List of monarchs of Laos - Misplaced Pages

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King of Laos
Royal Coat of arms


Details
Style	His Royal Majesty
First monarch	Fa Ngum
Last monarch	Sisavang Vatthana
Formation	1353 (Kingdom of Lan Xang)
Abolition	2 December 1975 (Lao People's Democratic Republic)
Residence	Royal Palace, Luang Prabang
Appointer	Hereditary
Pretender(s)	Soulivong Savang

The Lao People's Democratic Republic is the modern state derived from the final Kingdom of Laos. The political source of Lao history and cultural identity is the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang, which during its apogee emerged as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Lao history is filled with frequent conflict and warfare, but infrequent scholarly attention. The resulting dates and references are approximate, and rely on source material from court chronicles which survived both war and neglect, or outside sources from competing neighboring kingdoms in what are now China, Vietnam, Burma, Thailand, and Cambodia.

Lao kingship was based upon the mandala system established by the example of King Ashoka. In theory, Lao kings and their successors were chosen by agreement of the king's Sena (a council which could include senior royal family members, ministers, generals and senior members of the sangha or clergy), through the validity the king's lineage, and by personal Dharma through commitment to propagating Theravada Buddhism (the king was literally a Dharmaraja- as one who led by acts of religious virtue). Kingship was not based exclusively on primogeniture or divine right as was common in other monarchies.

The monarchy traces its lineage to Chao Fa Ngum, who founded the Kingdom of Lan Xang in 1353 and beyond that to the mythical Khun Borom who was held as the mythical father of the Tai peoples and the progenitor of the Lao Loum.

Lan Xang endured as a politically unified entity for three hundred years (1353–1694), which was then split into the kingdoms of Vientiane, Luang Prabang, and Champasak, only to be reconstituted as a unified constitutional monarchy under a French protectorate in 1946. At various times the kingdom Lan Xang fought off invasions from Burma, Siam and the Đại Việt.

The traditional capital of Lan Xang was at Luang Prabang until it was moved in 1560 by King Setthathirath to better administer the growing population and provide security in facing threats from Burma and Siam. Lan Xang entered a Golden Age during the reigns of Visunarat (1501–1520) and Sourigna Vongsa from (1637–94), during these times the cultural and economic power of the kingdom were at their greatest. In 1828 Vientiane was razed by the Siamese, in retaliation for the Chao Anouvong Rebellion, at which point the kingdom of Vientiane ceased to exist. During the French Protectorate, Luang Prabang was reestablished as the cultural and religious capital, while the French rebuilt Vientiane as the country's administrative capital.

Ancient period (68–1431)

Funan (68–627)

Order	Monarch	Name in foreign texts	Reign
1	Queen Soma	Chinese Call: Liǔyè (traditional Khmer call: Neang Neak)	68 – later 1st century
2	Kaundinya I	Chinese Call: Hùntián (traditional Khmer call: Preah Tong)	later 1st century
3	Native name unknown	Hun Pan-huang	later 2nd century – 198
4	Native name unknown	Hun Pan-pan	198–201
5	Srei Meara	Fan Shiman [zh]	201–225
6	Native name unknown	Fan Jinsheng [zh]	225
7	Native name unknown	Fan Zhan [zh]	225–244
8	Native name unknown	Fan Chang [zh]	244
9	Native name unknown	Fan Xun [zh]	244–289
Unknown rulers: 289–c.357
10	Candana	Tiānzhú Zhāntán	c.357
Unknown rulers: c.357–410
11	Kaundinya II	Qiáochénrú	410–434
12	Srindravarman [ru]	Chílítuóbámó	434–435
Unknown rulers: 435–484
13	Jayavarman Kaundinya	Shéyébámó	484–514
14	Queen Kulaprabhavati	Chinese name unknown	514–517
15	Rudravarman	Liútuóbámó	514–550
Unknown rulers: 550–627

Source:

Chenla (550–802)

