited cases."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://projects.wsj.com/campaign2012/candidates/view/kay-granger--TX-H\|title=Kay Granger - Candidate for U.S. President, Republican Nomination - Election 2012\|website=WSJ.com\|access-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> Granger's 1996 campaign was promoted by ], a pro-abortion rights PAC.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?75405-1/republican-women-congressional-candidates\|title=Republican Women Congressional Candidates {{!}} C-SPAN.org\|website=www.c-span.org\|language=en-us\|access-date=January 27, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/candidates/election.guide/text/TX12.shtml\|title=AllPolitics - Congressional Races - Texas District 12\|website=www.cnn.com\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/states/frosh/9701/03c/\|title=AllPolitics/CQ - Freshmen of the 105th Congress\|website=www.cnn.com\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> The WISH List also supported her 2008 campaign.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/recips.php?id=D000000631&type=P&state=&sort=A&cycle=2008\|title=Wish List: All Recipients {{!}} OpenSecrets\|website=www.opensecrets.org\|access-date=March 2, 2020}}</ref> She received mixed ratings from groups that support legal abortion.<ref name="votesmart.org"/> Granger supported ] and voted against banning "chemically induced abortions."<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/news/16331-the-struggling-single-mother-of-three-who-worked-her-way-up-in-the-house\|title=The struggling, single mother of three who worked her way up in the House\|last=Perks\|first=Ashley\|date=September 16, 2008\|website=TheHill\|language=en\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/406067-the-stakes-are-sky-high-for-the-pro-life-cause-in-the-upcoming-midterm\|title=The stakes are sky-high for the pro-life cause in the upcoming midterms\|last=Malhi\|first=Sabrina\|date=September 11, 2018\|website=TheHill\|language=en\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.chron.com/news/nation-world/article/House-votes-to-expand-stem-cell-research-1646236.php\|title=House votes to expand stem cell research\|last=Levine\|first=Samantha\|last2=Bureau\|first2=Copyright 2005 Houston Chronicle Washington\|date=May 25, 2005\|website=Houston Chronicle\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|language=en\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref> She previously voted to fund ], but recently voted to defund the organization.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://thetexan.news/chris-putnam-primary-bid-receives-big-endorsement-attack-ads-purchased-targeting-rep-kay-granger/\|title=Chris Putnam Primary Bid Receives Big Endorsement, Attack Ads Purchased Targeting Rep. Kay Granger\|date=January 23, 2020\|website=The Texan\|language=en-US\|access-date=February 21, 2020}}</ref> She introduced legislation banning federal funding for abortion with exceptions for cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the woman.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/6157\|title=H.R.6157 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019\|last=Granger\|first=Kay\|date=September 28, 2018\|website=www.congress.gov\|access-date=February 3, 2020}}</ref> She supports banning abortion after 20 weeks.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/evanmcsan/republican-women-take-a-deep-breath-as-senate-considers-abor\|title=Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight\|website=BuzzFeed News\|language=en\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> In 2013, she said abortion is not her top issue.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/evanmcsan/republican-women-take-a-deep-breath-as-senate-considers-abor\|title=Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight\|website=BuzzFeed News\|language=en\|access-date=December 27, 2019}}</ref> She declined to cosponsor a bill to ban abortion after six weeks.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2017/11/01/house-panel-considers-banning-abortions-at-six-weeks/\|title=House panel considers banning abortions at six weeks\|date=November 1, 2017\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=January 1, 2020}}</ref> In 2019, she signed a letter to ] urging him to "veto any appropriations bill that weakens current pro-life protections".<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://votesmart.org/public-statement/1317332/letter-to-the-hon-donald-j-trump-president-of-the-united-states-lawmakers-urge-the-president-to-veto-any-appropriations-bill-that-weakens-current-pro-life-protections\|title=Letter to the Hon. Donald J. Trump, President of the United States - Lawmakers Urge the President to Veto Any Appropriations Bill that Weakens Current Pro-Life Protections\|last=\|first=\|date=\|website=Votesmart.org\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=November 23, 2019}}</ref> She was endorsed by ], an ] PAC.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://kaygranger.com/2019/12/19/texas-alliance-for-life-releases-first-round-of-endorsements-for-federal-offices/\|title=Texas Alliance for Life Releases First Round of Endorsements for Federal Offices\|date=December 19, 2019\|website=Kay Granger for Congress\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 1, 2020}}</ref> She was also endorsed by the ] for reelection.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.sba-list.org/newsroom/press-releases/sba-list-candidate-fund-endorses-kay-granger-for-congress-in-tx-12\|title=SBA List Candidate Fund Endorses Kay Granger for Congress in TX-12\|date=January 6, 2020\|website=Susan B. Anthony List\|language=en-US\|access-date=January 21, 2020}}</ref> Speaking about women in the GOP, Granger said her party has a problem with too few women in Congress.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2019/08/16/kay-granger-only-gop-woman-from-texas-in-congress-keeps-low-profile-but-has-plenty-of-influence/\|title=Kay Granger, only GOP woman from Texas in Congress, keeps low profile but has plenty of influence\|date=August 16, 2019\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref>

