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List of marine bony fishes of South Africa

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(Redirected from List of marine ray-finned fishes of South Africa) Sublist of the List of marine fishes of South Africa

Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements

This is a sublist of the List of marine fishes of South Africa for bony fishes recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa. This list comprises locally used common names, scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa.

List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region. Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms should be listed where relevant.

Osteichthyes (/ˌɒstiːˈɪkθiːz/ ost-ee-IK-theez), also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. They can be contrasted with the Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) and the extinct placoderms and acanthodians, which have endoskeletons primarily composed of cartilage. The vast majority of extant fish are members of Osteichthyes, being an extremely diverse and abundant group consisting of 45 orders, over 435 families and 28,000 species. It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today, encompassing most aquatic vertebrates, as well as all semi-aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates. (Full article...)


Parvphylum Osteichthyes – Bony fishes

All entries in this list are included in this parvphylum of Gnathostomata. There are two gigaclasses represented: Actinopterygii and Sarcopterygii.

Gigaclass Actinopterygii – Ray-finned fishes

Class Teleostei

Order: Acanthuriformes

Family: Acanthuridae – Surgeonfishes and unicornfishes.

Family: Antigoniidae – Boarfishes

Family: Chaetodontidae – Butterflyfishes

Family: Drepaneidae – Sicklefishes

  • Concertina-fish Drepane longimana (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific south to East London)

Family: Ephippidae – Batfishes

Family: Leiognathidae – Soapies

Family: Lobotidae – Tripletails

Family: Luvaridae – Louvar

  • Louvar, Luvarus imperialis Rafinesque, 1810 (All oceans and Mediterranean sea, Not reported in polar seas or near equator)

Family: Pomacanthidae – Angelfishes

Family: Scatophagidae – Scatties

Family: Siganidae – Rabbitfishes

Family: Zanclidae – Moorish idol

Order Acropomatiformes

Family: Acropomatidae – Lanternbellies

  • Lanternbelly Acropoma japonicum Günther, 1859 (off Natal)
  • Sombre splitfin, Silver splitfin, Verilus cynodon (Regan, 1921), reported as syn. Neoscombrops annectens Gilchrist, 1922 (off Natal and southern Mozambique) and as syn. Neoscombrops cynodon (Regan, 1921) (Known from 2 specimens off Natal)
  • Japanese splitfin Synagrops japonicus (Doderlein, 1884) (off Natal)

Family: Bathyclupeidae – Bathyclupeids

  • Neobathyclupea elongata (Trunov, 1975), recorded as syn. Bathyclupea elongata Trunov, 1975 (Known only from holotype taken off Western Cape)

Family: Champsodontidae – Gapers

Family: Creediidae – Sand burrowers

Family: Epigonidae – Cardinal fishes

Family: Howellidae

Family: Pempheridae – Sweepers

Family: Pentacerotidae – Armourheads

Family: Polyprionidae – Wreckfishes

Family: Scombropidae – Gnomefishes

Order Albuliformes – Bonefishes

Family: Albulidae

Order Anguilliformes – Eels

Family: Anguillidae – Freshwater eels

Family: Chlopsidae – False morays

Family: Moringuidae – Spaghetti eels

Family: Muraenidae – Moray eels

Family: Congridae – Conger eels

Family: Derichthyidae – Longneck eels

Family: Muraenesocidae – Pike congers

Family: Nettastomatidae – Witch eels

Family: Ophichthidae – Snake-eels and worm-eels

Family: Nemichthyidae – Snipe eels

Family: Serrivomeridae – Sawtooth eels

Family: Synaphobranchidae – Cutthroat eels

Order Alepocephaliformes

Family: Alepocephalidae – Slickheads

Order Argentiniformes

Family: Argentinidae – Argentines

Family: Opisthoproctidae – Barreleyes

Family: Microstomatidae

Subfamily: Bathylaginae – Deep sea smelts

  • Melanolagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929), recorded as syn. Bathylagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929) (off Cape Town; Throughout tropical and subtropical seas)

Order Ateleopodiformes

Family: Ateleopodidae – Tadpole fishes

Order: Atheriniformes

Family: Atherinidae – Silversides

Family: Notocheiridae – Surf sprites

  • Surf sprite Iso natalensis Regan, 1919 (Indian ocean south to Cape Agulgas)

Order Aulopiformes

Family: Alepisauridae – Lancetfishes

Family: Evermannellidae – Sabretooth fishes

  • Coccorella atlantica (Parr, 1928) (central water areas of all 3 major oceans; off western and south-western Cape coast, 1 specimen from 31°34'S, 30°09'E)
  • Balbo sabretooth, Evermannella balbo (Risso, 1820) (4 specimens from off southern Natal, presumed to be circumglobal in transition region of southern oceans)

Family Omosudidae

  • Hammerjaw, Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887 (1 specimen from not far off east coast at about 25°S; otherwise known from all oceans between 40°S and 40°N)

Family: Paralepididae – Barracudinas (incl. Anotopteridae – Daggertooths)

Family: Scopelarchidae – Pearleyes

  • Benthalbella infans Zugmayer, 1911 (off south-western Cape; tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans)
  • Lagiacrusichthys macropinnis (Bussing & Bussing, 1966), recorded as Benthalbella macropinna Bussing and Bussing, 1966 (off south-western Cape coast; circumpolar in subantarctic and Antarctic waters)
  • Short fin pearleye, Scopelarchus analis (Brauer, 1902) (Common off southern Africa; tropical/subtropical all oceans)
  • Staring pearleye, Scopelarchus guentheri Alcock, 1896 (off Durban; mainly tropical in the Atlantic, tropical/subtropical in Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Bigfin pearleye, Scopelarchus michaelsarsi Koefoed, 1955 (South-east of Durban;tropical/subtropical in all oceans)

Family: Ipnopidae

Family: Chlorophthalmidae – Greeneyes

Family: Ipnopidae

Family: Notosudidae – Notosudids

Family: Bathysauridae

  • Bathysaurus ferox Günther, 1878 (off Cape Province; Both sides of Atlantic; off New Zealand)

Family: Giganturidae – Telescopefish

  • Gigantura indica Brauer, 1901, recorded as syn. Rosaura indica (Brauer, 1901) (Tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans; Indian Ocean from 35°49'S, 23°09'E northwards)