Order	Monarch	Personal name	Reign
1	Srutavarman	Srutavarman	550–555
2	Sreshthavarman	Sreshthavarman	555–560
3	Vīravarman	Viravarman	560–575
4	Queen Kambuja-raja-lakshmi	Kambujarajalakshmi	575–580
5	Bhavavarman I	Bhavavarman	580–600
6	Mahendravarman	Chet Sen	600–616
7	Isanavarman I	Isanavarman	616–635
8	Bhavavarman II	Bhavavarman	639–657
9	Jayavarman I	Jayavarman	657–681
10	Queen Jayadevi	Jayadevi	c.681–713
Female successors of Upper Chenla (Land Chenla)
11	Queen Indrani	Indrani	c.713–760
12	Queen Nṛpatendradevī	Nrpatendradevi	c.760–780
13	Queen Jayendrabhā	Jayendrabha	c.780–802
14	Queen Jyeṣṭhāryā	Jyestharya	c.802–803
Male successors of Lower Chenla (Water Chenla)
11	Pushkaraksha [fr]	Pushkaraksha	c.713–730
12	Shambhuvarman [fr]	Shambhuvarman	c.730–760
13	Rajendravarman I [fr]	Rajendravarman	c.760–770
14	Mahipativarman	Mahipativarman	c.770–780
15	Jayavarman II	Jayavarman	c.780–802

Source:

List of rulers

Reign	King	Capital	Information and events
802–835	Jayavarman II	Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya	Proclaimed the independence of Kambuja from Java. Claimed as Chakravartin through sacred Hindu ritual on Phnom Kulen and initiating Devaraja cult in Cambodia.
835–877	Jayavarman III	Hariharalaya	Son of Jayavarman II
877–889	Indravarman I	Hariharalaya	Nephew of Jayavarman II. Built Preah Ko dedicated to Jayavarman II, also for his father and his grand father. Constructed temple mountain Bakong.
889–910	Yasovarman I	Hariharalaya, Yasodharapura	Son of Indravarman I. Built Indratataka Baray and Lolei. Moved the capital to Yasodharapura centred around Phnom Bakheng, and also built Yashodharatataka.
910–923	Harshavarman I	Yasodharapura	Son of Yasovarman I. Involved in a power struggle against his maternal uncle Jayavarman IV. Built Baksei Chamkrong.
923–928	Ishanavarman II	Yasodharapura	Son of Yasovarman I, brother of Harshavarman I. Involved in a power struggle against his maternal uncle Jayavarman IV. Built Prasat Kravan.
928–941	Jayavarman IV	Koh Ker (Lingapura)	Son of King Indravarman I's daughter, Mahendradevi, married to Yasovarman I sister, claim the throne through maternal line. Ruled from Koh Ker.
941–944	Harshavarman II	Koh Ker (Lingapura)	Son of Jayavarman IV.
944–968	Rajendravarman II	Angkor (Yasodharapura)	Uncle and first cousin of Harshavarman II and wrestle power from him. Transfer the capital back to Angkor, Built Pre Rup and East Mebon. War against Champa in 946.
968–1001	Jayavarman V	Angkor (Jayendranagari)	Son of Rajendravarman II. Built a new capital Jayendranagari and Ta Keo in its centre.
1001–1006	Udayadityavarman I, Jayaviravarman, Suryavarman I	Angkor	Period of chaos, three kings rule simultaneously as antagonist.
1006–1050	Suryavarman I	Angkor	Took the throne. Alliance with Chola and conflict with Tambralinga kingdom. Built Preah Khan Kompong Svay. The king adhered to Mahayana Buddhism.
1050–1066	Udayadityavarman II	Angkor (Yasodharapura)	Took the throne, descendant of Yasovarman I's spouse. Built Baphuon, West Baray and West Mebon, also Sdok Kok Thom.
1066–1080	Harshavarman III	Angkor (Yasodharapura)	Succeeded his elder brother Udayadityavarman II, capital at Baphuon. Champa invasion in 1074 and 1080.
1090–1107	Jayavarman VI	Angkor	Usurper from Vimayapura. Built Phimai.
1107–1113	Dharanindravarman I	Angkor	Succeeded his younger brother, Jayavarman VI.
1113–1145	Suryavarman II	Angkor	Usurped and killed his great uncle. Built Angkor Wat, Banteay Samre, Thommanon, Chau Say Tevoda and Beng Mealea. Invade Đại Việt and Champa.
1150–1160	Dharanindravarman II	Angkor	Succeeded his cousin Suryavarman II
1160–1167	Yasovarman II	Angkor	Overthrown by his minister Tribhuvanadityavarman
1167–1177	Tribhuvanadityavarman	Angkor	Cham invasion in 1177 and 1178 led by Jaya Indravarman IV, looted the Khmer capital.
1178–1181	Cham occupation, led by Champa king Jaya Indravarman IV
1181–1218	Jayavarman VII	Angkor (Yasodharapura)	Led Khmer army against Cham invaders thus liberated Cambodia. Led the conquest of Champa (1190–1191). Major infrastructure constructions; built hospitals, rest houses, reservoirs, and temples including Ta Prohm, Preah Khan, the Bayon in Angkor Thom city, and Neak Pean.
1219–1243	Indravarman II	Angkor	Son of Jayavarman VII. Lost control of Champa and lost western territories to Siamese Sukhothai Kingdom.
1243–1295	Jayavarman VIII	Angkor	Mongol invasion led by Kublai Khan in 1283 and war with Sukhothai. Built Mangalartha. He was a zealous Shivaite and eradicated Buddhist influences.
1295–1308	Indravarman III	Angkor	Overthrew his father in law Jayavarman VIII. Made Theravada Buddhism the state religion. Received Yuan Chinese diplomat Zhou Daguan (1296–1297).
1308–1327	Indrajayavarman	Angkor
1327–1336	Jayavarman IX	Angkor	Last Sanskrit inscription (1327).
1336–1340	Trasak Paem	Angkor
1340–1346	Nippean Bat	Angkor
1346–1347	Sithean Reachea	Angkor
1347–1352	Lompong Reachea	Angkor
1352–1357	Siamese Ayutthaya invasion led by Uthong
1357–1363	Soryavong	Angkor
1363–1373	Borom Reachea I	Angkor
1373–1393	Thomma Saok	Angkor
1393	Siamese Ayutthaya invasion led by Ramesuan
1394–c. 1421	In Reachea	Angkor
1405–1431	Barom Reachea II	Angkor, Chaktomuk	Abandoned Angkor (1431).

