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Payyanur
Municipality
Payyanur Railway Station
PayyanurLocation in Kerala, IndiaShow map of KeralaPayyanurPayyanur (India)Show map of India
Coordinates: 12°06′27″N 75°11′40″E / 12.1076100°N 75.1943590°E / 12.1076100; 75.1943590
State	Kerala
District	Kannur
Taluk	Payyanur
Municipality Established	1990
Government
• Type	Municipal council
• Municipal chairperson	K.V. Lalitha
• MLA	TI. Madhusoodanan
• Deputy Superintendent of Police	Vinod Kumar K
Area
• Total	54.63 km (21.09 sq mi)
Elevation	14 m (46 ft)
Population
• Total	72,111
• Density	1,300/km (3,400/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Malayalam, English
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	670307
Telephone code	+91 4985
ISO 3166 code	IN-KL
Vehicle registration	KL-86
Nearest city	Kannur (36 km)
Sex ratio	1159 ♂/♀
Literacy	94.08%
Assembly constituency	Payyanur
Lok Sabha constituency	Kasaragod

Payyanur (Malayalam: [pɐjːɐnːuːr]), is a municipal town and a taluk, a sub-district administrative unit, in the Kannur district of Kerala, India. Payyanur is the first municipality in Kerala to establish libraries in all its wards. On 10 March 2018, Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurated Payyanur as the fifth taluk in the district. Payyanur taluk comprises 22 villages including 16 de-linked from the Taliparamba taluk and six from the Kannur taluk. The town is situated on the banks of the Perumba River.

Location

Payyanur is located 36 km North of District HQ Kannur city, 501 km away from State capital Thiruvananthapuram city, 301 km North of Ernakulam city, 126 km North of Kozhikode city, 56 km South of Kasaragod town and 112 km away from Mangalore city. The town lies by the side of three rivers - Perumba River, Punnakka river (Payyanur river) and Kavvayi river (Thattar river).

Demographics

As of 2011 census, Payyanur had a population of 72,111, with males constituting 46% of the population and females 54%. Payyanur has an average literacy rate of 94.08%. This is higher than the state average of 94.00%. Male literacy is 97.02%, and female literacy is 91.60%. In Payyanur, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Etymology

Payyan is an appellation of the Hindu deity Kartikeya and ooru means town or place. Thus Payyanur means the land of Lord Kartikeya derived from the presence of the Sri Subramany Swamy temple here.

During the Renaissance era, Payyanur was known to English sailors as Delyn, named after the nearby hill of Ezhimala.

Geography

Payyanur is located at coordinates 12°06′N 75°12′E / 12.1°N 75.2°E / 12.1; 75.2. It has an average elevation of 16 metres (51 feet).

History

Payyanur is one of several extant ancient civilized places in Kerala. The northern town of Kerala claims a rich recorded history. The archaeological remains excavated from Payyanur and nearby places prove the existence of a city in this area centuries ago.

The earliest known mention of this town is in the Brahmanda Purana, when Garga Muni talks about this place to the Pandavas during their exile.

Several notable travelers have described this area in their writings. Ibn Battuta visited Ezhimala in AD 1342 and wrote about the large seaport and the Chinese ships anchored here. Abul Fida in AD 1273, Marco Polo in AD 1293, the Italian explorer Niccolò de' Conti in the 15th century and the Portuguese scholar and traveler Barbosa all visited this place and gave extensive accounts of Ezhimala port, which was then known as "Heli". The scholar and author Hermann Gundert and William Logan, the Malabar District Collector during the British Colonial rule, who wrote Malabar Manual, also visited Payyanur and studied the rich heritage of the area.

Centuries back, Payyanur was a part of the Ezhimala/Mushika/Kolathiri Kingdom.Book named Mushikavamsha writtern by Atula mention this place. King Nandan was well known as a great warrior and ruler. The books written during the Sangam period describe the area and King. Ezhimala was also under the rule of the Cheras. A famous ruler there was Pazhassi Raja.

Payyanur Pattu, the ballad written by an unknown person belonging to the Chettiar community sometime during the 13th or 14th century, was set here.

Evolution of Payyanur

In the past, the city of Kachil Patanam (presently Kavvayi) was the main town due to the proximity of waterways through Kavvayi River and its large seaport. It was both the administrative and business center during that time. According to historians, the ships from China and other countries used to visit this port and were anchored in the nearby river Changoorichal. Kavvayi retained its position during the rule of British East India Company also. They established the first Magistrate's court and Registrar's Office in Kavvayi.

Later, Kokkanisseri became the city center. The main road, which starts from Perumba in the east, up to old post office in the west and Kunhimangalam Mana in the south to government hospital in the north is called Kokkanisseri. The south of this town was called Payyanur village and the north of Kokkanisseri is called Moorikkovval village. The business center was called Kokkanisseri Bazaar. Later, the name Payyanur became common and thus the developed city of today came into existence.

During the regime of the Kolathiri Dynasty, Payyanur was a part of Kolathu Nadu, ruled by the Kolathiri Rajas based in Chirakkal near Kannur. During British rule, Payyanur was considered as a "farka" which in turn is a part of the Chirakkal Taluk. Until the formation of Kerala State in 1957, Payyanur remained in the Malabar District of the Madras State.

Education

Colleges in Payyanur

• Swami Anandatheertha Campus, Payyanur
• Ampere Institute of Engineering and Private ITI.
• Sree Narayana Guru College of Engineering & Technology.
• Payyannur College, Edat.
• Gurudev Arts & Science College, Mathil
• College of Engineering and Technology, Payyanur
• Govt. Residential women's polytechnic college Payyanur.
• Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit Regional Centre, Payyanur
• AWH- al-badar special college Payyanur. Department of psychology

Administration

Payyanur Taluk is one among the five taluks in Kannur district which has administration over 22 villages.