Family: Synodontidae – Lizardfishes

  • Blotchy lizardfish Saurida gracilis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) (Indo-West Pacific to Algoa Bay)
  • Largescale lizardfish Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) (Indo-West Pacific to Knysna)
  • Spotnose lizardfish Synodus binotatus Schultz, 1953 (Indo-West Pacific, south to Natal)
  • Variegated lizardfish Synodus dermatogenys Fowler, 1912 (Indo-West Pacific south to Algoa Bay)
  • Indian lizardfish Synodus indicus (Day, 1873) (Mossel Bay to Red Sea and Sri Lanka)
  • Blacktail lizardfish Synodus jaculum Russell and Cressey, 1979 (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)
  • Redband lizardfish Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803) (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Red Sea)
  • Painted lizardfish Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801) (Tropical and warm temperate waters of all oceans, east coast south to Knysna)

Order Batrachoidiformes

Family: Batrachoididae – Toadfishes

Order Beloniformes

Family: Belonidae – Needlefishes

Family: Exocoetidae – Flyingfishes

  • Blackwing flyingfish Cheilopogon cyanopterus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. One juvenile from Port Alfred, another from Natal)
  • Spotfin flyingfish Cheilopogon furcatus (Mitchill, 1815) (offshore in all tropical seas. Off South African coast from the Cape eastwards)
  • Blackfin flyingfish Cheilopogon nigricans (Bennett, 1840) (Tropical eastern Atlantic to Indo-West Pacific. One specimen known from South African waters)
  • Smallhead flyingfish Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus altipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) (Cape to Kosi Bay)
  • Two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus monocirrhus (Richardson, 1846) (Indo-West Pacific south to Durban)
  • Tropical two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) (worldwide in tropical waters, occasionally seen in South African waters)
  • Subtropical flyingfish Hirundichthys rondeletii (Valenciennes, 1846) (widely distributed in subtropical waters of all oceans, common off the Cape)
  • Mirrorwing flyingfish, Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes, 1846) (worldwide in tropical waters, one juvenile from Mbibi, Zululand, another from False Bay)
  • Sailfin flying fish, Parexocoetus brachypterus (Richardson, 1846) (Tropical Indo-Pacific, south to Natal)
  • Shortfin flyingfish Prognichthys brevipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific, recorded from Lake St. Lucia and Indian Ocean off South Africa)
  • Shortnose flyingfish Prognichthys sealei (Abe, 1955) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific; one adolescent off Cape St. Lucia and a small juvenile from Port Elizabeth)

Family: Hemiramphidae – Halfbeaks

  • Ribbon halfbeak Euleptorhamphus viridis (van Hasselt, 1823) (reported from Table Bay, also known from Algoa bay and Kei river Mouth. Tropical and temperate waters of Indo-Pacific)
  • Spotted halfbeak Hemiramphus far (Forsskål, 1775) (Knysna to Delagoa Bay. a few records west to False Bay)
  • Tropical halfbeak Hyporhamphus affinis (Günther, 1866) (Sodwana Bay to tropical west Indo-Pacific)
  • Cape halfbeak Hyporhamphus capensis (Thominot, 1886) (False Bay to southern Mozambique)

Family: Scomberesocidae – Sauries

  • Dwarf saury Nanichthys simulans Hubbs and Wisner, 1980 (Warm temperate waters of the Atlantic and southern Indian oceans; Off the Cape up the west coast)

Order Beryciformes

Family: Barbourisiidae – Red whalefish

Family: Berycidae – Berycids

Family: Cetomimidae – Whalefishes

  • Cetichthys indagator (Rofen, 1959), recorded as syn. Cetomimus indagator Rofen, 1959 (1 specimen off Port St Johns, former Transkei)
  • Cetomimus picklei (Gilchrist, 1922) (1 specimen off Cape Town)

Family: Melamphaidae – Bigscale fishes

  • Melamphaes eulepis Ebeling, 1962 (Atlantic south of 13°S, around Africa, in Indian Ocean, throughout Indonesia and in central equatorial Pacific)
  • Melamphaes microps (Günther, 1878) (off South Africa and New Zealand)
  • Melamphaes simus Ebeling, 1962 (Tropical/subtropical regions of Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Poromitra crassiceps (Günther, 1878) (All oceans except Arctic and Mediterranean)
  • Poromitra megalops (Lütken, 1877) (Eastern Atlantic, Indo-Pacific and eastern equatorial Pacific)
  • Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther, 1887) (Tropical/subtropical regions of Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Scopelogadus beanii (Günther, 1887) (Atlantic, southern Indian and western south Pacific oceans)
  • Sio nordenskjoldii (Lönnberg, 1905) (South Atlantic and Indian oceans south of 30°S; several records off South Africa)

Family: Rondeletiidae – Redmouth whalefish

  • Rondeletia loricata Abe and Hotta, 1963 (3 specimens taken off Southern Cape coast of South Africa)

Family: Stephanoberycidae – Pricklefishes

Order: Blenniiformes

Family: Blenniidae – Blennies

Family: Clinidae – Klipfishes

Family: Tripterygiidae – Threefin blennies or Triplefins

Order: Callionymiformes

Family: Callionymidae – Dragonets

Order Carangaria incertae sedis

Family: Menidae – Moonfish

Family: Polynemidae – Threadfins

Family: Sphyraenidae – Barracudas

Order Carangiformes

Family: Carangidae – Kingfishes

Family: Coryphaenidae – Dolphinfish or Dorades

Family: Echeneidae – Remoras

  • Shark remora Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 (Namibia to Mozambique) (all warm waters except eastern Pacific)
  • Slender remora Phtheirichthys lineatus (Menzies, 1791) (Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters)
  • White remora Remora albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) (Worldwide, prefers Manta rays)
  • Whale remora Remora australis (Bennett, 1840) (Worldwide, pelagic: found only on cetaceans)
  • Spearfish remora Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) (Worldwide, prefers billfishes)
  • Remora Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) (Worldwide, prefers sharks)

Family: Istiophoridae – Sailfish, spearfishes and marlins

Family: Rachycentridae – Cobia

Family: Xiphiidae – Swordfishes

Order Centrarchiformes

Family: Cheilodactylidae – Fingerfins

Family: Cirrhitidae – Hawkfishes

Family: Dichistiidae – Galjoens

Family: Kuhliidae – Flagtails

Family: Kyphosidae – Sea chubs

Family: Oplegnathidae – Knifejaws

Family: Parascorpididae – Jutjaw

  • Jutjaw (Parascorpis typus) Bleeker, 1875 (Known only from False Bay to Maputo)