Khmer Empire (802–1431)

Order	Monarch	Personal name	Reign
1	Jayavarman II	Jayavarman	802–850
2	Jayavarman III	Jayavarthon	850–877
3	Indravarman I	Indravarman	877–889
4	Yasovarman I	Yasovarthon	889–910
5	Harshavarman I	Harshavarman	910–923
6	Ishanavarman II	Isanavarman	923–928
7	Jayavarman IV	Jayavarman	928–941
8	Harshavarman II	Harshavarman	941–944
9	Rajendravarman II	Rajedravarman	944–968
10	Jayavarman V	Jayavarman	968–1001
11	Udayadityavarman I	Udayadityavarman	1001–1002
12	Jayavirahvarman	Jayavirahvarman	1002–1006
13	Suryavarman I	Suryavarman	1006–1050
14	Udayadityavarman II	Udayadityavarman	1050–1066
15	Harshavarman III	Harshavarman	1066–1080
16	Nripatindravarman	Nripatindravarman	1080–1113
17	Jayavarman VI	Jayavarman	1080–1107
18	Dharanindravarman I	Dharanindravarman	1107–1113
19	Suryavarman II	Suryavarman	1113–1150
20	Dharanindravarman II	Dharanindravarman	1150–1156
21	Yasovarman II	Yasovarman	1156–1165
22	Tribhuvanadityavarman	Tribhuvanadityavarman	1165–1177
Cham invasion by Jaya Indravarman: 1177–1181
23	Jayavarman VII	Jayavarthon	1181–1218
24	Indravarman II	Indrakumara	1218–1243
The first major Thai kingdom was created in Sukhothai, an area formerly ruled by Lavo in vassalage to Angkor: 1238
25	Jayavarman VIII	Jayavarman	1243–1295
26	Indravarman III	Srei Indravama	1295–1308
27	Indrajayavarman	Srei Jayavama	1308–1327
28	Jayavarman IX	Jayavama Borommesvarah	1327–1336
29	Trasak Paem	Ponhea Chey	1336–1340
30	Nippean Bat	Ponhea Kreak	1340–1346
31	Sithean Reachea	Sidhanta Raja	1346–1347
32	Lompong Reachea	Trasak Peam	1347–1352
Uthong dynasty of Ayutthaya invasion: 1352–1357
33	Basat	Bakrasat	1356–1359
34	Soryavong	Soryavong	1357–1363
35	Borom Reachea I	Barom Reamea	1363–1373
36	Thomma Saok	Kaeo Fa	1373–1393
Uthong dynasty of Ayutthaya invasion: 1393 (5 months)
37	In Reachea	Nakhonin	1394–1421
38	Ponhea Prek	Ponhea Prek	1421
39	Borom Reachea II	Ponhea Yat	1421–1431
Ayutthaya invasion and fall of Angkor: 1431