	Granger has voted several times in favor of an amendment to the ] to make it a crime to ]. She supported the ] to define marriage as only permitted between a man and a woman, and she also opposed same-sex couples being able to adopt.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.ontheissues.org/TX/Kay_Granger.htm\|title=Kay Granger on the Issues\|website=www.ontheissues.org\|access-date=~~2019-04-~~14}}</ref> She was one of four Republicans in the House who did not vote for or against repealing ], though she previously voted against other repeal proposals.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/111-2010/h638\|title=H.R. 2965 (111th): Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of ... -- House Vote #638 -- Dec 15, 2010\|website=GovTrack.us\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-12-~~25}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref> In 2017, she said that she had "no comment" in response to President ] from the military.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.texastribune.org/2017/07/27/texans-congress-divided-over-transgender-ban/\|title=Where do Texans in Congress stand on Trump's ban on transgender troops?\|last=Livingston\|first=Abby\|last2=Samuels\|first2=Alex\|date=~~2017-07-~~27\|website=The Texas Tribune\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=~~2019-11-~~23\|last3=Essig\|first3=Chris}}</ref> She did not vote for or against legislation opposing the ban of transgender troops.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>		Granger has voted several times in favor of an amendment to the ] to make it a crime to ]. She supported the ] to define marriage as only permitted between a man and a woman, and she also opposed same-sex couples being able to adopt.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.ontheissues.org/TX/Kay_Granger.htm\|title=Kay Granger on the Issues\|website=www.ontheissues.org\|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> She was one of four Republicans in the House who did not vote for or against repealing ], though she previously voted against other repeal proposals.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/111-2010/h638\|title=H.R. 2965 (111th): Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of ... -- House Vote #638 -- Dec 15, 2010\|website=GovTrack.us\|language=en\|access-date=December 25, 2019}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web\|url=http://votesmart.org/\|title=The Voter's Self Defense System\|website=Vote Smart\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref> In 2017, she said that she had "no comment" in response to President ] from the military.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.texastribune.org/2017/07/27/texans-congress-divided-over-transgender-ban/\|title=Where do Texans in Congress stand on Trump's ban on transgender troops?\|last=Livingston\|first=Abby\|last2=Samuels\|first2=Alex\|date=July 27, 2017\|website=The Texas Tribune\|language=en\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=November 23, 2019\|last3=Essig\|first3=Chris}}</ref> She did not vote for or against legislation opposing the ban of transgender troops.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

	In June 2013, Granger was among the members of Congress who voted to pass an ] to the ]. The amendment would continue to restrict the Pentagon from entering into new contracts with Russia's state arms broker, ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2013/06/14/house-agrees-to-amendment-to-restrict-u-s-contracts-with-syrian-regime-weapons-supplier/ \|title=House Agrees to Amendment to Restrict U.S. Contracts with Syrian Regime Weapons Supplier \|last1=Bowser-Soder \|first1=Brenda \|date=June 14, 2013 \|publisher=Human Rights First \|accessdate=July 20, 2013 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720044206/http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2013/06/14/house-agrees-to-amendment-to-restrict-u-s-contracts-with-syrian-regime-weapons-supplier/ \|archivedate=July 20, 2013 }}</ref> In 2015, Rep. Granger opposed President Trump's candidacy saying, “He definitely should not be considered to speak for our nation as our President.”<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rollcall.com/2015/07/21/texas-congresswoman-to-trump-have-you-no-decency-2/\|title=Texas Congresswoman to Trump: Have You No Decency?\|website=Roll Call\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref> However, in 2020, she endorsed Trump's reelection and she was endorsed by President Trump.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2019/12/17/trump-endorses-kay-granger-says-shes-strong-supporter-of-his-agenda/\|title=Trump endorses Kay Granger, says she's 'strong supporter' of his agenda\|date=~~2019-12-~~17\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=2020~~-02-08~~}}</ref>		In June 2013, Granger was among the members of Congress who voted to pass an ] to the ]. The amendment would continue to restrict the Pentagon from entering into new contracts with Russia's state arms broker, ].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2013/06/14/house-agrees-to-amendment-to-restrict-u-s-contracts-with-syrian-regime-weapons-supplier/ \|title=House Agrees to Amendment to Restrict U.S. Contracts with Syrian Regime Weapons Supplier \|last1=Bowser-Soder \|first1=Brenda \|date=June 14, 2013 \|publisher=Human Rights First \|accessdate=July 20, 2013 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720044206/http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2013/06/14/house-agrees-to-amendment-to-restrict-u-s-contracts-with-syrian-regime-weapons-supplier/ \|archivedate=July 20, 2013 }}</ref> In 2015, Rep. Granger opposed President Trump's candidacy saying, “He definitely should not be considered to speak for our nation as our President.”<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.rollcall.com/2015/07/21/texas-congresswoman-to-trump-have-you-no-decency-2/\|title=Texas Congresswoman to Trump: Have You No Decency?\|website=Roll Call\|language=en\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref> However, in 2020, she endorsed Trump's reelection and she was endorsed by President Trump.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2019/12/17/trump-endorses-kay-granger-says-shes-strong-supporter-of-his-agenda/\|title=Trump endorses Kay Granger, says she's 'strong supporter' of his agenda\|date=December 17, 2019\|website=Dallas News\|language=en\|access-date=February 8, 2020}}</ref>

	Granger was part of a group of eight Republicans who spent July 4, 2018 meeting with Russian officials in advance of President Trump's summit with ].		Granger was part of a group of eight Republicans who spent July 4, 2018 meeting with Russian officials in advance of President Trump's summit with ].
Line 89:		Line 87:

