Chemical compound
Pharmaceutical compoundBW-A444 Legal status Legal status
Identifiers
IUPAC name
2,2'-]bisisoquinolinium] dichloride
CAS Number ChemSpider Chemical and physical data Formula C62 H78 Cl2 N2 O14 Molar mass 1146.21 g·mol 3D model (JSmol )
SMILES
..O=C(OCCC2(C)C(c1cc(OC)c(OC)cc1CC2)Cc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OC)c3)\C=C\c4ccc(cc4)\C=C\C(=O)OCCC6(C(c5c(cc(OC)c(OC)c5)CC6)Cc7cc(OC)c(OC)c(OC)c7)C
InChI
InChI=1S/C62H78N2O14.2ClH/c1-63(27-23-45-37-51(67-3)53(69-5)39-47(45)49(63)31-43-33-55(71-7)61(75-11)56(34-43)72-8)25-13-29-77-59(65)21-19-41-15-17-42(18-16-41)20-22-60(66)78-30-14-26-64(2)28-24-46-38-52(68-4)54(70-6)40-48(46)50(64)32-44-35-57(73-9)62(76-12)58(36-44)74-10;;/h15-22,33-40,49-50H,13-14,23-32H2,1-12H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2/b21-19+,22-20+;; Key:UNQYVYCAHVEHIT-JXYRNBIZSA-L
BW A444U was an experimental neuromuscular blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs , intended to be used adjunctively in surgical anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation . It was synthesized and developed in the early 1980s.
BW A444U represented the first-generation of tetrahydroisoquinoline neuromuscular-blocking drugs that are nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists or antinicotinics . It was an intermediate-duration non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant. It was synthesized by Mary M. Jackson and James C. Wisowaty, PhD (both chemists within the Chemical Development Laboratories at Burroughs Wellcome Co. , Research Triangle Park, NC ) in collaboration with John J. Savarese MD (who at the time was an anesthesiologist in the Dept. of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School at the Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA).
The drug was tested clinically in the early 1980s, and quickly abandoned from further clinical development after a single clinical study, owing primarily to undesirable effects of histamine release when administered at clinically relevant doses.
References
^ Savarese JJ, Ali HH, Basta SJ, Sunder N, Moss J, Gionfriddo MA, Lineberry CG, Wastila WB, El-Sayad HA, Montague D, Braswell L (1983). "The clinical pharmacology of BW A444U. A nondepolarizing ester relaxant of intermediate duration" . Anesthesiology . 58 (4): 333–341. doi :10.1097/00000542-198304000-00006 . PMID 6220623 . S2CID 22212818 .
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators nAChRs Tooltip Nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsAgonists (and PAMs Tooltip positive allosteric modulators)
5-HIAA
6-Chloronicotine
A-84,543
A-366,833
A-582,941
A-867,744
ABT-202
ABT-418
ABT-560
ABT-894
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Altinicline
Anabasine
Anatabine
Anatoxin-a
AR-R17779
Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
Butinoline
Butyrylcholine
Carbachol
Choline
Choline m-bromophenyl ether
Cotinine
Cytisine
Decamethonium
Desformylflustrabromine
Dianicline
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium
Epibatidine
Epiboxidine
Ethanol (alcohol)
Ethoxysebacylcholine
EVP-4473
EVP-6124
Galantamine
GTS-21
Ispronicline
Ivermectin
JNJ-39393406
Levamisole
Lobeline
MEM-63,908 (RG-3487)
Morantel
Nicotine (tobacco )
NS-1738
PHA-543,613
PHA-709,829
PNU-120,596
PNU-282,987
Pozanicline
Pyrantel
Rivanicline
RJR-2429
Sazetidine A
SB-206553
Sebacylcholine
SIB-1508Y
SIB-1553A
SSR-180,711
Suberyldicholine
Suxamethonium (succinylcholine)
Suxethonium (succinyldicholine)
TC-1698
TC-1734
TC-1827
TC-2216
TC-5214
TC-5619
TC-6683
Tebanicline
Tribendimidine
Tropisetron
UB-165
Varenicline
WAY-317,538
XY-4083
Antagonists (and NAMs Tooltip negative allosteric modulators)
Precursors (and prodrugs )
See also
Receptor/signaling modulators
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators
Categories :
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