list

Name	Reign from	Reign until
Fa Ngum ພຣະເຈົ້າຟ້າງຸ້ມມະຫາຣາຊ	5 January 1353	1372
Samsenethai ສາມແສນໄທ (Oun Huan) ອຸ່ນເຮືອນ	1372	1416 Muang Sua, Lan Xang Aged 60
Lan Kham Deng ພະເຈົ້າລ້ານຄຳແດງ	1417	1428 Muang Sua, Lan Xang Aged 41
Phommathat ພະຍາພົມມະທັດ	1428	1429 Muang Sua, Lan Xang
Yukhon (Meunsai)	1429	1430 Phadao, Lan Xang
Khon Kham	1430	1432 Kokrua, Lan Xang
Kham Tam Sa (Kham Teun, Khamtum)	1429(?); 1432 Pak Houei Luang, Lan Xang
Lusai	1432	1433 Palace Gardens, Muang Sua, Lan Xang
Khai Bua Ban	1433	1436
Kham Keut (Kham-Kert, Kham Keul)	1436	1438 Muang Sua, Lan Xang
Nang Keo Phimpha ນາງແກ້ວພິມພາ	1438 Pha-Dieo, Muang Sua Aged 95
Interregnum (1438–1441, rule by Sena and members of Sangha)
Chakkaphat Phaen Phaeo (Sai Tia Kaphut or Xainyachakkaphat)	1441	1479
Souvanna Banlang	1479	1485 Xieng-Thong, Lan Xang Aged 30
La Sen Thai (La Sen Thai Puvanart)	1486	1495 Xieng-Thong, Lan Xang Aged 33
Somphou	1495	1500
Visoun (also Vixun or Visunarat)	1500	1520 Vientianne, Lan Xang Aged 55
Photisarath I (also Phothisarath, Phothisarat, or Potisarat)ພະເຈົ້າໂພທິສະລາດ	1520	8 August 1548 Xieng-Mai Nhotnakorn Palace, Vientiane, Lan Xang Aged 43
Setthathirath ເສດຖາທິຣາດ (also Xaysettha, Chaiyachettha, Chaiyaset or Jayajestha) ໄຊເສດຖາ	8 August 1548	1571 Muang Ong-Kan, Attapeu, Lan Xang Aged 37
Nokeo Koumane	1571 Vientianne, Lan Xang	1571
Sen Soulintha (also Saen Surintha or Sen Sourintha, born Chane Tian)	1572	1575
Voravongsa I	1575	1579 Keng Chane pass, Vientiane, Lan Xang
Sen Soulintha (also Saen Surintha or Sen Sourintha, born Chane Tian)	1580	1582 Vientianne, Lan Xang Aged 71
Nakhon Noi	1582	1583
Interregnum (1583–1591)
Nokeo Koumane	1591	1596 Aged 25
Voravongsa II (Thammikarath)	1596	1621
Oupagnouvarath	1621	1622 Aged 25
Photisarath II	1622	1627 Aged 75
Mon Keo (Mongkeo)	1627	1633
Tone Kham	1633	1637
Vichai	1637	1638
Souligna Vongsa (Sourinyavongsa) ສຸຣິຍະວົງສາທັມມິກຣາດ	1638	1694 Vientiane, Lan Xang Aged 76
Tian Thala	1694	1695
Nan Tharat	1695	1698 Vientiane, Lan Xang
Setthathirath II ພຣະເຈົ້າໄຊອົງເວ້ (Sai Ong Hue; Ong Lo; Trieu Phuc) ໄຊອົງເວ້	1698	1706
Kingkitsarat (Kitsarat) ເຈົ້າກິງກິດສະຣາດ	1706	1713
Setthathirath II ພຣະເຈົ້າໄຊອົງເວ້ (Sai Ong Hue; Ong Lo; Trieu Phuc) ໄຊອົງເວ້	1707	1730 Royal Palace, Vientiane Aged 45
Ong Kham	1713	1723
Inthasom (Thao Ang) ເຈົ້າອິນທະໂສມ	1723	1749