	==Personal life==		==Personal life==
	Granger has three children and five grandchildren.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=https://kaygranger.house.gov/about\|title=About\|date=2012~~-12-03~~\|website=Congresswoman Kay Granger\|language=en\|access-date=~~2019-11-~~23}}</ref> She is a member of ].<ref name=":0" />		Granger has three children and five grandchildren.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|url=https://kaygranger.house.gov/about\|title=About\|date=December 3, 2012\|website=Congresswoman Kay Granger\|language=en\|access-date=November 23, 2019}}</ref> She is a member of ].<ref name=":0" />

	==Honors==		==Honors==

Revision as of 06:34, 17 April 2020

Kay Granger


Ranking Member of the House Appropriations Committee
Incumbent
Assumed office January 3, 2019
Preceded by	Nita Lowey
Vice Chair of the House Republican Conference
In office January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009
Leader	John Boehner
Preceded by	Jack Kingston
Succeeded by	Cathy McMorris Rodgers
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 12th district
Incumbent
Assumed office January 3, 1997
Preceded by	Pete Geren
41st Mayor of Fort Worth
In office May 21, 1991 – December 19, 1995
Preceded by	Bob Bolen
Succeeded by	Jewell Woods (acting)

Personal details
Born	Norvell Kay Mullendore (1943-01-18) January 18, 1943 (age 81) Greenville, Texas, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Children	3
Education	Texas Wesleyan University (BA)

Norvell Kay Granger (née Mullendore; born January 18, 1943) is an American Republican politician from the U.S. state of Texas, representing its 12th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives. A former teacher and businesswoman, she is the first Republican woman to represent Texas in the U.S. House. After serving on the zoning commission of Fort Worth, Texas, in 1991 she was elected as the city's first female mayor, serving two terms to 1995.

Biography and career

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Granger was born in Greenville, Texas, and grew up in Fort Worth. She attended local public schools and Eastern Hills High School. She graduated from Texas Wesleyan University.

After Congressman Pete Geren announced he would retire in 1996, both the Democratic and Republican parties worked to recruit Granger to run for his seat. Republicans were bullish on their chances of winning Texas' 12th congressional district. It had once been represented by Democratic Speaker of the House Jim Wright, but legislative redistricting after the 1990 census had added areas with more Republican residents.

Granger ran as a Republican. She won handily, taking 56 percent of the vote over Democrat Hugh Parmer, also a former Fort Worth mayor. She was reelected in 1998 and faced serious opposition only in 2000. In 2008, Granger defeated Democratic challenger Tracey Smith with 67 percent of the vote.

In 2006 Granger published a book, What's Right About America, Celebrating Our Nation's Values, reflecting on lessons from prominent figures of United States history.

That year, she was reelected to her sixth term in Congress. She was elected as Conference Vice Chair, the fourth-ranking position among House Republicans, in November 2006. She has previously served as Chairwoman of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on State-Foreign Operations. She also sits on the United States House Committee on Appropriations's Subcommittee on Defense (the first woman to do so), and the Labor, Health, Human Services, and Education Subcommittee. She has also served as a House Deputy Whip.

On September 25, 2007, she publicly endorsed former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney in the primary race for the Republican Party presidential nomination. She also took up the position of national co-chair of the campaign organization Women for Mitt, filling a vacancy left by the death of Jennifer Dunn. In a statement to the press following her endorsement, she said that she had heard Romney speak and that "I agreed with everything he said, in the order he said it."

She is a member of the Board of Directors of the International Republican Institute and Southwestern University. She is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.

She is a member of the Board of Trustees for the Harry S. Truman Scholarship foundation.

Congressional committee assignments

Committee on Appropriations (Ranking Member)

Caucus memberships

Anti-Terrorism Caucus (Co-Chair)
United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus
Iraqi Women's Caucus (Co-Chair)
Sportsmen's Caucus
Congressional Arts Caucus
U.S.-Japan Caucus
House Baltic Caucus
Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus

Ideology and voting record

She is a member of the conservative Republican Study Committee. She is also a member of the Ripon Society, a moderate Republican group. The Washington Post described her as socially centrist, but fiscally conservative. Heritage Action, a conservative PAC, gave her a score of 59% conservative during the 115th Congress and a 57% lifetime score. In 2017, the Americans for Democratic Action, a liberal PAC, gave her a 15% rating. She has an 83% lifetime rating from the American Conservative Union. In 2013, the National Journal, a non-partisan organization, gave Granger a composite political ideology score of 73% conservative and 27% liberal. As of February 2020, she has voted with President Trump's position on legislative issues about 97% of the time.

Granger had identified as pro-abortion rights. She supported the Roe v. Wade decision. She reversed her position in 2020; she said she is now anti-abortion and signed an amicus brief asking the Supreme Court to overturn Roe. She described herself in 2007 on MSNBC as "a pro-choice Republican." The Wall Street Journal reported that she "supports abortion rights in limited cases." Granger's 1996 campaign was promoted by The WISH List, a pro-abortion rights PAC. The WISH List also supported her 2008 campaign. She received mixed ratings from groups that support legal abortion. Granger supported embryonic stem-cell research and voted against banning "chemically induced abortions." She previously voted to fund Planned Parenthood, but recently voted to defund the organization. She introduced legislation banning federal funding for abortion with exceptions for cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the woman. She supports banning abortion after 20 weeks. In 2013, she said abortion is not her top issue. She declined to cosponsor a bill to ban abortion after six weeks. In 2019, she signed a letter to President Trump urging him to "veto any appropriations bill that weakens current pro-life protections". She was endorsed by Texas Alliance for Life, an anti-abortion movement PAC. She was also endorsed by the Susan B. Anthony List for reelection. Speaking about women in the GOP, Granger said her party has a problem with too few women in Congress.