Family: Terapontidae – Thornfishes

Order Cichliformes

Family: Cichlidae – Cichlids

Order Clupeiformes

Family: Alosidae

Family: Chirocentridae – Wolfherrings

Family: Dorosomatidae

  • Blueline herring, bluestripe herring, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837) (Algoa Bay to Indo-Pacific)
  • Razorbelly or Kelee shad, Hilsa kelee (Cuvier, 1829) (Transkei to Mozambique and Indo-Pacific)
  • Gizzard shad Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) (off Durban Bay; Gulf of Aden to Hong Kong)

Family: Dussumieriidae – Round herrings

Family: Ehiravidae

  • Estuarine round herring, Gilchrist's round-herring, Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913) (Knysna to Kosi bay, Saldanha Bay and possibly north to Orange River mouth)

Family: Engraulidae – Anchovies

Family: Spratelloididae

Order Dactylopteriformes

Family: Dactylopteridae – Helmet gurnards

Family: Pegasidae – Seamoths

Order Elopiformes

Family: Elopidae – Ladyfishes

Family: Megalopidae – Tarpons

Order Eupercaria incertae sedis

Family: Callanthiidae – Goldies

Family: Caesionidae – Fusiliers

Family: Cepolidae – Bandfishes

Family: Dinopercidae

Family: Emmelichthyidae – Rovers

Family: Gerreidae – Pursemouths

Family: Haemulidae – Rubberlips and grunters

Family: Labridae – Wrasses

Family: Lethrinidae – Emperors

Family: Lutjanidae – Snappers

Family: Malacanthidae – Tilefishes

Family: Monodactylidae – Moonies

Family: Nemipteridae – Butterfly breams, spinecheeks

Family: Priacanthidae – Bigeyes

Family: Scaridae – Parrotfishes

Family: Sciaenidae – Kobs

Family: Sillaginidae – Sillagos

Family: Sparidae – Seabreams

Order Gadiformes

Family: Bregmacerotidae – Codlets

Family: Lotidae – Lings and rocklings

Family: Macrouridae – Grenadiers

Family: Melanonidae – Melanonids

Family: Merlucciidae – Hakes

Family: Moridae – Deepsea cods

Order: Gobiesociformes

Family: Gobiesocidae – Clingfishes

Order: Gobiiformes

Family: Eleotridae – Sleepers

Family: Gobiidae – Gobies

Subfamily: Amblyopinae

Subfamily: Gobiinae

Subfamily: Gobionellinae

Subfamily: Oxudercinae

Family: Microdesmidae – Gobies

Subfamily: Ptereleotrinae

Family: Trichonotidae – Sand divers

Order Gonorynchiformes

Family: Chanidae

Family: Gonorynchidae – Beaked sandfish

Order: Holocentriformes

Family: Holocentridae – Squirrelfishes and Soldierfishes

Subfamily: Holocentrinae – Squirrelfishes

  • Spotfin squirrelfish Neoniphon sammara (Forsskål, 1775) (Tropical Indo-Pacific south to Durban)
  • Tailspot squirrelfish Sargocentron caudimaculatum (Rüppell, 1838) (Red sea and Indo-Pacific south to Xora river mouth, Transkei)
  • Crown squirrelfish Sargocentron diadema (Lacepède, 1802) (Durban to Mozambique) (Indo-Pacific south to East London)
  • Dark-striped squirrelfish Sargocentron praslin (Lacepède, 1802) (Indo-West Pacific reported by Smith to reach Durban, but no specimens available from south of Mozambique)
  • Speckled squirrelfish Sargocentron punctatissimum (Cuvier, 1829) (Indo-Pacific south to Algoa Bay)
  • Sabre squirrelfish Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskål, 1775) (Red sea and east coast of Africa south to Natal)

Subfamily: Myripristinae – Soldierfishes

Order Kurtiformes

Family: Apogonidae – Cardinal fishes (see also Epigonidae)

Subfamily: Apogoninae

Subfamily: Pseudaminae

Order Lampriformes

Family: Lamprididae – Opahs (Lampridae in Smiths)

  • Spotted opah Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788) (all oceans but not in polar waters, occurs throughout South African waters, usually well offshore)
  • Southern opah Lampris immaculatus Gilchrist, 1904 (Circumglobal south of 30°S)

Family: Lophotidae – Crestfishes

  • Unicorn crestfish Eumecichthys fiski (Günther, 1890) (1 specimen, Kalk Bay in False Bay)
  • Crestfish Lophotus lacepede Giorna, 1809 (Cape to Plettenberg Bay, rare but widely distributed in all oceans)

Family: Radiicephalidae – Tapertail

Family: Regalecidae – Oarfishes

Family: Trachipteridae – Ribbonfishes

  • Polka-dot ribbonfish Desmodema polystictum (Ogilby, 1898) (1 juvenile washed ashore at Xora river and 1 found at Simon's Town, False Bay)
  • Blacktail ribbonfish Trachipterus jacksonensis (Ramsay, 1881) (East London and off Cape Town)
  • Peregrine ribbonfish Trachipterus trachypterus (Gmelin, 1789) (off Table Bay)
  • Scalloped ribbonfish Zu cristatus (Bonelli, 1819), (prejuveniles collected at Luderitz, Algoa bay and Durban)
  • Taper tail ribbonfish Zu elongatus (Heemstra and Kannemeyer, 1984) (4 specimens trawled off the western Cape coast)

Order Lophiiformes – Anglerfishes

Family: Antennariidae – Anglers

  • Big angler Antennarius commersoni (Latreille, 1804) (Natal, Red Sea and tropical Indo-West Pacific to Hawaiian islands)
  • Shaggy angler, shaggy frogfish, Antennarius hispidus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Indo-West Pacific, south to Knysna)
  • Painted angler, painted frogfish, Antennarius pictus (Shaw and Nodder, 1794) (Durban to Zanzibar and tropical Indo-West Pacific to Hawaii)
  • Striped angler,striated frogfish, Antennarius striatus (Shaw and Nodder, 1794) (Algoa Bay through Indo-West Pacific to Hawaiian islands)
  • Freckled angler Antennatus coccineus (Lesson, 1831), recorded as syn. Antennarius coccineus (Lesson, 1831), (Natal; throughout Indian Ocean, Red Sea and tropical Pacific to Hawaiian islands; Tropical and eastern Pacific off Costa Rica and Cocos and Galapagos islands)
  • Pygmy angler, Antennatus tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817), recorded as syn. Antennarius tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817) (Natal, Maputo, Madagascar, Aldabra islands, and throughout Indo-West Pacific including Hawaiian and Line islands, and Taumotu Archipelago to Pitcairn island)
  • Sargassum fish, Histrio histrio (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cape Point to Mozambique)