Vietnamese invasion repelled (1749)
Inthaphom (Intharavongsa)	1749	1749
Sotika Koumane ເຈົ້າໂຊຕິກະ	1749	1764
Ong Long ເຈົ້າອົງລອງ	1730	1767
Burmese invasion (1764/65, aided by Vientiane), Luang Prabang becomes Burmese vassal state, 1765–1771
Sotika Koumane ເຈົ້າໂຊຕິກະ	1764	1768/1771
Surinyavong II ເຈົ້າສຸລິຍະວົງສາທີ່ສອງ	1771	1779/1788
Ong Boun ອົງບຸນ (Siribunyasarn)(Ong Bun Setthathirath III) Phrachao Siribounyasan ພຣະເຈົ້າສິຣິບຸນຍະສາຣ	1767	1779
Interregnum (1778–1780). Phraya Supho appointed governor by Siamese, led by General Taksin. Vientiane falls and is sacked by the Siamese (1779)
Luang Prabang becomes Siamese vassal state, 1779-1792
Luang Prabang is administered by Siamese appointed governors during detention of the Royal Family at Bangkok (1788-1792)
Surinyavong II ເຈົ້າສຸລິຍະວົງສາທີ່ສອງ	1779	1788
Ong Boun ອົງບຸນ (Siribunyasarn)(Ong Bun Setthathirath III) Phrachao Siribounyasan ພຣະເຈົ້າສິຣິບຸນຍະສາຣ	1780	28 November 1781 Lanchang
Nanthasen ພຣະເຈົ້ານັນທະເສນ	28 November 1781	January 1795
Anourouth ເຈົ້າອານຸຣຸດທະ	3 February 1792	1817
Intharavong ເຈົ້າອິນທະວົງສ໌ (Intharavong Setthathirath IV)	2 February 1795	7 February 1805 Vientiane
Mantha Tourath ເຈົ້າມັນທາຕຸຣາດ	1817	1825
Anouvong ເຈົ້າອານຸວົງສ໌ (Anouvong or Anurath, Setthahirath V)	7 February 1805	19 December 1828
Luang Prabang is administered by Siamese officials (1825-1826)
Mantha Tourath ເຈົ້າມັນທາຕຸຣາດ	1826	1836
Provinces of Luang Phrabang in rebellion against Siam (1835-1838)
Soukha Seum ເຈົ້າສຸຂະເສີມ	1838	1850
Tiantharath ເຈົ້າຈັນທະຣາດ	23 September 1850	1 October 1868
The Pra Bang is returned to Luang Pra Bang by King Chulalongkorn of Thailand having been brought to Bangkok during the destruction of Vientiane in 1828. Until 1865, Thai King Chantharath ruled Luang PraBang, and relinquished the power to Laos King Oun Kham. Transition occurred during/after the French Auguste Parvie visits.
Oun Kham ເຈົ້າອຸ່ນຄຳ	1 October 1868	15 December 1895
Kham Souk (Sakharine, Sackarindr) ພຣະບາທສົມເດັຈພຣະເຈົ້າມະຫາຊີວິຕສັກຣິນທຣ໌	15 December 1895	25 March 1904
Sisavang Vong ພຣະບາທສົມເດັຈພຣະເຈົ້າມະຫາຊີວິຕສີສວ່າງວົງສ໌	26 March 1904	1945
Sisavang Vong	September 15, 1945	20 October 1945
Phetsarath Rattanavongsa	October 20, 1945	23 April 1946
Sisavang Vong	April 23, 1946	29 October 1959
Sisavang Vatthana	October 30, 1959	2 December 1975

