| 119th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
| 118th ←→ 120th | |
 United States Capitol (2024) | |
January 3, 2025 – January 3, 2027 | |
| Members | 100 senators 435 representatives 6 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Kamala Harris (D) (until January 20, 2025) JD Vance (R) (from January 20, 2025) |
| House majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | Mike Johnson (R) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: January 3, 2025 – present | |
The 119th United States Congress is the current term of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2025, and will end on January 3, 2027, beginning its term during the final weeks of Joe Biden's presidency and the first two years of Donald Trump's second presidency.
As a result of the 2024 elections, the Republican Party retained its slim majority in the House, won the majority in the Senate, and upon the inauguration of Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, will have an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 115th Congress in 2017, which was in session during Trump's first term.
The 119th Congress has only three states (Maine, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin) with senators from different parties, the lowest number of split delegations since direct popular election of senators began in 1914. The majority's margin in the House is smaller than the margin in the Senate for the first time in modern politics.
Major events
- January 3, 2025, 12 p.m. EST: Congress convenes. Members-elect of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives are sworn in. Mike Johnson is re-elected House speaker.
- January 6, 2025: Joint session to count electoral votes and certify the 2024 United States presidential election.
- January 9, 2025: The funeral of former President Jimmy Carter is scheduled to take place.
- January 20, 2025: The second inauguration of Donald Trump will take place.
- July 4, 2026: United States Semiquincentennial.
Party summary
- Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section:
Senate party composition
|
| Party(shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Independent | Republican | |||
| End of previous Congress | 47 | 4 | 49 | 100 | 0 |
| Begin (January 3, 2025) | 45 | 2 | 52 | 99 | 1 |
| Current voting share | 47.5% | 53.5% | |||
House party composition
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| Party(shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Republican | |||
| End of previous Congress | 210 | 219 | 429 | 6 |
| Begin (January 3, 2025) | 215 | 219 | 434 | 1 |
| Current voting share | 49.5% | 50.5% | ||
| Non-voting members | 3 | 3 | 6 | 0 |
Leadership
Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".
Senate leadership
Senate Presidents.jpg)
Kamala Harris (D),until January 20, 2025
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JD Vance (R),starting January 20, 2025
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Chuck Grassley (R)
Senate presiding officers
- President:
- Kamala Harris (D) – until January 20, 2025
- JD Vance (R) – starting January 20, 2025
- President pro tempore: Chuck Grassley (R)
Senate Majority (Republican) leadership
- Majority Leader: John Thune (SD)
- Majority Whip: John Barrasso (WY)
- Chair of the Senate Republican Conference: Tom Cotton (AR)
- Chair of the Senate Republican Policy Committee: Shelley Moore Capito (WV)
- Vice Chair of the Senate Republican Conference: James Lankford (OK)
- Chair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee: Tim Scott (SC)
- Chair of the Senate Republican Steering Committee: Mike Lee (UT)
- Chief Deputy Whip: Mike Crapo (ID)
Senate Minority (Democratic) leadership
- Minority Leader and Chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Chuck Schumer (NY)
- Minority Whip: Dick Durbin (IL)
- Chair of the Senate Democratic Steering and Policy Committee: Amy Klobuchar (MN)
- Chair of the Strategic Communications Committee: Cory Booker (NJ)
- Vice Chairs of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Elizabeth Warren (MA) and Mark Warner (VA)
- Chair of the Senate Democratic Outreach Committee: Bernie Sanders (VT)
- Secretary of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Tammy Baldwin (WI)
- Chair of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee: TBA
- Vice Chair of the Senate Democratic Outreach Committee: Catherine Cortez Masto (NV)
- Deputy Secretaries of the Senate Democratic Caucus: Brian Schatz (HI) and Chris Murphy (CT)
- Chief Deputy Whip: Brian Schatz (HI)
- President pro tempore emerita: Patty Murray (WA)
House leadership
Mike Johnson (R)
House presiding officer
- Speaker: Mike Johnson (R)
House Majority (Republican) leadership
- Majority Leader: Steve Scalise (LA 1)
- Majority Whip: Tom Emmer (MN 6)
- Chair of the House Republican Conference: Lisa McClain (MI 9)
- Chair of the National Republican Congressional Committee: Richard Hudson (NC 9)
- Chair of the House Republican Policy Committee: Kevin Hern (OK 1)
- Vice Chair of the House Republican Conference: Blake Moore (UT 1)
- Secretary of the House Republican Conference: Erin Houchin (IN 9)
- Chief Deputy Whip: Guy Reschenthaler (PA 14)
- Sophomore Elected Leadership Committee Representative: Russell Fry (SC 7)
- Freshman Elected Leadership Committee Representative: Riley Moore (WV 2)
House Minority (Democratic) leadership
- Minority Leader and Chair of the House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee: Hakeem Jeffries (NY 8)
- Minority Whip: Katherine Clark (MA 5)