Family: Ceratiidae – Seadevils

  • Ceratias holboelli Krøyer, 1845 (single specimen off Cape Town at 34°12'S, 16°35'E; Nearly cosmopolitan in the world's oceans)
  • Ceratias tentaculatus (Norman, 1930) (Specimens from off Dealagoa bay, off southern Natal, off Saldanha bay. Throughout southern oceans)
  • Cryptopsaras couesii Gill, 1883 (off Cape of Good Hope, all major oceans)

Family: Chaunacidae – Coffinfishes

Family: Himantolophidae – Footballfish

Family: Linophrynidae – Dwarf anglers

  • Linophryne parini Bertelsen, 1980 (1 specimen off Port Alfred)
  • Linophryne lucifer Collett, 1886, recorded as syn. Linophryne digitopogon Balushkin and Trunov, 1988, (1 specimen off Hondeklipbaai on west coast)

Family: Lophiidae – Monks

  • Natal monk Lophiodes insidiator (Regan, 1921) (Natal to northern Madagascar)
  • Lophiodes mutilus (Alcock, 1893) (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)
  • Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl, 1797) (Indo-West Pacific south to False Bay)
  • Monk, Lophius vomerinus (Valenciennes, 1837), also recorded as syn. Lophius upsicephalus Smith, 1841 (off Cape of Good Hope; Eastern South Atlantic and South western Indian Ocean off South Africa; Bay of Bengal off Burma)

Family: Melanocetidae – Devil-anglers

Family: Ogcocephalidae – Seabats

  • Coelophrys micropus (Alcock, 1891), recorded as Halieutopsis micropus (Alcock, 1891) (off Durban; South Africa to Philippines)
  • Circular seabat, Halieutaea fitzsimonsi (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1916) (Plettenberg bay to Tugela river, Natal)
  • Hairy seabat, Halieutaea hancocki Regan, 1908 (Tropical Indian Ocean; off Natal)
  • Spiny seabat, Halieutaea indica Annandale & Jenkins, 1910, recorded as syn. Halieutaea spicata Smith, 1965 (1 specimen, Isipingo, Natal)
  • Longnose seabat, Malthopsis lutea Alcock, 1891 (off Knysna; Eastern Indian Ocean and Japan)
  • Malthopsis mitrigera Gilbert and Cramer, 1897 (Natal to the Philippines, Japan and Hawaii)
  • Spearnose seabat Malthopsis tiarella Jordan, 1902 (Natal and Japan)
  • Solocisquama stellulata (Gilbert, 1905), recorded as syn. Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, 1905 (Off Natal; Hawaii)