Kingdom of Champasak (Bassac) (1713–1904)

Main article: Kingdom of Champasak

The Kingdom of Champasak declared itself independent from the Kingdom of Vientiane in 1713. The Kingdom of Champasak comprised the area south of the Xe Bang River as far as Stung Treng together with the areas of the lower Mun and Xi rivers on the Khorat Plateau (now the Isaan area of modern Thailand). The Kingdom was annexed by Siam in 1829 following the Chao Anouvong Rebellion, and subsequent kings were confirmed in Bangkok. From 1893 French took administrative control over parts of the kingdom, in 1904 the kingdom was reduced to a provincial governorship but still included the political involvement of the Na Champasak royal family. From 1941 to 1945 Thailand exploited France's weakness during World War II to acquire Champasak and other Lao lands on the right bank of the Mekong. In 1946 Champasak was ceded back to France and Chao Boun Oum remitted all claims to an independent kingship in order to unify Laos. The Kingdom of Laos (1946–75) was then formed under the Luang Prabang line of kingship.

Kings

Name	Reign from	Reign until	Relationship with predecessors
Nokasad (Soysisamut Phutthangkun)	1713	1738 Khorat Plateau Aged 45	Grandson of Sourigna Vongsa
Sayakumane (Pha Photi Chao)	1738	1791 Champa Nagapurisiri Aged 81	Son of Nokasat
Fay Na (Vichaiyarat Khattiyawongsa)	1791	1811	Not of royal descent
No Muong	1811	1811	Son of Sayakumane
1811 – 1813 Interregnum
Manoi	1813	1820	Nephew of Sayakumane
Nho	1820	1827	Son of Anouvong, King of Vientiane
1829–93 Siam annexes Champasak following the Chao Anouvong Rebellion and confirms subsequent kings
Huy	1827	1841 Himlot, Champassak Aged 61–63	Great grandson of Nokasad
Nark	1841	1851 Bangkok, Siam Aged 76	Brother of Huy
Boua	1851	1853 Bangkok, Siam	Son of No Muong and Cousin of Nark
Interregnum (1853–1855) Prince Suriya, Uparaja, acted as Regent. He died at 1855.
Kham Nai	1856	1858 Himlot, Champassak Aged 28	Son of Huy
Interregnum (1858–63)
Kham Souk	1863	28 July 1900 Bassac, Champassak Aged 62	Son of Huy and Brother of Kham Nai
Ratsadanay (Nhouy)	28 July 1900	19 September 1904	Son of Kham Souk
Boun Oum	–	–	Son of Ratsadanay

Kingdom of Luang Prabang (1707–1893) & French Protectorate of Laos (1893–1947)

Main article: Kingdom of Luang Prabang

Name	Reign from	Reign until
Kingkitsarat (Kitsarat) ເຈົ້າກິງກິດສະຣາດ	1706	1713
Ong Kham	1713	1723
Inthasom (Thao Ang) ເຈົ້າອິນທະໂສມ	1723	1749
Vietnamese invasion repelled (1749)
Inthaphom (Intharavongsa)	1749	1749
Sotika Koumane ເຈົ້າໂຊຕິກະ	1749	1764
Burmese invasion (1764/65, aided by Vientiane), Luang Prabang becomes Burmese vassal state, 1765–1771
Sotika Koumane ເຈົ້າໂຊຕິກະ	1764	1768/1771
Surinyavong II ເຈົ້າສຸລິຍະວົງສາທີ່ສອງ	1771	1779/1788
Luang Prabang becomes Siamese vassal state, 1779-1792
Surinyavong II ເຈົ້າສຸລິຍະວົງສາທີ່ສອງ	1779	1788
Luang Prabang is administered by Siamese appointed governors during detention of the Royal Family at Bangkok (1788-1792)
Anourouth ເຈົ້າອານຸຣຸດທະ	3 February 1792	1817
Mantha Tourath ເຈົ້າມັນທາຕຸຣາດ	1817	1825
Luang Prabang is administered by Siamese officials (1825-1826)
Mantha Tourath ເຈົ້າມັນທາຕຸຣາດ	1826	1836
Provinces of Luang Phrabang in rebellion against Siam (1835-1838)
Soukha Seum ເຈົ້າສຸຂະເສີມ	1838	1850
Tiantharath ເຈົ້າຈັນທະຣາດ	23 September 1850	1 October 1868
The Pra Bang is returned to Luang Pra Bang by King Chulalongkorn of Thailand having been brought to Bangkok during the destruction of Vientiane in 1828. Until 1865, Thai King Chantharath ruled Luang PraBang, and relinquished the power to Laos King Oun Kham. Transition occurred during/after the French Auguste Parvie visits.
Oun Kham ເຈົ້າອຸ່ນຄຳ	1 October 1868	15 December 1895
Kham Souk (Sakharine, Sackarindr) ພຣະບາທສົມເດັຈພຣະເຈົ້າມະຫາຊີວິຕສັກຣິນທຣ໌	15 December 1895	25 March 1904
Sisavang Vong ພຣະບາທສົມເດັຈພຣະເຈົ້າມະຫາຊີວິຕສີສວ່າງວົງສ໌	26 March 1904	1945
Sisavang Vong	September 15, 1945	20 October 1945
Phetsarath Rattanavongsa	October 20, 1945	23 April 1946
Sisavang Vong	April 23, 1946	29 October 1959
Sisavang Vatthana	October 30, 1959	2 December 1975

Principality of Xiang Khouang (Muang Phuan) (1707–1899)

Main article: Muang Phuan

The Muang of Xiang Khouang was a semi-autonomous region in Laos in what is now Xiang Khouang province. The Phuan (Pu’on) monarchy claims descent from Khun Borom and were part of the Lan Xang mandala. Geographic isolation and frequent warfare produced periods where the Phuan kings tried to assert more authority, but the region remained only a key vassalage for surrounding kingdoms. The region features prominently in the 18th and 19th century as valuable coalition piece for the rival kingdoms of Vientiane and Champasak. Xiang Khouang was a trade frontier, and also a frequent point of invasion, and so has more cultural influences from China and Vietnam.