- Chair of the House Democratic Caucus: Pete Aguilar (CA 33)
- Assistant Democratic Leader: Joe Neguse (CO 2)
- Vice Chair of the House Democratic Caucus: Ted Lieu (CA 36)
- Chair of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee: Suzan DelBene (WA 1)
- Chair of the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: Debbie Dingell (MI 6)
- Co-Chairs of the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee: Maxwell Frost (FL 10), Lori Trahan (MA 3), and Lauren Underwood (IL 14)
- Junior Caucus Leadership Representative: Robert Garcia (CA 42)
- Battleground Leadership Representative: Susie Lee (NV 3)
- Freshman Class Leadership Representative: Luz Rivas (CA 29)
- Co-Chairs of the House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee: Nanette Barragán (CA 44), Robin Kelly (IL 2), and Debbie Wasserman Schultz (FL 25)
- Speaker emerita: Nancy Pelosi (CA 11)
Members
Senate members
For year of birth, when first took office, prior background, and education, see List of current United States senators. Contents- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2024 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2030; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2026; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2028.
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House members
Further information: List of current members of the United States House of RepresentativesAll 435 seats were filled by election in November 2024.
Contents- Alabama
- Alaska
- Arizona
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Florida
- Georgia
- Hawaii
- Idaho
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- Montana
- Nebraska
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New Mexico
- New York
- North Carolina
- North Dakota
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- South Dakota
- Tennessee
- Texas
- Utah
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Washington
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
- Wyoming
- Non-voting members
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Changes in membership
Senate membership changes
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate| State (class) |
Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Virginia (1) |
Vacant | Senator-elect chose to wait until finishing his term as Governor of West Virginia before taking his seat, which will be vacant until that time. | Jim Justice (R) |
After January 13, 2025 |
| Ohio (3) |
JD Vance (R) |
Incumbent will resign before January 20, 2025, to become Vice President of the United States. Successor will be appointed to continue the term until a special election is held in 2026. |
||
| Florida (3) |
Marco Rubio (R) |
Incumbent will resign on a date TBD, to become United States Secretary of State, if confirmed by the Senate. Successor will be appointed to continue the term until a special election is held in 2026. |
House membership changes
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida 1 | Vacant | Matt Gaetz (R) declined to take office after being re-elected. A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. |
||
| Florida 6 | Michael Waltz (R) |
Incumbent will resign on January 20, 2025, to become National Security Advisor. A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. |
||
| New York 21 | Elise Stefanik (R) |
Incumbent will resign on a date TBD, to become U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, if confirmed by the Senate. A special election will be held on a date TBD. |
Committees
Senate committees
Main article: List of United States Senate committeesHouse committees
Main article: List of United States House of Representatives committeesJoint committees
Main article: List of current United States congressional joint committees| Committee | Chair | Vice Chair | Ranking Member | Vice Ranking Member |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic | TBD | Sen. Eric Schmitt (R-MO) | Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-NH) | TBD |
| Inaugural Ceremonies (Special) Until January 20, 2025 |
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) | Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) | Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) | Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE) |
| Library | TBD | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) | TBD |
| Printing | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | TBD | TBD | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) |
| Taxation | Rep. Jason Smith (R-MO) | Sen. Mike Crapo (R-ID) | Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) | Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA) |
Officers and officials
Congressional officers
- Architect of the Capitol: Thomas Austin
- Attending Physician: Brian P. Monahan
Senate officers
- Chaplain: Barry Black
- Curator: Melinda Smith
- Historian: Katherine Scott
- Librarian: Leona I. Faust
- Parliamentarian: TBD
- Secretary: TBD
- Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper: TBD
House officers
- Chaplain: Margaret G. Kibben
- Chief Administrative Officer: TBD
- Clerk: Kevin McCumber
- Historian: Matthew Wasniewski
- Parliamentarian: Jason Smith
- Reading Clerks: Tylease Alli (D) and Susan Cole (R)
- Sergeant at Arms: TBD
Elections
- 2024 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 2026 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
See also
Notes
- Vice President Kamala Harris's term as President of the Senate will end at noon January 20, 2025, when JD Vance's term is scheduled to begin.