Granger has voted several times in favor of an amendment to the United States Constitution to make it a crime to physically desecrate the American flag. She supported the Federal Marriage Amendment to define marriage as only permitted between a man and a woman, and she also opposed same-sex couples being able to adopt. She was one of four Republicans in the House who did not vote for or against repealing Don't Ask Don't Tell, though she previously voted against other repeal proposals. In 2017, she said that she had "no comment" in response to President Trump's decision to ban transgender troops from the military. She did not vote for or against legislation opposing the ban of transgender troops.

In June 2013, Granger was among the members of Congress who voted to pass an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The amendment would continue to restrict the Pentagon from entering into new contracts with Russia's state arms broker, Rosoboronexport. In 2015, Rep. Granger opposed President Trump's candidacy saying, “He definitely should not be considered to speak for our nation as our President.” However, in 2020, she endorsed Trump's reelection and she was endorsed by President Trump.

Granger was part of a group of eight Republicans who spent July 4, 2018 meeting with Russian officials in advance of President Trump's summit with Vladimir Putin.

During her tenure, Granger has supported more than $50 million in earmarks to infrastructure projects in Fort Worth that benefited the Trinity River Vision Authority, an organization headed by her son.

Personal life

Granger has three children and five grandchildren. She is a member of The United Methodist Church.

Honors

In August 2007, Kay Granger Elementary School, named in her honor, opened in far north Fort Worth in the Northwest Independent School District.
Kay Granger Park was named for her. It is a city park located next to Mullendore Elementary, named for her mother, which was opened several years earlier in North Richland Hills.
She was elected to the Texas Women's Hall of Fame and the Fort Worth Business Hall of Fame.
She received the National Federation of Independent Business’ Champion of Small Business Award; the Manufacturing Legislative Excellence Award from the National Association of Manufacturers; as well as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Greater Fort Worth Home Builders Association.
In 1993, her high school recognized Granger as a distinguished alumnus.

References

Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas Birth Index, 1903-1997, roll number: 1943_0008
^ Kay Granger, USA Centers for Global Commercial & Investment Relations. Retrieved October 25, 2007. Archived July 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
Cottle, Michelle (January 24, 2014). "When Wendy Davis Was a Republican". The Daily Beast. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
"Mitt Romney's Free and Strong America PAC". Mittromney.com. November 9, 2009. Archived from the original on February 15, 2008. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
Granger endorses Romney and will co-chair Women for Mitt | Dallas Morning News | News for Dallas, Texas | Dallas-Fort Worth Politics | The Dallas Morning News Archived October 3, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
International Republican Institute web site, accessed July 16, 2010. Archived April 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
"Chairman Frelinghuysen Announces GOP Subcommittee Memberships for the 115th Congress | Committee on Appropriations, U.S. House of Representatives". appropriations.house.gov. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
"Our Members". U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus. Archived from the original on August 1, 2018. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
"Membership". Congressional Arts Caucus. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
"Members". U.S. - Japan Caucus. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
"Members". House Baltic Caucus. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
"Members". Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
"Member List". Republican Study Committee. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
"Advisory Board". The Ripon Society. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
"History". The Ripon Society. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
"Kay Granger (R-Tex.)". The Washington Post.
America, Heritage Action For (April 20, 2019). "Heritage Action for America". Heritage Action For America. Retrieved April 21, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved April 21, 2019.
"ACU Ratings". ACU Ratings. Retrieved December 25, 2019.
Bycoffe, Aaron (January 30, 2017). "Tracking Congress In The Age Of Trump". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
Ethridge, Emily (2015). Powerful Women: The 25 Most Influential Women in Congress (PDF). eBook: CQ Roll Call. p. 17.
"Election 2008: Who People in Texas Should Vote For". Esquire. October 16, 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
Ford, Lynne E. (2008). Encyclopedia of Women and American Politics. New York City: Facts on File Inc. p. 216. ISBN 9780816054916.
"20 Texas Congressional Members Call for Supreme Court Overrule of Roe v. Wade". The Texan. January 3, 2020. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (January 2, 2020). "More Than 200 Republicans Urge Supreme Court to Weigh Overturning Roe v. Wade". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
"Rep. Kay Granger and Challenger Chris Putnam Square Off at Republican Women's Forum". The Texan. February 4, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
Tinsley, Anna (February 10, 2020). "Kay Granger has Trump's support. Here's why it might not be enough to win her primary". Fort Worth Star-Telegram.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
"The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. September 25, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
"Kay Granger - Candidate for U.S. President, Republican Nomination - Election 2012". WSJ.com. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
"Republican Women Congressional Candidates | C-SPAN.org". www.c-span.org. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
"AllPolitics - Congressional Races - Texas District 12". www.cnn.com. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
"AllPolitics/CQ - Freshmen of the 105th Congress". www.cnn.com. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
"Wish List: All Recipients | OpenSecrets". www.opensecrets.org. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
Perks, Ashley (September 16, 2008). "The struggling, single mother of three who worked her way up in the House". TheHill. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
Malhi, Sabrina (September 11, 2018). "The stakes are sky-high for the pro-life cause in the upcoming midterms". TheHill. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
Levine, Samantha; Bureau, Copyright 2005 Houston Chronicle Washington (May 25, 2005). "House votes to expand stem cell research". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved April 14, 2019. {{cite web}}: |last2= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
"Chris Putnam Primary Bid Receives Big Endorsement, Attack Ads Purchased Targeting Rep. Kay Granger". The Texan. January 23, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
Granger, Kay (September 28, 2018). "H.R.6157 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019". www.congress.gov. Retrieved February 3, 2020.
"Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
"Republican Women Cringe As Men Lead Abortion Fight". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved December 27, 2019.
"House panel considers banning abortions at six weeks". Dallas News. November 1, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
"Letter to the Hon. Donald J. Trump, President of the United States - Lawmakers Urge the President to Veto Any Appropriations Bill that Weakens Current Pro-Life Protections". Votesmart.org. Retrieved November 23, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"Texas Alliance for Life Releases First Round of Endorsements for Federal Offices". Kay Granger for Congress. December 19, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
"SBA List Candidate Fund Endorses Kay Granger for Congress in TX-12". Susan B. Anthony List. January 6, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2020.
"Kay Granger, only GOP woman from Texas in Congress, keeps low profile but has plenty of influence". Dallas News. August 16, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
"Kay Granger on the Issues". www.ontheissues.org. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
"H.R. 2965 (111th): Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of ... -- House Vote #638 -- Dec 15, 2010". GovTrack.us. Retrieved December 25, 2019.
^ "The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
Livingston, Abby; Samuels, Alex; Essig, Chris (July 27, 2017). "Where do Texans in Congress stand on Trump's ban on transgender troops?". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved November 23, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Bowser-Soder, Brenda (June 14, 2013). "House Agrees to Amendment to Restrict U.S. Contracts with Syrian Regime Weapons Supplier". Human Rights First. Archived from the original on July 20, 2013. Retrieved July 20, 2013.
"Texas Congresswoman to Trump: Have You No Decency?". Roll Call. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
"Trump endorses Kay Granger, says she's 'strong supporter' of his agenda". Dallas News. December 17, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
"Public projects, private interests". Washington Post. February 7, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
^ "About". Congresswoman Kay Granger. December 3, 2012. Retrieved November 23, 2019.