Kings

Name	Reign from	Reign until	Death	Relationship with predecessors	Notes
Kham Sanh	1651	1688
Kam Lan	1688	1700		Son of Kham Sanh
Kham Sattha	1723	1751		Grandson of Kam Lan	Tributary to Vietnam, Luang Prabang, and Vientiane)
Ong Lo	1751	1779
Somphou	1779	1803
Noi (Southaka Souvanna Koumar)	1803	1831	1829	Nephew of Somphou	Executed by Emperor Minh Mạng of Vietnam
Xiang Khuoang annexed as Tran Ninh province in Vietnam (1832)
Po	1848	1865		Son of Noi	Vassal to Siam and Vietnam
Ung	1866	1876		Son of Noi	Haw pirates invade Xiang Khouang in 1874
Khanti	1876	1880		Son of Ung	Vassal to Siam
Kham Ngon	1880	1899			French protectorate ends autonomy

Kingdom of Laos (1947–1975)

Main article: Kingdom of Laos

Name	Portrait	Birth	Death	Succession right
Sisavang Vong 23 April 1946 – 29 October 1959 13 years, 189 days		14 July 1885 Luang Phrabang	29 October 1959 Luang Phrabang aged 74	Son of Zakarine
Sisavang Vatthana 29 October 1959 – 2 December 1975 16 years, 34 days		13 November 1907 Luang Phrabang	13 May 1978 Xam Neua aged 70	Son of Sisavang Vong

Monarchy of Laos in exile (1975–present)

Main article: Royal Lao Government in Exile

Pretenders

Name	Tenure	House	Birth	Death	Succession right
Vong Savang	2 December 1975 – 2 May 1978 (1975-12-02 – 1978-05-02)	Khun Lo	(1931-09-27)27 September 1931	2 May 1978(1978-05-02) (aged 46)	Son of Sisavang Vatthana
Soulivong Savang	2 May 1978 (1978-05-02) – present	Khun Lo	(1963-05-08)8 May 1963	living	Son of Vong Savang

Princes

Vong Savang (Crown Prince, died c. 1978 in re-education camps with his father King Sisavang Vatthana)
Sauryavong Savang (Regent, son of Sisavang Vatthana, died in 2018 in Paris at age 80)
Soulivong Savang (Pretender, son of Vong Savang)
Thanyavong Savang

Monarchs' family tree

Kuhn Lo Dynasty

Kingdom of
Lan Xang

Souvanna
Khamphong
of Muang Swa

Kham-Hiao
of Muang Sawa
d. 1343

Khun Phi Fa
?–1343

Keo Kang Ya
?–1368
Queen

Fa Ngum
1316–1393
r. 1353–1373

Nang Keo
Phimpha
1343–1438
r. 1438
Queen

Keo Ketkasi

Khuang-Na

Buvana
Dhanipaya
Bua Then Fa
Queen

Noi On
Sor
Princess

Oun Huan
1357–1417
r. 1372–1417

Nang Keo
Yot Fa
Princess

Chao Nang
Keo Sida
Princess

Khon Kham
?–1432
r. 1430–1432

Kham Keut
?–1438
r. 1436–1438

Lusai
?–1433
r. 1432–1433

Sai Tia
Kaphut
1415–1481
r. 1442–1480

Kham
Tam Sa
?–1432
r. 1432

Keo Poum
Fa

Lan Kham
Deng
1375–1428
r. 1416–1428

Mui
Ton-Kham
Mui
Dharmakama

Phommathat
?–1429
r. 1428–1429

Khai Bua Ban
?–1436
1433–1436

Yukhon
?–1430
1429–1430

Nu Kon
of S’ieng Wong
S’ieng Wang

Visoun
1465–1520
r. 1500–1520

Souvanna
Banlang
1455–1486
r. 1479–1486

La Sen
Thai
1462–1496
r. 1485–1496

Kay Bona Ban
Kaya
Bunabarna
?–1428

Sen
Soulintha
1511–1582
r. 1571–1575;
1580–1582

Yot Kam
Tip

Photisarath I
1501–1547
r. 1520–1548

Somphou
1486–1500
r. 1496–1501

Photisarath II
r. 1623–1627

Nakhon Noi
?–?
r. 1582–1583

unnamed
daughter

Setthathirath
1534–1571
r. 1548–1571

Voravongsa I
?–1579
r. 1575–1579

Dharmagayi
Kham Khai

Vorapita
?–1604
regent:
1596–1602

Nokeo
Koumane
r. 1591–1598

Voravongsa II
1585–1622
r. 1598–1621

Mon Keo
r. 1627

Oupagnou-
Varath I
1597–1623
r. 1622–1623

Tone Kham
r. 1627–1633

Vichai
r. 1633–1637

Sourigna
Vongsa
1618–1695
r. 1637–1695

Puya
Bou

Somaputra
Som Phou

Sumangala
Kumari

Na Bua
Phya
Senadipati

Suman(?)
Kumari
?–1696

Tian Thala
?–1696
r. 1695

Enta-
Prohm
Indra Brahma
1642–?