- Bernie Sanders (I-VT) is a member of the Senate Democratic Caucus alongside Peter Welch.
- All self-identified independents caucus with the Democrats.
- In West Virginia, senator-elect Jim Justice (R) delaying taking his seat to on or after January 13, 2025, to finish his term as Governor of West Virginia.
- In Florida's 1st district: Matt Gaetz (R) resigned during the previous Congress after winning re-election and chose not to take office in the 119th Congress.
- Includes a Popular Democratic Party member who is also affiliated as a Democrat.
- Marco Rubio was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Secretary of State in his second term. Once he is set to be confirmed, he will vacate his Senate seat and governor Ron DeSantis will appoint an interim successor.
- ^ The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is the Minnesota affiliate of the U.S. Democratic Party and its members are counted as Democrats.
- JD Vance was elected vice president of the United States in the 2024 presidential election. He is set to vacate his Senate seat on or before January 20, 2025, and governor Mike DeWine will appoint an interim successor.
- Elise Stefanik was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Ambassador to the United Nations in his second term. Once she is set to be confirmed, she will resign her seat, and a special election will be held TBD.
- Puerto Rico's non-voting member, the Resident Commissioner, is elected every four years. This is the only member of the House to serve four-year terms.
- ^ When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
- The Joint Taxation Committee leadership rotate the chair and vice chair and the ranking members between the House and Senate at the start of each session in the middle of the congressional term. The first session leadership is shown here.
References
- DeSilver, Drew (November 26, 2024). "2024 elections show more partisan splits between states' presidential and Senate votes than in recent past". Pew Research Center. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
- Beggin, Riley (January 3, 2025). "Mike Johnson reelected as House speaker with support from President-elect Donald Trump". USA Today. Retrieved January 3, 2025.
- Shabad, Rebecca (November 22, 2024). "Matt Gaetz says he doesn't plan to rejoin Congress after withdrawing as Trump's pick for attorney general". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 22, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
- "Thune elected to replace McConnell as next Senate GOP leader". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
- "Sen. Lee responds to possibility of Trump administration post". November 7, 2024.
- "Trump's low-key Senate partner in tax battles". Politico. November 7, 2024.
- King, Ryan (December 3, 2024). "Chuck Schumer unanimously reelected Senate Dem leader". Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- "Schumer reelected as Senate Democratic leader". POLITICO. December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- "Durbin Announces Senate Democratic Whip Operations For 119th Congress". Dick Durbin United States Senator Illinois Newsroom. December 4, 2024. Retrieved December 9, 2024.
- "House GOP nominates Johnson for speaker, taps McClain for conference chair". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 20, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
- "House Democrats hold low-fuss leadership elections". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
- Carney, Jordain (December 26, 2024). "Justice's Senate plan". Politico. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
- "JD Vance elected Vice President". CNN. November 6, 2024. Archived from the original on November 6, 2024. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
- "Replacing Vance in Senate will be DeWine's decision". The Review. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
- Whisnant, Gabe (November 11, 2024). "Marco Rubio to Be Picked as Donald Trump's Secretary of State". Newsweek. Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
- "DeSantis aims to appoint Marco Rubio's Senate replacement by early January". APnews. November 18, 2024. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
- McIntire, Mary Ellen (November 22, 2024). "Matt Gaetz says he won't return to Congress next year". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 23, 2024. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
- Faguy, Ana (November 11, 2024). "Trump taps Michael Waltz as next US national security adviser". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
- Brooks, Emily (November 25, 2024). "Mike Waltz to resign from House day of inauguration to join Trump administration". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
- Nelson, Steven (November 11, 2024). "Trump confirms NYer Elise Stefanik will be his enforcer at the UN: 'Strong, tough, and smart'". New York Post. Archived from the original on November 11, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
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