External links

Congresswoman Kay Granger official U.S. House site
Kay Granger for Congress
Template:Curlie
Appearances on C-SPAN
Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
Profile at Vote Smart
Profile at the Texas Tribune

Political offices
Preceded byBob Bolen	Mayor of Fort Worth 1991–1995	Succeeded byJewell Woods Acting
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded byPete Geren	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 12th congressional district 1997–present	Incumbent
Preceded byNita Lowey	Ranking Member of the House Appropriations Committee 2019–present	Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded byJack Kingston	Vice Chair of the House Republican Conference 2007–2009	Succeeded byCathy McMorris Rodgers
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byDiana DeGette	United States Representatives by seniority 47th	Succeeded byRon Kind

Chairs and ranking members of United States House committees

Chairs (Republican)

Ranking Members (Democratic)

Administration: Bryan Steil
Agriculture: Glenn Thompson
Appropriations: Tom Cole
Armed Services: Mike Rogers
Budget: Jodey Arrington
Democracy Partnership (Commission): Vern Buchanan
Education and Workforce: Tim Walberg
Energy and Commerce: Brett Guthrie
Ethics: Michael Guest
Financial Services: French Hill
Foreign Affairs: Brian Mast
Homeland Security: Mark Green
Human Rights (Lantos Commission): Chris Smith
Intelligence (Permanent Select): Mike Turner
Judiciary: Jim Jordan
Natural Resources: Bruce Westerman
Oversight and Government Reform: Jim Comer
Rules: TBD
Science, Space and Technology: Brian Babin
Small Business: Roger Williams
Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party (Select): John Moolenaar
Transportation and Infrastructure: Sam Graves
Veterans' Affairs: Mike Bost
Ways and Means: Jason Smith

Administration: Joseph Morelle
Agriculture: Angie Craig
Appropriations: Rosa DeLauro
Armed Services: Adam Smith
Budget: Brendan Boyle
Democracy Partnership (Commission): Dina Titus
Education and Workforce: Bobby Scott
Energy and Commerce: Frank Pallone
Ethics: TBD
Financial Services: Maxine Waters
Foreign Affairs: Gregory Meeks
Homeland Security: Bennie Thompson
Human Rights (Lantos Commission): Jim McGovern
Intelligence (Permanent Select): Jim Himes
Judiciary: Jamie Raskin
Natural Resources: Jared Huffman
Oversight and Government Reform: Gerry Connolly
Rules: Jim McGovern
Science, Space and Technology: Zoe Lofgren
Small Business: Nydia Velázquez
Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party (Select): Raja Krishnamoorthi
Transportation and Infrastructure: Rick Larsen
Veterans' Affairs: Mark Takano
Ways and Means: Richard Neal

v t e Texas's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators	▌John Cornyn (R) ▌Ted Cruz (R)
Representatives (ordered by district)	▌Nathaniel Moran (R) ▌Dan Crenshaw (R) ▌Keith Self (R) ▌Pat Fallon (R) ▌Lance Gooden (R) ▌Jake Ellzey (R) ▌Lizzie Fletcher (D) ▌Morgan Luttrell (R) ▌Al Green (D) ▌Michael McCaul (R) ▌August Pfluger (R) ▌Craig Goldman (R) ▌Ronny Jackson (R) ▌Randy Weber (R) ▌Monica De La Cruz (R) ▌Veronica Escobar (D) ▌Pete Sessions (R) ▌Sylvester Turner (D) ▌Jodey Arrington (R) ▌Joaquin Castro (D) ▌Chip Roy (R) ▌Troy Nehls (R) ▌Tony Gonzales (R) ▌Beth Van Duyne (R) ▌Roger Williams (R) ▌Brandon Gill (R) ▌Michael Cloud (R) ▌Henry Cuellar (D) ▌Sylvia Garcia (D) ▌Jasmine Crockett (D) ▌John Carter (R) ▌Julie Johnson (D) ▌Marc Veasey (D) ▌Vicente Gonzalez (D) ▌Greg Casar (D) ▌Brian Babin (R) ▌Lloyd Doggett (D) ▌Wesley Hunt (R)

