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Lotherus

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This article is about mythical Danish King. For the medieval county, see Lothier. King of the Danes
Lotherus
King of the Danes
PredecessorHumble
SuccessorSkiod
IssueSkiod
HouseScylding
FatherDan I
MotherGrytha
ReligionPagan
Characters of Gesta Danorum
Danish kings (family tree)
Foreign rulers
Other men
Women

Lotherus (Lother) was one of the earliest kings of Denmark according to Saxo Grammaticus's Gesta Danorum.

Text

Gesta Danorum, 1.1–1.2 The Danish History, Book One
Verum a Dan (ut fert antiquitas) regum nostrorum stemmata, ceu quodam derivata principio, splendido successionis ordine profluxerunt. Huic filii Humblus et Lotherus fuere, ex Grytha summae inter Theutones dignitatis matrona suscepti.

Lecturi regem veteres affixis humo saxis insistere suffragiaque promere consueverant, subiectorum lapidum firmitate facti constantiam ominaturi. Quo ritu Humblus, decedente patre, novo patriae beneficio rex creatus sequentis fortunae malignitate ex rege privatus evasit. Bello siquidem a Lothero captus regni depositione spiritum mercatus est; haec sola quippe victo salutis condicio reddebatur. Ita fraternis iniuriis imperium abdicare coactus documentum hominibus praebuit, ut plus splendoris, ita minus securitatis aulis quam tuguriis inesse. Ceterum iniuriae tam patiens fuit, ut honoris damno tamquam beneficio gratulari crederetur, sagaciter, ut puto, regiae condicionis habitum contemplatus.

Sed nec Lotherus tolerabiliorem regem quam militem egit, ut prorsus insolentia ac scelere regnum auspicari videretur; siquidem illustrissimum quemque vita aut opibus spoliare patriamque bonis civibus vacuefacere probitatis loco duxit, regni aemulos ratus quos nobilitate pares habuerat. Nec diu scelerum impunitus patriae consternatione perimitur, eadem spiritum eripiente, quae regnum largita fuerat.

From Dan, however, so saith antiquity; the pedigrees of our kings have flowed in glorious series, like channels from some parent spring. Grytha, a matron most highly revered among the Teutons, bore him two sons, HUMBLE and LOTHER.

The ancients, when they were to choose a king, were wont to stand on stones planted in the ground, and to proclaim their votes, in order to foreshadow from the steadfastness of the stones that the deed would be lasting. By this ceremony Humble was elected king at his father's death, thus winning a novel favour from his country; but by the malice of ensuing fate he fell from a king into a common man. For he was taken by Lother in war, and bought his life by yielding up his crown; such, in truth, were the only terms of escape offered him in his defeat. Forced, therefore, by the injustice of a brother to lay down his sovereignty, he furnished the lesson to mankind, that there is less safety, though more pomp, in the palace than in the cottage. Also, he bore his wrong so meekly that he seemed to rejoice at his loss of title as though it were a blessing; and I think he had a shrewd sense of the quality of a king's estate.

But Lother played the king as insupportably as he had played the soldier, inaugurating his reign straightway with arrogance and crime; for he counted it uprightness to strip all the most eminent of life or goods, and to clear his country of its loyal citizens, thinking all his equals in birth his rivals for the crown. He was soon chastised for his wickedness; for he met his end in an insurrection of his country; which had once bestowed on him his kingdom, and now bereft him of his life.

The family tree of legendary Kings of the Danes, according to the Gesta Danorum (Books I to VII)

Kings of the Danes are in bold and marked with an asterisk (*). Kings of the Swedes are marked with a dagger (†). Superscript numbers before a name indicate in which books of Gesta Danorum the individual is mentioned.

Humble
KEY
Angul Dan* GrythaMarriage or coupling
Parent and child
The Angles Humble* Lother* King of the SaxonsSuccession by other or unclear means
Roar
Sigtryg, King of the Swedes† Skiold* Alfhild
daughter of Roar Bess
sister of Gram Gróa Gram*† Sumble, King of the Finns
Wagnhofde
Signe Henry, King of the Saxons Hakon, King of the Nitherians
Hardgrep
Swipdag*†, King of Norway sister of Guthorm Guthorm* Hadding* Ragnhild
Asmund† Gunnhild Guthorm
Ulfhild Ubbe*
Henry Uffe† Hunding† Thorhild Scot
daughter of Uffe Ragnar† Swanhwid sisters of Swanhwid Handwan
Thorwald
Frode* daughter of Handwan
Hothbrodd Halfdan* Ro Skat
Thora
Helge* Ro*
Athisl Urse
King Gewar Rolf*† Krage Rute Bjarke Skulde Hiartuar†*
Hother†* Nanna Herlek Gerit
former King of Britain mother of the King of Britain a slave a bondmaid Rorik* Gerwendil
King of Britain Queen of Britain Gerutha Horwendil Feng
foster sister of Amleth daughter of the King of Britain Amleth Hermutrude, Queen of Scotland Wiglek*
son of Amleth Wermund* Frowin, governor of Sleswik
Uffe*, aka Olaf the Gentle daughter of Frowin Ket Wig
Dan*
Hugleik*
Frode* the Vigorous
Dan*
Kraka Ragnar Brak Fridleif* the Swift Hun, King of the Huns Hun
Gotar, King of Norway Westmar Koll Gotwar
Roller Erik† Shrewd-spoken Gunwar the Fair Alfhild Frode* Hanund Grep (eldest of three) 11 other sons (two named Grep)
Hythin, King of Tellemark Alf Eyfura ArngrimGrubbHiarn*Amund, King of Norway
Halfdan† 12 sons, including AngantyAneJurithaFridleif*FrogerthaFrok
Hanef, King of SaxonySwerting, King of SaxonyOlafFrode*
Siward†Unnamed sonsIngeld*HelgaHelgeAsa
FrodeFridleifIngeldOlaf*Karl, governor of Gothland
UlfhildFrode*Hather, a chiefHarald*Signe
ErikThorhildHalfdan*† BiargrammHarald
Asmund
Kings of Norway

Name spellings are derived from Oliver Elton's 1905 translation, The First Nine Books of the Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus, via Wikisource.

See also

Notes

  1. Olrik's edition
  2. Elton's translation

References

  • Davidson, Hilda Ellis (ed.) and Peter Fisher (tr.) (1999). Saxo Grammaticus : The History of the Danes : Books I-IX. Bury St Edmunds: St Edmundsbury Press. ISBN 0-85991-502-6. First published 1979-1980.
  • Elton, Oliver (tr.) (1905). The Nine Books of the Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus. New York: Norroena Society. Available online
  • Olrik, J. and H. Ræder (1931). Saxo Grammaticus : Gesta Danorum. Available online
Legendary titles
Preceded byHumblus King of the Danes Succeeded bySkioldus
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