Order Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae – Mullets

Order Mulliformes

Family: Mullidae – Goatfishes

Order Myctophiformes

Family: Myctophidae – Lanternfishes

  • Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert and Cramer, 1897) (Indian Ocean (18°N - 20°S), to 42°S in Agulhas current)
  • Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913) (tropical distribution in 3 major oceans, extensions to 50°S and 50°N in western boundary currents)
  • Bolinichthys indicus (Nafpaktitis and Nafpaktitis, 1969) (Indian Ocean (20° - 45°S); Atlantic (20° - 50°N and 20° - 40°S))
  • Stubby lanternfish, Bolinichthys supralateralis (Parr, 1928) (off Cape Peninsula and in Agulgas current; Atlantic (40°N - 02°S and 32° to 40°S); Indian Ocean (21° - 30°S); west coast of Australia and near Hawaii)
  • Roundnose lanternfish, Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873) (Atlantic (40°N - 36°S); Indian Ocean (08° - 34°S) and off Chile and New Zealand)
  • Warming's lantern fish, Ceratoscopelus warmingii (Lütken, 1892) (Atlantic(42°N - 40°S); Indian Ocean (20°N - 45°S);tropical/subtropical Pacific)
  • Bright lanternfish, Ctenoscopelus phengodes (Lütken, 1892), recorded as syn. Myctophum phengodes (Lütken, 1892) (Off all South African coasts)
  • Dasyscopelus asper, (Richardson, 1845), recorded as syn. Myctophum asperum Richardson, 1845, (off east coast and in Agulhas water pockets off west coast.)
  • Dasyscopelus obtusirostris (Tåning, 1928), recorded as syn. Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in pockets of Agulhas water)
  • Wisner's lanternfish, Dasyscopelus selenops (Tåning, 1928), recorded as syn. Myctophum selenops Tåning, 1928 (West of Cape Peninsula in Agulhas water pockets)
  • Spiny lanternfish, Dasyscopelus spinosus (Steindachner, 1867), recorded as syn. Myctophum spinosum (Steindachner, 1867) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)
  • Short-headed lantern fish, Diaphus brachycephalus Tåning, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets; broadly tropical in Atlantic and Indo-Pacific)
  • Crown lanternfish. Diaphus diadematus Tåning, 1928 (in Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets and warmed upwelled central water northwards to 18°S; Indian Ocean (02°N - 38°S, and in Mozambique channel, but absent in central sector)
  • Dumeril's lanternfish, Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856) (off west coast as pseudoceanic pelagic species southward to 23°S)
  • Headlight fish, Diaphus effulgens (Goode and Bean, 1896) (off all SA coasts)
  • Garman's lanternfish, Diaphus garmani (Gilbert, 1906)(east coast continental shelf/slope southwards to about 26°S)
  • Hudson's lanternfish, Diaphus hudsoni (Zubrigg and Scott, 1976) (From 18°S off west coast to 27°S off east coast)
  • Jensen's lanternfish, Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932 (one record at 33°49'S, 27°48'E; Indo-Pacific)
  • Spotlight lanternfish, Diaphus lucidus (Goode and Bean, 1896) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic(40°N - 38°S, but absent in Benguela upwelling region); also Indo-Pacific)
  • Luetken's lanternfish, Diaphus luetkeni (Brauer, 1904) (In Agulhas current to 37°S. Atlantic (42°N - 11°S) also Indo-Pacific)
  • Mead's lanternfish, Diaphus meadi Nafpaktitis, 1978 (In upwelled waters off west coast northwards to at least 21°S. Circumglobal convergence species (32° - 41°S))
  • Spothead lantern fish, Diaphus metopoclampus Cocco, 1829 South of 29°S off west coast and 27°S off east coast. Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indo-West Pacific)
  • Soft lanternfish, Diaphus mollis Tåning, 1928 (off all SA coasts, Broadly tropical distribution in all major oceans)
  • Diaphus nielseni Nafpaktitis, 1978 (taken once from Agulhas current (30°17'S, 31°25'E); off east coast of Madagascar, in Mozambique channel, and from southeast Asian seas to southern Japan)
  • Ostenfeld's lanternfish, Diaphus ostenfeldi Tåning, 1932 (off west coast northwards to about 23°S; Circumglobal convergence species (35° - 45°S))
  • Parr's lanternfish, Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932 (in Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets, Indian Ocean (10°N - 12°S with extension to 25°S in Mozambique channel), southeast Asian seas and Pacific (tropical waters west of 95°W))
  • Transparent lanternfish, Diaphus perspicillatus (Ogilby,1898) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Broadly tropical species in Atlantic (45°N - 36°S, but absent in southeastern sector); Indo-Pacific)
  • Problematic lanternfish, Diaphus problematicus Parr, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic(40°N - 39°S but absent south of 13°S in eastern sector); tropical Indo-Pacific with extensions into higher latitudes in western boundary currents)
  • Diaphus richardsoni Tåning, 1932 (Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)
  • Horned lanternfish, Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904) (in Agulhas current southward to 31°S; Atlantic (40°N to 28°S, but absent south of 10°S in eastern sector); Indo-Pacific)
  • Slopewater lanternfish, Diaphus taaningi Norman, 1930 (over west coast continental shelf/slope southward to 24°S. Amphitropical species in Atlantic(western sector; tropical waters to 42°N; eastern sector: southward from Mauretanian upwelling region to South African region)
  • Watases lanternfish, Diaphus watasei Jordan and Starks, 1904 (Over east coast continental shelf/slope southwards to about 30°S)
  • Longfin lanternfish, Diogenichthys atlanticus (Tåning, 1928) (Atlantic (50°N - 48°S), Indian Ocean (22° - 45°S) and Pacific (35°N - 35°S, but absent in equatorial waters west of 130°W and near Hawaii)
  • Diogenichthys panurgus Bolin, 1946 (In Agulhas current to about 38°S and in Indian Ocean (19°N - 05°S))
  • Risso's lanternfish,Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) (off east and west coasts of South Africa. Widespread in Atlantic (55°N - 40°S), Mediterranean, Indian Ocean (0° - 40°S), Tasman sea and Cook Strait, and eastern Pacific (42°N - 20°S))
  • Barne's lanternfish, Gonichthys barnesi Whitley, 1943 (Off east and west coasts, south of 30°S. Convergence species in all 3 oceans (30° - 40°S))
  • Gymnoscopelus braueri (Lönnberg, 1905) (Circumglobal between Subtropical convergence and Antarctica)
  • Southern blacktip lanternfish, Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931) (off west coast in Benguela upwelling region)
  • Hansen's lanternfish, Hygophum hanseni (Tåning, 1932) (From 30°S on west coast to 33°S on east coast. Convergence species (30° to 43°S) in all 3 oceans)
  • Bermuda lanternfish, Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892) (West of Cape Peninsula and off east coast (25° - 37°S))
  • Hygophum proximum Bekker, 1965) (South to about 37°S in Agulhas current; Indian Ocean (25°N - 10°S))
  • Luminous lanternfish, Lampadena luminosa (Garman, 1899) (In Agulhas current. In all 3 oceans (20°N - 20°S) with extensions into higher latitudes in western boundary currents)
  • Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis and Paxton, 1968 (Off east coast and cape peninsula; convergence species in all 3 oceans)
  • Mirror lanternfish, Lampadena speculigera Goode and Bean, 1896 (Off west and southeast coasts. Atlantic (66° - 35°N and 35° - 45°S), Indian Ocean (30° to 45°S) and Pacific Ocean (30° - 45°S))
  • Onderbaadjie, Hector's lanternfish, Lampanyctodes hectoris (Common in Benguela uprising region)
  • Lampanyctus achirus Andriashev, 1962 (Southern Benguela upwelling region, off south and east coasts, north to about 31°S)
  • Lampanyctus alatus Goode and Bean, 1896 (Off all South African coasts; Atlantic (46°N - 38°S), Indian Ocean (0° - 39°S)
  • Lampanyctus ater Tåning, 1928 (Off all South African coasts; Atlantic (58° - 17°N and 15° - 40°S) and Indian Ocean (12° - 44°S))
  • Southern lanternfish, Lampanyctus australis Tåning, 1932 (Off all South African coasts; Circumglobal convergence species(33° - 43°S with northern extension to about 27°S in eastern boundary currents))
  • Lampanyctus festivus Tåning, 1928 (off all South African coasts. Atlantic(53° - 18°N and 28° - 40°S with northern extension to 12°S in Benguela current and Indo-West Pacific.)
  • Lampanyctus intricarius Tåning, 1928 (In southern Benguela upwelling region. Atlantic (65° - 32°N and region of subtropical convergence) and Indo-Pacific (region of subtropical convergence, with northern extension to 18°S in eastern boundary currents)
  • Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Bekker, 1967 (off all South African coasts, circumglobal convergence species (23° - 48°S))
  • Lampanyctus lineatus Tåning, 1928 (Taken once at 34°12'S, 16°35'E)
  • Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode and Bean, 1896) (West of Cape Peninsula, Circumglobal between subtropical convergence and Antarctic polar front)
  • Lampanyctus nobilis Tåning, 1928 (In agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic (40°N - 21°S), Indo-Pacific)
  • Lampanyctus pusillus (Johnson, 1890) (Off all South African coasts. Bisubtropical species in all major oceans)
  • Lampanyctus turneri (Fowler, 1934) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Tropical and subtropical waters between south China sea and western Indian Ocean)
  • Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904) (Off Cape Peninsula, circumglobal convergence species (32° - 48°S) with extensions into lower latitudes in eastern boundary currents)
  • Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911) (Off all South African coasts. Mediterranean, Atlantic (50°N - 40°S), Indian Ocean (23° - 38°S), Tasman sea and south Pacific(region of subtropical convergence))
  • Cocco's lantern fish, Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838) (off all South African coasts. Worldwide in tropical/subtropical waters.)
  • Flaccid lanternfish, Metelectrona ventralis (Bekker, 1063) (West of Cape Peninsula in Southern Benguela upwelling region; Curcumglobal subantarctic species (36°-51°S))
  • Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman, 1899 (in Agulhas current south to about 31°S)
  • Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1809 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)
  • Notolychnus valdiviae (Brauer, 1904) (off all South African coasts)
  • Notoscopelus caudispinosus (Johnson, 1863) (in Agulhas current south to 34°S. Broadly tropical in Atlantic (42°N - 37°S) and Indian oceans)
  • Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845) (off all South African coasts)
  • Protomyctophum subparallelum Tåning, 1932 (off west coast at Vema seamount, Circumglobal in region of subtropical convergence with northern extension to 30°S in eastern boundary currents)
  • Protomyctophum normani Tåning, 1932 (once west of Slangkop lighthouse; Circumglobal convergence species (36° - 43°S))
  • Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906 (off all South African coasts)
  • Symbolophorus barnardi (Tåning, 1932) (occurs off all South African coasts)
  • Symbolophorus boops (Richardson, 1845) (Southern Benguela upwelling region north to 25°S; circumglobal in and south of subtropical convergence)
  • Symbolophorus evermanni (Gilbert, 1905) (Agilhas current south to about 33°S; tropical Indo-Pacific)
  • Taaningichthys bathyphilus (Tåning, 1928) (off east coast (30° - 33°S); widespread in all three oceans)
  • Taaningichthys minimus (Tåning, 1928) (taken at 34°15'S, 16°00'E; Atlantic (40° - 20°N and 08° - 38°S), Indian Ocean (20° - 30°S); central and eastern North Pacific)
  • Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer, 1904) (In Agulhas current south to about 40°S; Indian Ocean (08°N - 15°S) and Pacific Ocean (30°N - 30°S))