Texas's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

▌John Cornyn (R)
▌Ted Cruz (R)

Representatives
(ordered by district)

▌Nathaniel Moran (R)
▌Dan Crenshaw (R)
▌Keith Self (R)
▌Pat Fallon (R)
▌Lance Gooden (R)
▌Jake Ellzey (R)
▌Lizzie Fletcher (D)
▌Morgan Luttrell (R)
▌Al Green (D)
▌Michael McCaul (R)
▌August Pfluger (R)
▌Craig Goldman (R)
▌Ronny Jackson (R)
▌Randy Weber (R)
▌Monica De La Cruz (R)
▌Veronica Escobar (D)
▌Pete Sessions (R)
▌Sylvester Turner (D)
▌Jodey Arrington (R)
▌Joaquin Castro (D)
▌Chip Roy (R)
▌Troy Nehls (R)
▌Tony Gonzales (R)
▌Beth Van Duyne (R)
▌Roger Williams (R)
▌Brandon Gill (R)
▌Michael Cloud (R)
▌Henry Cuellar (D)
▌Sylvia Garcia (D)
▌Jasmine Crockett (D)
▌John Carter (R)
▌Julie Johnson (D)
▌Marc Veasey (D)
▌Vicente Gonzalez (D)
▌Greg Casar (D)
▌Brian Babin (R)
▌Lloyd Doggett (D)
▌Wesley Hunt (R)

Current members of the United States House of Representatives

Speaker: Mike Johnson

Majority

v t e Republican Party conference
Speaker: Mike Johnson ‧ Majority Leader: Steve Scalise ‧ Majority Whip: Tom Emmer
Other members: Aderholt Alford Allen Amodei Arrington Babin Bacon Baird Balderson Barr Barrett Baumgartner Bean Begich Bentz Bergman Bice A. Biggs S. Biggs Bilirakis Boebert Bost Brecheen Bresnahan Buchanan Burchett Burlison Calvert Cammack Carey B. Carter J. Carter Ciscomani Cline Cloud Clyde Cole Collins Comer Crane Crank Crawford Crenshaw Davidson De La Cruz DesJarlais Díaz-Balart Donalds Downing Dunn Edwards Ellzey Estes Evans Ezell Fallon Fedorchak Feenstra Finstad Fischbach Fitzgerald Fitzpatrick Fleischmann Flood Fong Foxx Franklin Fry Fulcher Garbarino Gill Giménez C. Goldman Gonzales Gooden Gosar Graves Green Greene Griffith Grothman Guest Guthrie Hageman Hamadeh Haridopolos Harrigan A. Harris M. Harris Harshbarger Hern Higgins Hill Hinson Houchin Hudson Huizenga Hunt Hurd Issa Jack R. Jackson James D. Johnson Jordan D. Joyce J. Joyce Kean M. Kelly T. Kelly M. Kennedy Kiggans Kiley Kim Knott Kustoff LaHood LaLota LaMalfa Langworthy Latta Lawler Lee Letlow Loudermilk Lucas Luna Luttrell Mace Mackenzie Malliotakis Maloy Mann Massie Mast McCaul McClain McClintock McCormick McDowell McGuire Messmer Meuser C. Miller Mary Miller Max Miller Miller-Meeks Mills Moolenaar Ba. Moore Bl. Moore R. Moore T. Moore Moran Murphy Nehls Newhouse Norman Nunn Obernolte Ogles Onder Owens Palmer Perry Pfluger Reschenthaler H. Rogers M. Rogers Rose Rouzer Roy Rulli Rutherford Salazar Schmidt Schweikert A. Scott Self Sessions Shreve Simpson A. Smith C. Smith J. Smith Smucker Spartz Stauber Stefanik Steil Steube Strong Stutzman Taylor Tenney Thompson Tiffany Timmons Turner Valadao Van Drew Van Duyne Van Orden Wagner Walberg Waltz Weber Webster Westerman Wied R. Williams Wilson Wittman Womack Yakym Zinke
Delegates: King-Hinds Moylan Radewagen

