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Makrani (also known as Lotuni, Zadgaali, or Junoobi) is variety of the Balochi language spoken in the historical region of Makran in Balochistan in Pakistan as well as Iran. Spoken by the Makrani people, it is often categorised as an "important" dialect of Balochi. Makrani uses many loanwords especially from Sindhi, Urdu, and Persian. Some people consider Makrani a mix of Balochi and Sindhi. Makrani includes four dialects, Coastal, Lashari, Kechi, and Karachi. The Karachi dialect is spoken in Karachi. Makrani is the second most spoken Balochi dialect after Rakhshani in Iranian Balochistan.

Loanwords

Makrani is notable for being filled with loanwords from other languages. This is primarily seen in Sindhi, while also Persian, Urdu, and Arabic. Loanwords from Urdu is rather new due to the creation of Pakistan. Sindhi has been one of the main languages that Makrani uses for loanwords primarily because of the contact between Lasi speakers. The Makrani dialect also uses loanwords from the now extinct Sidi language, which was considered a variety of Swahili.

References

1. Spooner, Brian (1967). "Notes on the Baluchī Spoken in Persian Baluchistan". III: 8–9. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
2. Frawley, William J. (May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-977178-3.
3. "Baluchi Makrani language". Archived from the original on 2024-06-15. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
4. "ScholarlyCommons :: Home". Archived from the original on 2022-08-15. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
5. Edlefsen, John B.; Shah, Khalida; Farooq, Mohsin (1960). "Makranis, the Negroes of West Pakistan". Phylon. 21 (2): 124–130. doi:10.2307/274335. JSTOR 274335. Archived from the original on 2023-02-12. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
6. "Makrani language | Britannica". Archived from the original on 2020-12-01. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
7. Priyadarshi, Premendra (19 May 2021). Origin and Spread of Domestication and Farming: The domestication of animals and plants and the origin of farming leading to human and animal migrations out of India to the rest of Asia. Notion Press. ISBN 9781639047000.
8. https://pjsr.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/18.-Vol-4.-Issue-2-Apl-Jun-2022-Khan-Ali-Jan-Morphological-Properties-of-Balochi-Verbs.pdf Archived 2024-03-19 at the Wayback Machine
9. "Balochi Dialects". 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
10. https://dl1.cuni.cz/mod/resource/view.php?id=387216
11. Baloch, Hamid Ali (2014). "LANGUAGE CONTACT IN BALOCHISTAN: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE OF THE BALOCHI LANGUAGE" (PDF): 39. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-11-07. Retrieved 2022-08-17. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

• Western Iranian languages