Chandra
Kumari

Nan Tharat
r. 1695–1698

Kingdom of
Vientiane

Kingdom of
Champasak

Kingdom of
Luang
Phrabang

Sai
Ong Hue
?–1735
r. (1700–)
1707–1735

Nokasad
1693(?)–1738
r. 1713–1737

Fay Na
r. 1791–1811

King–
Kitsarath
?–1713
r. 1707–1713

Ong Long
r.1735-1760

Ong Bun
r. 1760–1778

Kham Kong

Pha Photi
Chao
1710–1791
r. 1737–1791

Suringha

Tammatevo
?–1768

Inthasom
r. 1723–1749

Taen-Sao

Ong Kham
?–1759
1713–1723

Anouvong
1767–1829
r. 1804–1828

Nantasen
r. 1781–1794

Inthavong
r. 1795–1805

No Muong
r. 1811–1812

Manoi
r. 1813–1819

Unga
?–~1781

Sotika
Koumane
?–1771
r. 1749–1764

Suryavong
?–1791
r. 1768–1791

Yoh
r. 1819–1827

Boua
r. 1851–1853

Nu
r. 1811

Nark
r. 1841–1851

Huy
1780–1840
r. 1827–1840

Inthara
Vongsa
?–1776
r. 1749

Anurut
1737–1819
r. 1706–1713

Keavakama
Kheuakham

Kham Souk
1839–1899
r. 1863–1899

Kham Nai
1830–1858
r. 1856–1858

Oun Keo

Mantha
Tourath
1817–1836
1772–1836

Sudhi
Saramuni

Ratsadanay
1874–1945
r. 1900–1904

Sukha
Seum
1797–1850
r. 1837–1850

Oun Kham
1811/16–1895
r. 1872–1887
1889–1895

Tiantha
Rath
~1797–1870
r. 1850–1870

Souvanna
Phomma
?–1887

Boun Oum
Prime Minister
of Laos
1912–1980

Zakarine
1840–1904
r. 1895–1904

Boun
Khong
?–1920

Kingdom of
Laos

Sisavang
Vong
1885–1959
1946–1959

Souphanou-
vong
President
of Laos
1909–1995
s. 1975–1986

Souvanna
Phouma
Prime Minister
of Laos
1901–1984

Sisavang
Vatthana
1907–1978/84
r. 1959–1975

References

^ Sharan, Mahesh Kumar (2003). Studies In Sanskrit Inscriptions Of Ancient Cambodia. Abhinav Publications. pp. 27–28, 33–34. ISBN 978-81-7017-006-8.
^ Jacobsen, Trudy (2008). Lost Goddesses: The Denial of Female Power in Cambodian History. NIAS Press. pp. 22–23, 27–30. ISBN 978-87-7694-001-0.
(Simms, 99; Manich, 71)

Monarchs of Laos

Kingdom of Lan Xang

Regional Kingdoms

Kingdom of Vientiane	Setthathirath II Ong Long Ong Boun Nanthasen Inthavong Anouvong
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang	Kingkitsarat Ong Kham Inthasom Inthaphom Sotikakumman Surinyavong II Anurutha Manthaturath Sukkhasoem Chantharath Oun Kham Zakarine Sisavang Phoulivong
Kingdom of Champasak	Nokasad Sayakumane Fay Na No Muong Manoi Nyô Huy Nark Boua Kham Nhai Kham Souk Ratsadanay Boun Oum
Principality of Xiangkhouang Muang Phuan	Kham Sanh Kam Lan Kham Sattha Ong Lo Somphou Nôy Po Ung Khanti Kham Ngon

Kingdom of Laos

Laos portal

v t e Heads of state of Laos
Kingdom of Laos Kings (1945–1975)	Kingdom of Laos Sisavang Vong Sisavang Vatthana
Lao People's Democratic Republic Presidents (1975–)	Laos Souphanouvong Phoumi Vongvichit* Kaysone Phomvihane Nouhak Phoumsavanh Khamtai Siphandone Choummaly Sayasone Bounnhang Vorachit Thongloun Sisoulith
* acting for Souphanouvong

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