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Luna 27

Maquette of Luna 27 Moon lander
Names	Luna-Resurs 1 lander Luna-Resource-1 lander
Mission type	Technology, reconnaissance
Operator	Roscosmos
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Lander
Power	watts
Start of mission
Launch date	2028 (planned)
Rocket	Angara A5
Launch site	Vostochny, Site 1A
Contractor	Roscosmos
Moon lander
Luna-Glob programme← Luna 26Luna 28 →

Luna 27 (Luna-Resurs 1 lander or Luna-Resource-1 lander) is a planned lunar lander mission by the Roscosmos with collaboration by the European Space Agency (ESA) to send a lander to the South Pole–Aitken basin, an area on the far side of the Moon. Its objective will be to detect and characterise lunar polar volatiles. The mission is a continuation of the Luna-Glob programme.

Mission

The purpose is to prospect for minerals, volatiles (nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen, methane and sulfur dioxide), and lunar water ice in permanently shadowed areas of the Moon and investigate the potential use of these natural lunar resources. On the long term, Russia considers building a crewed base on the Moon's far side that would bring scientific and commercial benefits.

Europe's participation in the mission received final approval at a meeting of ministers in December 2016. European Space Agency (ESA) will contribute with the development of a new type of automated landing system, and will also be providing the 'PROSPECT' package, consisting of a drill (ProSEED), sample handling, and an analysis package (ProSPA). The percussion drill is designed to go down to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and collect cemented ice samples for an onboard miniaturised laboratory called ProSPA. The scientific payload consists of fifteen instruments.

The lander mission was announced in November 2014 by Russia, and its launch is planned for 2028.

Science payload

The lander will feature 15 science instruments that will analyse the regolith, plasma in the exosphere, dust, and seismic activity.

The European Space Agency payloads under collaboration with Russia was planned to fly Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation and Transportation (PROSPECT) program's ProSEED lunar sampling drill, ProSPA chemical laboratory and volatile analysis package and Exospheric Mass Spectrometer L-band (EMS-L) high-performance communications payload on this mission, but the ProSEED and ProSPA will now fly on a NASA Commercial Lunar Payload Services mission in 2025 and the EMS-L will now fly on JAXA/ISRO's LUPEX lunar rover mission in 2026 due to continued international collaboration being thrown into doubt by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions on Russia.

See also

• In-situ resource utilization
• Lunar water
• LUPEX
• Chang'e 6
• Soviet crewed lunar programs

References

1. ^ Katya Pavlushchnko (11 August 2023). "Yuri Borisov: Roscosmos plans to launch #Luna26 in 2027, Luna-27 – in 2028, and Luna-28 – in 2030 or later. After that, the next goal will be a crewed mission to the Moon" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
2. "Russia to launch Luna-27 lunar lander mission atop Angara rocket from Vostochny spaceport". TASS. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
3. Missions to the Moon Luna-27, The Planetary Society
4. ^ "ESA's plans for Lunar Exploration" (PDF). European Space Agency (ESA). 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
5. ^ Ghosh, Pallab (16 October 2015). "Europe and Russia mission to assess Moon settlement". BBC News. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
6. "Russia-ESA Lunar Exploration Cooperation: Luna Mission Speed Dating". European Space Agency (ESA). 17 February 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
7. Low-cost clocks for landing on the Moon 26 October 2017 ESA
8. ^ "PROSPECTing the Moon" (PDF). European Space Agency (ESA). 18 May 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
9. About PROSPECT ESA Accessed on 4 September 2019
10. "ProSPA: Analysis of Lunar Polar Volatiles and ISRU Demonstration on the Moon" (PDF).
11. Luna-27 (Luna-Resurs-Lander) payload Russian Space Research Institute (IKI) 2017
12. "Luna-Resurs lander (Luna-27)". RussianSpaceWeb.com. 10 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2015.
13. Luna 27 (Luna-Resurs-Lander) payload Russian Space Research Institute 2017 Accessed February 17, 2018
14. "ESA - Exploration of the Moon - About PROSPECT". exploration.esa.int. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
15. "LUNAR DRILL | Astronika". astronika.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
16. "ISRO's next Moon mission in collaboration with Japanese space agency gathers steam". THE ECONOMIC TIMES. 23 August 2023.
17. "ESA's PROSPECT lunar drill (originally scheduled to fly on Luna-27) will now fly on a NASA CLPS mission. ESA's PILoT-D (originally planned for Luna-25) navigation camera is "already being procured from a commercial service provider."". Twitter. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
18. Witze, Alexandra (11 March 2022). "Russia's invasion of Ukraine is redrawing the geopolitics of space". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-00727-x. PMID 35277688. S2CID 247407886. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
19. "Redirecting ESA programmes in response to geopolitical crisis". www.esa.int. Retrieved 14 April 2022.

External links

• Lunar and Planetary Department Moscow University
• Soviet Luna Chronology
• Exploring the Moon: Luna Missions

v t e Soviet and Russian space program
Roscosmos
Launch sites	Baikonur Cosmodrome (in Kazakhstan) Dombarovsky Kapustin Yar Plesetsk Cosmodrome Svobodny Cosmodrome (defunct) Vostochny Cosmodrome
Launch vehicles	Angara Proton Soyuz
Human spaceflight programs	Past Vostok Voskhod Salyut Almaz (incorporated into Salyut program) / TKS Soyuz-Apollo (joint) Mir Shuttle–Mir (joint) Energia / Buran Cancelled Zond (7K-L1) (Moon flyby) Soviet crewed lunar programs (Moon landing) Zvezda (moonbase) TMK (Mars/Venus flyby) Spiral Zvezda Zarya MAKS Kliper Active International Space Station (joint) Russian Orbital Segment Soyuz In development Orel
Robotic programs	Past Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik (1961–1982) Prognoz (1972–1996) Luna (1958–1976) Venera (1961–1985) Zond (1964–1970) Astron (1983-1991) Vega (1984-1987) Phobos (failed) (1988-1989) Granat (1989-1998) Gamma (1990-1992) Mars 96 (failed) (1996) Resurs-DK No.1 (2006-2016) CORONAS (1994-2009) Fobos-Grunt (failed) (2011) Spektr-R (2011–2019) Luna 25 (failed) (2023) Cancelled Kazachok Active Bion-M Elektro–L Trace Gas Orbiter (joint) Meteor-M Resurs-P Spektr-RG In development Luna-Glob Luna 26 Luna 27 Luna 28 Spektr-UV
Communications	Sputnik (begun 1957) Sputnik 1 Sputnik 2 Sputnik 3 Sputnik 41 Sputnik 99 Luch Deep Space Network
Concepts	Baikal-Angara Laplace-P Mars-Grunt Mercury-P OPSEK Spektr-M Venera-D Sfera
Images and artwork	Mission patches
Related	List of cosmonauts Cosmonaut ranks and positions Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation Soviet space dogs Laika Belka and Strelka Veterok and Ugolyok Ivan Ivanovich Soviet space exploration history on Soviet stamps Cosmonauts Alley Monument to the Conquerors of Space Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics Out of the Present (1995 documentary) Mission to Mir (1997 documentary)
See also: Space industry of Russia Russian Aerospace Defence Forces

• Missions to the Moon
• Russian space probes
• Russian lunar exploration program
• 2020s in Russia
• 2028 in spaceflight
• Proposed space probes