Family: Neoscopelidae – Blackchins

Order Notacanthiformes

Family: Halosauridae – Halosaurs

Family: Notacanthidae – Spiny eels

Order Ophidiiformes

Family: Aphyonidae – Aphyonids

Family: Bythitidae – Bythitids or Brotulas

Family: Carapidae – Pearlfishes

Family: Ophidiidae – Cuskeels

Family: Parabrotulidae – False brotulas

Order Osmeriformes

Family Leptochilichthyidae

Order Ovalentaria incertae sedis

Family: Ambassidae – Glassies

Family: Opistognathidae – Jawfishes

Family: Plesiopidae – Longfins Subfamily: Acanthoclininae – Spiny basslets

Subfamily: Plesiopinae

Family: Pomacentridae – Damselfishes

Family: Pseudochromidae – Dottybacks

Subfamily: Congrogadinae – Snakelets

Subfamily: Pseudochrominae

Subfamily: Pseudoplesiopinae

Order Perciformes

Main article: List of marine Perciform fishes of South Africa

6 suborders and 20 families are represented:

Order Pleuronectiformes – Flatfishes

Family: Achiropsettidae

  • Neoachiropsetta milfordi (Penrith, 1965) (off Cape Town, Argentina, Falkland Islands and New Zealand)(syn. Mancopsetta milfordi Penrith, 1965)

Family: Bothidae – Lefteye flounders

Family: Citharidae – Largescale flounders

Family: Paralichthyidae

Family: Pleuronectidae – Righteye flounders

Family: Cynoglossidae – Tonguefishes

Family: Soleidae – Soles

Order Polymixiiformes

Family: Polymixiidae – Beardfishes

  • Pacific beardfish Polymixia berndti Gilbert, 1905 (Off Natal, Kenya, Philippines, Japan and Hawaii)

Order Saccopharyngiformes

Family: Cyematidae – Arrow eels

  • Bobtail eel, snipe eel, scissorjaw eel, or arrow eel, Cyema atrum Günther, 1878 (Off southwest coast)
  • Neocyema erythrosoma Castle, 1978 (west of Cape Town)

Order: Scombriformes

Family: Ariommatidae

Family: Centrolophidae – Ruffs

  • Black ruff Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) (Temperate waters of Australia, New Zealand, South America and South Africa, also North Atlantic and Mediterranean)
  • Antarctic butterfish Hyperoglyphe antarctica (Carmichael, 1818) (Temperate waters; islands of south Atlantic and southern Indian oceans; New Zealand, southern Australia and South Africa)
  • New Zealand ruffe, Schedophilus huttoni (Waite, 1910) (Circumglobal in southern ocean, taken off Cape Town, common off Namibia)
  • Black butterfish or Peregrine driftfish, Schedophilus velaini (Sauvage, 1879) (Gulf of Guinea, to South Africa)(syn. Hyperoglypha moselii (Cunningham, 1910))
  • Flabby driftfish, Tasmanian ruffe, Tubbia tasmanica Whitley, 1943 (Temperate waters of Southern Ocean; New Zealand, Tasmania and South Africa off Natal)

Family: Chiasmodontidae – Swallowers

Family: Gempylidae – Snake mackerels

Family: Nomeidae – Driftfishes

Family: Pomatomidae – Elf

Family: Scombridae – Tunas, mackerels and bonitos

Subfamily: Gasterochismatinae

Subfamily: Scombrinae

Family: Stromateidae

Family: Tetragonuridae – Squaretails

Family: Trichiuridae – Frostfishes

Order Siluriformes – Catfishes

Family: Ariidae – Sea catfishes

Family: Plotosidae – Eel catfishes

  • Striped eel-catfish, Plotosus lineatus (Thunberg, 1787) (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)
  • Stinging eel-catfish, Plotosus nkunga Gomon & Taylor, 1982 (Knysna to Kosi Bay)

Order Stomiiformes

Family: Gonostomatidae – Bristlemouths

Family: Phosichthyidae – Lightfishes

Family: Sternoptychidae – Hatchetfishes

Subfamily: Maurolicinae

Subfamily: Sternoptychinae

Family: Stomiidae

Subfamily: Astronesthinae – Snaggletooths

  • Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist, 1902 (southeast of Cape Point, Circumpolar between 30° and 40°S)
  • Astronesthes indicus Brauer, 1902 (Circumglobal in tropical waters, Taken between 33° and 35°S on Atlantic side)
  • Astronesthes martensii Klunzinger, 1871 (Indonesia to Red Sea and south to Durban)
  • Borostomias mononema (Regan and Trewavas, 1929) (mainly in tropical waters of Atlantic and Indian oceans, Reported from Atlantic side at about 28°S and from Indian Ocean to about 25°S)
  • Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924) (off South Africa, Subtropical/temperate waters of all oceans)