Minority

v t e Democratic Party caucus
Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries ‧ Minority Whip: Katherine Clark
Other members: Adams Aguilar Amo Ansari Auchincloss Balint Barragán Beatty Bell Bera Beyer Bishop Bonamici Boyle Brown Brownley Budzinski Bynum Carbajal Carson T. Carter Casar Case Casten Castor Castro Cherfilus-McCormick Chu Cisneros Clarke Cleaver Clyburn Cohen Conaway Connolly Correa Costa Courtney Craig Crockett Crow Cuellar Davids Da. Davis Do. Davis Dean DeGette DeLauro DelBene Deluzio DeSaulnier Dexter Dingell Doggett Elfreth Escobar Espaillat Evans Fields Figures Fletcher Foster Foushee Frankel Friedman Frost Garamendi C. García R. Garcia S. Garcia Gillen Golden D. Goldman Gomez Gonzalez Goodlander Gottheimer Green Gray Grijalva Harder Hayes Himes Horsford Houlahan Hoyer Hoyle Huffman Ivey J. Jackson Jacobs Jayapal H. Johnson J. Johnson Kamlager-Dove Kaptur Keating R. Kelly T. Kennedy Khanna Krishnamoorthi Landsman Larsen Larson Latimer Sum. Lee Sus. Lee Leger Fernandez Levin Liccardo Lieu Lofgren Lynch Magaziner Mannion Matsui McBath McBride McClain-Delaney McClellan McCollum McDonald Rivet McGarvey McGovern McIver Meeks Menendez Meng Mfume Min Moore Morelle Morrison Moskowitz Moulton Mrvan Mullin Nadler Neal Neguse Norcross Ocasio-Cortez Olszewski Omar Pallone Panetta Pappas Pelosi Perez Peters Pettersen Pingree Pocan Pou Pressley Quigley Ramirez Randall Raskin Riley Rivas Ross Ruiz Ryan Salinas Sánchez Scanlon Schakowsky Schneider Scholten Schrier B. Scott D. Scott Sewell Sherman Sherrill Simon Smith Sorensen Soto Stansbury Stanton Stevens Strickland Subramanyam Suozzi Swalwell Sykes Takano Thanedar B. Thompson M. Thompson Titus Tlaib Tokuda Tonko N. Torres R. Torres Trahan Tran Turner Underwood Vargas Vasquez Veasey Velázquez Vindman Wasserman Schultz Waters Watson Coleman Whitesides Williams Wilson
Delegates: Holmes Norton Plaskett Rivera

Texas Women's Hall of Fame

1980s

1984	Christia Adair Kate Atkinson Bell Vivian Castleberry Lila Cockrell Clotilde Pérez García Jeane Porter Hester Oveta Culp Hobby Mary Evelyn Blagg Huey Sarah T. Hughes Lady Bird Johnson Barbara Jordan Amy Freeman Lee
1985	Benjy Frances Brooks Patricia Happ Buffler Liz Carpenter Grace Woodruff Cartwright Helen Farabee Maria Elena Flood Willie Lee Glass Lydia Mendoza Jenny Lind Porter Louise Raggio Ann Richards Edna Gardner Whyte
1986	Anne Armstrong Mary Kay Ash Caro Crawford Brown Alicia Chacon Jody Conradt Margaret Cousins Wilhelmina Ruth Delco Frances Goff Mary Lavinia Griffith May Owen Sally Ride Ada Simond Hermine Tobolowsky
1987	Lucy G. Acosta Ruth Sharp Altshuler Margaret Harris Amsler Johnnie Benson Tommie Clack Kim Dawson Lillian Dunlap Elithe Hamilton Kirkland Donna Lopiano Katie Sherrod Donnya Stephens Dora Dougherty Strother Mary Nan West
1988	Nancy Brinker Margaret Pease Harper Ninfa Laurenzo Lane Murray Louise Ritter Ruth Taubert Seeger Bert Kruger Smith Eleanor Tinsley
1989	Barbara Bush Judith Craven Gussie Nell Davis Margaret Swan Forbes L. Ruth Guy Terry Hershey Lucia Rede Madrid Jane Wetzel

1990s

1993	Linda Louise Craft Ernestine Glossbrenner Gabrielle Kirk McDonald Eleanor Montague Aaronetta Hamilton Pierce Gloria G. Rodriguez Annette Strauss
1994	Rosa Ramirez Guerrero Irma Rangel Mary Beth Rogers Bess Whitehead Scott Hallie Stillwell Francie Larrieu Smith Alvia Wardlaw Martha Wong Eleanor Anne Young
1996	Ebby Halliday Acers Rita Crocker Clements Zina Garrison Sybil Harrington Kay Bailey Hutchison Vassar Miller Helen Oujesky Ruby Lee Piester Dian Graves Stai S. Eva Singletary
1998	Norma Lea Beasley Shirley Thompson Carter Elizabeth Lyons Ghrist Kay Granger Dixie Melillo Diana Natalicio Marsha Sharp

2000s

2000	Tillie Burgin Carol Dinkins Anna Maria Farias Juliet V. García Glenna Goodacre Wendy Harpham Jinger L. Heath Dealey Herndon Mamie L. McKnight Jo Stewart Randel Judy Rankin
2002	Karen Hughes Mae Jemison Angela Murdaugh Ann Williams
2004	Susan Combs Trinidad Mendenhall Mary Meyers Rosenfield Sheryl Swoopes
2006	Amanda Dunbar Kathleen Foster Shirley Neeley Ellen Vitetta
2008	Elsa Murano Sandra Day O'Connor Carolyn Peterson Louise Hopkins Underwood Huda Zoghbi

2010s

2010	Nancy W. Dickey Erma Johnson Hadley Teresa Lozano Long Judy Castle Scott Pamela Willeford
2012	Barbara Smith Conrad Anne Corn Nina Godiwalla Harriet O'Neill Mary Saunders
2014	Nandita Berry Joanne Herring Kim Olson Anita Perry Ann Stuart Senfronia Thompson Deborah Tucker Carolyn Wright
2016	Emma Carter Browning Susie Hitchcock-Hall Ginger Kerrick Renu Khator Selena
2018	Simone Biles Laura Bush Vikki Carr Susan Dell Tammie Jo Shults Elizabeth Anne Sueltenfuss Judith Zaffirini

2020s

2021	Lauren Anderson Charlye O. Farris Dawn Ferrell Ofelia Vasquez-Philo Kendra Scott Elaine Stolte
2023	Leta Andrews Mary Horn Val LaMantia Opal Lee Lavinia Masters Antonietta Quigg Charlotte Sharp Elizabeth Suarez