Subfamily: Idiacanthinae – Sawtail-fishes

Subfamily: Malacosteinae – Loosejaws

  • Aristostomias polydactylus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (Taken once on Atlantic side, once on Indian Ocean side of the area, occurs in all three major oceans)
  • Malacosteus niger Ayres, 1848 (Tropical and subtropical in all three major oceans)

Subfamily: Melanostomiinae – Scaleless dragonfishes

  • Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh, 1923) (single specimen from off Cape Town; North Atlantic, Indian and pacific oceans)
  • Bathophilus longipinnis (Pappenheim, 1912) (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all three major oceans)
  • Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli, 1884 (Off Cape Town and off Port Elizabeth to Mozambique channel)
  • Echiostoma barbatum Lowe, 1843 (Southeast of Algoa Bay and off Cape Town; widespread in tropical/subtropical waters of all oceans)
  • Eustomias bulbornatus Gibbs, 1960 (south and west of Cape of Good Hope; Tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist, 1906) (off Cape Point; tropical and subtropical Atlantic)
  • Eustomias grandibulbus Gibbs, Clarke and Gomon, 1983 (off Cape Town)
  • Eustomias lipochirus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (2 specimens from south west of Cape of Good Hope; Tropical/subtropical Atlantic)
  • Eustomias schmidti Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all three major oceans)
  • Eustomias trewavasae Norman, 1930 (circumglobal between about 33° and 40°S)
  • Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer, 1911) (Tropical, subtropical and temperate Atlantic, also Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr, 1927 (once off Cape Columbine; widespread in Atlantic and southern Indian oceans)
  • Melanostomias niger Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924 (widespread in Atlantic between 20° and 50°S)
  • Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer, 1902 (off Cape Town and northeast of Durban; all three major oceans)
  • Opostomias micripnus (Günther, 1878) (northwest of Cape Town; occurs across the Atlantic, Pacific and possibly Indian Ocean south of about 33°S) (syn. Opostomias gibsonpacei Barnard, 1948)
  • Pachystomias microdon (Günther, 1878) (off Western Cape coast; widespread in all three major oceans)(Günther, 1878)
  • Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer, 1913) (off Cape Town; Atlantic and western Indian Ocean)
  • Photonectes parvimanus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; north Atlantic and central Pacific)
  • Trigonolampa miriceps Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; apparently circumglobal in Southern Ocean south of 30°S)

Subfamily: Stomiinae – Scaly dragonfishes

  • Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer, 1902), recorded as syn. Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer, 1902 (Taken once off Cape of Good Hope, Widespread in subtropical and tropical Atlantic and tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)
  • Stomias boa (Risso, 1810), recorded as syn. Stomias boa boa (Risso, 1810) (Taken offshore throughout the area)
  • Sloane's viperfish, Chauliodus sloani Schneider, 1801 (Taken offshore throughout the area)

Order: Stylephoriformes

Family: Stylephoridae – Tube-eye

  • Stylephorus chordatus Shaw, 1791 (Three specimens taken off the east coast between 31°51'S - 33°10'S, 28°17'E - 30°01'E)

Order Syngnathiformes

Family: Aulostomidae – Trumpetfishes

Family: Centriscidae – Snipefishes and shrimpfishes

Family: Fistulariidae – Flutemouths

Family: Solenostomidae – Ghost pipefishes

Family: Syngnathidae – Seahorses and pipefishes

Order Tetraodontiformes

Family: Balistidae – Triggerfishes

Family: Diodontidae – Burrfishes and porcupinefishes

Family: Molidae – Ocean sunfishes

Family: Monacanthidae – Filefishes

Family: Ostraciidae – Boxfishes

Subfamily: Aracaninae

  • Chubby basketfish, Anoplocapros inermis (Fraser-Brunner, 1935), recorded as syn. Anoplocapros robustus (Fraser-Brunner, 1941) and syn. Strophiurichthys robustus Fraser-Brunner, 1941, (one specimen from Algoa Bay)

Subfamily: Ostraciinae

Family: Tetraodontidae – Blaasops or Puffers

Family: Triacanthodidae – Spikefishes

Order: Trachichthyiformes

Family: Anoplogastridae – Fangtooth

  • Fangtooth Anoplogaster cornuta (Valenciennes, 1839) (In Agulhas current to about 29°S; north of 35°S off west coast. Worldwide between 46&degN and 46°S)

Family: Diretmidae – Spinyfins

  • Diretmichthys parini (Post & Quéro, 1981), recorded as syn. Diretmoides parini Post and Quéro, 1981 (Tropical to temperate in Atlantic ocean with gap between 7°N -17°S; probably curcumglobal in southern oceans)

Family: Monocentridae – Pineapple fishes

  • Pineapple fish Monocentris japonica (Houttuyn, 1782) (Indo-West Pacific and Red Sea south to Mossel Bay)(Recorded from False Bay on at least two occasions)

Family: Trachichthyidae – Slimeheads

Order Zeiformes

Family: Grammicolepididae – Tinselfishes

Family: Oreosomatidae – Oreos

Family: Zeidae – Dories

  • Cyttopsis rosea (Lowe, 1843) (off Natal, Eastern Atlantic from France to Southern Angola, Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, Southwest coast of India, Maldives and Japan)
  • King dory, Cyttus traversi Hutton, 1872 (Walvis ridge and off cape town to Algoa bay, south coast of Australia and New Zealand)
  • Buckler dory Zenopsis conchifer (Lowe, 1850) (Walvis Bay to Natal and north to India)
  • Cape dory, Zeus capensis Valenciennes, 1835 (St Helena Bay to Natal)
  • John Dory Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758 (common along whole SA coast)

Family: Zenionidae – Zeniontids

Gigaclass Sarcopterygii – Lobefin fishes

Class Coelacanthi

Order Coelacanthiformes – Coelacanths

Family: Latimeriidae

References

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  66. "Xyrichtys pavo Valenciennes, 1840". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  67. "Xyrichtys pentadactylus (Linnaeus, 1758)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  68. "Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1909)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  69. "Lethrinus elongatus Valenciennes, 1830". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  70. "Lethrinus mahsenoides Valenciennes, 1830". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  71. "Lethrinus ramak (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  72. "Lethrinus sanguineus Smith, 1955". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  73. "Cookeolus boops (Forster, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  74. "Scarus atrilunula Randall & Bruce, 1983". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  75. "Scarus sordidus Forsskål, 1775". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  76. "Johnius dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1833)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  77. "Sillago chondropus Bleeker, 1849". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  78. "Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  79. "Spicara australe (Regan, 1921)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  80. "Spicara axillare (Boulenger, 1900)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  81. "Coelorhynchus denticulatus Regan". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  82. "Nezumia leonis (Barnard, 1925)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  83. "Ventrifossa ori (Smith, 1968)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  84. "Mesobius antipodum Hubbs & Iwamoto, 1977". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  85. "Laemonema globiceps Gilchrist, 1906". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  86. "Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  87. "Eleotris fusca (Forster, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  88. "Eleotris mauritiana Bennett, 1832". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  89. "Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker, 1853". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  90. "Hypseleotris dayi Smith, 1950". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  91. "Trypauchen microcephalus Bleeker, 1860". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  92. "Yongeichthys nebulosus (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  93. "Bathygobius albopunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  94. Smith, J.L.B. 1959. Gobioid fishes of the families Gobiidae, Periophthalmidae, Trypauchenidae, Taenioididae, and Kraemeriidae of the Western Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Bulletin; No. 13. Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
  95. "Cryptocentrus pretoriusi Smith, 1958". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  96. "Glossogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes, 1837)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  97. "Mugilogobius inhacae (Smith, 1959)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  98. "Oligolepis keiensis (Smith, 1938)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  99. ^ Zsilavecz, Guido, Coastal fishes of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay: A divers' identification guide. SURG, Cape Town, 2005. ISBN 0-620-34230-7
  100. "Myripristis melanosticta Bleeker, 1863". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  101. "Apogon timorensis Bleeker, 1854". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  102. "Cheilodipterus lineatus Lacepède, 1801". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  103. "Apogon thermalis Cuvier, 1829". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  104. "Apogon queketti Gilchrist, 1903". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  105. "Apogon multitaeniatus Cuvier, 1828". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  106. "Apogon angustatus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  107. "Apogon apogonides (Bleeker, 1856)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  108. "Apogon enigmaticus (Smith, 1961)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  109. "Apogon aureus (Lacepède, 1802)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  110. "Apogon cookii MacLeay, 1881". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  111. "Apogon flagelliferus (Smith, 1961)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  112. "Apogon nigripes Playfair, 1867". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  113. "Apogon taeniophorus Regan, 1908". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  114. "Apogon fraenatus Valenciennes, 1832". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  115. "Apogon kallopterus Bleeker, 1856". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  116. "Archamia lineolata (Cuvier, 1828)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  117. "Archamia mozambiquensis Smith, 1961". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  118. "Antennarius coccineus (Lesson, 1831)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  119. "Antennarius tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  120. "Linophryne digitopogon Balushkin & Trunov, 1988". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  121. "Lophius upsicephalus Smith, 1841". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  122. "Halieutopsis micropus (Alcock, 1891)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  123. "Halieutaea spicata Smith, 1965". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  124. "Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, 1905". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  125. "Liza dumerili (Steindachner, 1870)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  126. "Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  127. "Liza tricuspidens (Smith, 1935)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  128. "Valamugil buchanani (Bleeker, 1853)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  129. "Valamugil seheli (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  130. "Liza vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  131. "Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  132. "Liza alata (Steindachner, 1892)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  133. "Liza luciae (Penrith & Penrith, 1967)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  134. "Liza melinoptera (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  135. "Myxus capensis (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  136. "Parupeneus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  137. "Parupeneus bifasciatus (Lacepède, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  138. "Myctophum phengodes (Lütken, 1892)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  139. "Myctophum asperum Richardson, 1845". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  140. "Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning, 1928". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  141. "Myctophum selenops Tåning, 1928". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  142. "Myctophum spinosum (Steindachner, 1867)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  143. "Cataetyx niki Cohen, 1981". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  144. "Ambassis productus Guichenot, 1866". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  145. "Chromis lepidolepis Bleeker, 1877". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  146. "Stegastes fasciolatus (Ogilby, 1889)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  147. "Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, 1871)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  148. "Chromis nigrura Smith, 1960". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  149. "Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  150. "Engyprosopon smithi Nielsen, 1964". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  151. "Parachirus xenicus Matsubara & Ochiai, 1963". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  152. "Solea fulvomarginata Gilchrist, 1904". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  153. "Synaptura marginata Boulenger, 1900". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  154. "Monochirus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  155. "Solea bleekeri Boulenger, 1898". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  156. "Psenes whiteleggii Waite, 1894". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  157. "Benthodesmus elongatus elongatus (Clarke, 1879)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  158. "Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant, 1884)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  159. "Gonostoma elongatum Günther, 1878". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  160. "Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer, 1902". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  161. "Stomias boa boa (Risso, 1810)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  162. "Centriscops obliquus Waite, 1911". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  163. "Doryrhamphus excisus excisus Kaup, 1856". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  164. "Doryrhamphus dactyliophorus (Bleeker, 1853)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  165. "Doryrhamphus multiannulatus (Regan, 1903)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  166. Kuiter, R.H. 2009. Seahorses and their Relatives ISBN 978-0-9775372-1-1
  167. "Xenobalistes punctatus Heemstra & Smith, 1983". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  168. "Mola ramsayi (Giglioli, 1883)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  169. "Paramonacanthus barnardi Fraser-Brunner, 1941". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  170. "Paramonacanthus cingalensis (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  171. "Anoplocapros robustus (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  172. "Arothron meleagris (Anonymous, 1798)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  173. "Arothron stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  174. "Chelonodon laticeps Smith, 1948". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  175. "Chelonodon pleurospilus (Regan, 1919)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  176. "Diretmoides parini Post & Quéro, 1981". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  177. Ribbink, A.J. and Roberts, M. "African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme: An overview of the conference contributions" in South African Journal of Science September/October 2006 - Volume 102 No. 9/10, Academy of Science of South Africa, ISSN 0038-2353
  178. "Latimeriidae Berg, 1940". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
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