Texas's delegation(s) to the 105th–116th United States Congress (ordered by seniority)

105th	Senate: ▌P. Gramm (R) · ▌K. Hutchison (R)	House: ▌H. González (D) ▌B. Archer (R) ▌M. Frost (D) ▌C. Stenholm (D) ▌R. Hall (D) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌D. Armey (R) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Combest (R) ▌T. DeLay (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌H. Bonilla (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌F. Tejeda (D) ▌K. Bentsen (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌N. Lampson (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌M. Sandlin (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Turner (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D)
106th	Senate: ▌P. Gramm (R) · ▌K. Hutchison (R)	House: ▌B. Archer (R) ▌M. Frost (D) ▌C. Stenholm (D) ▌R. Hall (D) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌D. Armey (R) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Combest (R) ▌T. DeLay (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌H. Bonilla (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌K. Bentsen (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌N. Lampson (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌M. Sandlin (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Turner (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D) ▌C. Gonzalez (D)
107th	Senate: ▌P. Gramm (R) ▌K. Hutchison (R) ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌M. Frost (D) ▌C. Stenholm (D) ▌R. Hall (D) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌D. Armey (R) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Combest (R) ▌T. DeLay (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌H. Bonilla (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌K. Bentsen (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌N. Lampson (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌M. Sandlin (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Turner (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R)
108th	Senate: ▌K. Hutchison (R) · ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌M. Frost (D) ▌C. Stenholm (D) ▌R. Hall (D) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Combest (R) ▌T. DeLay (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌H. Bonilla (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌N. Lampson (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌M. Sandlin (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Turner (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌C. Bell (D) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R)
109th	Senate: ▌K. Hutchison (R) · ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌R. Hall (R) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌T. DeLay (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌H. Bonilla (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌S. Sekula-Gibbs (R)
110th	Senate: ▌K. Hutchison (R) · ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌R. Hall (R) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌N. Lampson (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R)
111th	Senate: ▌K. Hutchison (R) · ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌R. Hall (R) ▌S. Ortiz (D) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌C. Edwards (D) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌C. Rodriguez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌P. Olson (R)
112th	Senate: ▌K. Hutchison (R) · ▌J. Cornyn (R)	House: ▌R. Hall (R) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌R. Paul (R) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌S. Reyes (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌C. Gonzalez (D) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌P. Olson (R) ▌Q. Canseco (R) ▌B. Farenthold (R) ▌B. Flores (R)
113th	Senate: ▌J. Cornyn (R) · ▌T. Cruz (R)	House: ▌R. Hall (R) ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌P. Olson (R) ▌B. Farenthold (R) ▌B. Flores (R) ▌S. Stockman (R) ▌J. Castro (D) ▌P. Gallego (D) ▌B. O'Rourke (D) ▌M. Veasey (D) ▌F. Vela Jr. (D) ▌R. Weber (R) ▌R. Williams (R)
114th	Senate: ▌J. Cornyn (R) · ▌T. Cruz (R)	House: ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌R. Hinojosa (D) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌R. Neugebauer (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌P. Olson (R) ▌B. Farenthold (R) ▌B. Flores (R) ▌J. Castro (D) ▌B. O'Rourke (D) ▌M. Veasey (D) ▌F. Vela Jr. (D) ▌R. Weber (R) ▌R. Williams (R) ▌B. Babin (R) ▌W. Hurd (R) ▌J. Ratcliffe (R)
115th	Senate: ▌J. Cornyn (R) · ▌T. Cruz (R)	House: ▌J. Barton (R) ▌L. Smith (R) ▌S. Johnson (R) ▌G. Green (D) ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌P. Sessions (R) ▌J. Culberson (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌J. Hensarling (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌T. Poe (R) ▌P. Olson (R) ▌B. Farenthold (R) ▌B. Flores (R) ▌J. Castro (D) ▌B. O'Rourke (D) ▌M. Veasey (D) ▌F. Vela Jr. (D) ▌R. Weber (R) ▌R. Williams (R) ▌B. Babin (R) ▌W. Hurd (R) ▌J. Ratcliffe (R) ▌J. Arrington (R) ▌V. Gonzalez (D) ▌M. Cloud (R)
116th	Senate: ▌J. Cornyn (R) · ▌T. Cruz (R)	House: ▌E. B. Johnson (D) ▌L. Doggett (D) ▌S. Jackson Lee (D) ▌M. Thornberry (R) ▌K. Brady (R) ▌K. Granger (R) ▌M. Burgess (R) ▌J. Carter (R) ▌M. Conaway (R) ▌H. Cuellar (D) ▌L. Gohmert (R) ▌A. Green (D) ▌K. Marchant (R) ▌M. McCaul (R) ▌P. Olson (R) ▌B. Flores (R) ▌J. Castro (D) ▌M. Veasey (D) ▌F. Vela Jr. (D) ▌R. Weber (R) ▌R. Williams (R) ▌B. Babin (R) ▌W. Hurd (R) ▌J. Ratcliffe (R) ▌J. Arrington (R) ▌V. Gonzalez (D) ▌M. Cloud (R) ▌C. Allred (D) ▌D. Crenshaw (R) ▌V. Escobar (D) ▌S. Garcia (D) ▌L. Gooden (R) ▌L. Fletcher (D) ▌C. Roy (R) ▌V. Taylor (R) ▌R. Wright (R)

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