Payyanur Municipality is divided into 44 wards covering an area of 54.63 km (21.09 sq mi) for which the elections are held every five years. The current ruling party is CPI(M).

Payyanur Assembly constituency is part of Kasaragod Loksabha constituency. The current Payyanur MLA is T. I. Madhusoodanan.

Law and Order

The municipality comes under the jurisdiction of Payyanur police station, established on 13 January 1881 during British raj.

Payyanur is also headquarters of one among the four sub divisions in Kannur rural police district formed on 18.02.2021. It is situated about 500 m west of National Highway 66. The sub division has jurisdiction over five police stations and one control room viz Payyanur, Pazhayangadi, Pariyaram medical college, Peringome and Cherupuzha. Indian Naval Academy at Ezhimala and Central Reserve Police Force Training Camp near Peringome, Pariyaram Govt Medical college and Govt Ayurveda Medical college are situated in Payyanur subdivdison limit.

Court complexes in Payyanur

• Sub Court, Payyanur
• Munsiff Court, Payyanur
• Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Payyanur

Transportation

The National Highway 66 passes through Perumba junction. Goa and Mumbai can be accessed on the northern side and Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram can be accessed on the southern side. National Highway 66 is given node for construction of 6 lane road on Payyanur and other stretches of Kerala.

Payyanur has several private and KSRTC buses plying places inside and outside the district. Payyanur is well-connected to its suburbs through several bus services. Payyanur town has three bus terminals — KSRTC Bus terminal, Payyanur on NH-66 road, Old Bus Stand, Payyanur and New Bus Stand, Payyanur on the Main road, Payyanur.

Payyanur is one of the major station that lies in the Shoranur-Mangalore Section of Southern Railway and comes under A category stations under Palakkad division. The station has 3 platforms and 4 tracks.

The nearest Airport Kannur is 57 km (35 mi) away and Mangalore of 115 km (71 mi) away.

Social Service

Orator and freedom fighter KP Kunhirama Poduval, who founded Sanjayan Smaraka Grandhalayam at Annur (Sanjayan Memorial Library), is from here. Kelappan Service Center (perhaps the only institution built in memory of K Kelappan, also known as "Kerala Gandhi") and Payyanur Co-operative Stores are among a number of social organizations in the area.

Culture

Theyyam and religious festivals (Kaliyattam) of various temples attract people to Payyanur. Poorakkali and Kolkali are the major traditional dance ritual performances. Architect Kunhimangalam Narayanan, dancer Vannadil Pudiyaveettil Dhananjayan, the Sanskrit scholar E. Sreedharan, are all from the area. The native place of legendary Kathakali master Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair is not far from this town. Kandoth in Payyanur is famous for pottery. The weaver's streets of various villages around Payyanur contribute to the fame of the handlooms of Kannur.

Pavithra Mothiram

Payyanur Pavithram, or Pavithra Mothiram is a particular ring worn during performing Vedic or holy rituals or during the "pithrubali" (ceremony performed for the well-being of the ancestors or departed souls) in the Hindu tradition. The traditional Pavitram is usually made of dharba grass. The formation of Payyanur Pavitram is closely related to Payyanur Sree Subrahmanya Swami Temple.

Notable people

• Ganapathi S Poduval, film actor
• Chidambaram S. Poduval, film director
• Deepak Parambol, film actor
• Abhiram Radhakrishnan, film actor
• V. P. Appukutta Poduval, freedom fighter
• Unnikrishnan Namboothiri, film actor
• P. V. Kunhikrishnan, judge of Kerala High Court
• V. P. Balagangadharan, author and former space scientist
• C. V. Balakrishnan, writer
• Satheesh Babu Payyannur, writer
• Dhananjayans, classical dancers- Padma awardee
• V. P. Krishnakumar, award-winning sound engineer
• K. U. Mohanan, cinematographer
• Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri, lyricist
• Kaithapram Viswanathan Namboothiri, music director
• Sahal Abdul Samad, professional footballer
• Malavika Mohanan, film actress
• Parvathy Nambiar, film actress
• K. C. Venugopal, Indian politician
• P. Kunhikrishnan, ISRO scientist
• Subeesh Sudhi, film actor
• Mohan Kupleri, film director
• Anaswara Rajan, film actress
• Ratheesh Balakrishnan Poduval, film director
• Felix Bast, phycocologist

See also

• Kavvayi Island, 3 km from Payyannur
• Annur Sree Mahavishnu Temple
• Kandamkulangara
• Kandankali
• Valiyaparamba Backwaters, 15 km from Payyannur
• Indian Naval Academy, 5 km from Payyannur Railway Station
• Ezhimala, 12 km from Payyannur Town
• Mangalore city, Karnataka.114 km from Payyannur Town
• Kunhimangalam village, 8 km from Payyannur town
• Payyannur railway station

References

1. "Payyanur Municipal Councilors".
2. "Law and Order - Kannur Rural". keralapolice.gov.in.
3. "Kerala (India): Districts, Cities and Towns - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
4. "Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
5. "Payyanur Municipality first in Kerala to have libraries in all wards". The Hindu. 21 August 2023.
6. "Payyannur taluk to be a reality this week!". Times of India.
7. "Payyanur — an ancient town shrouded by hills and rivers". DNA India. 5 February 2012.
8. "Religion – Kerala, Districts and Sub-districts". Census of India 2011. Office of the Registrar General.
9. Kerala, Directorate of Census Operations. District Census Handbook, Kannur (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala. p. 174,175. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
10. A Relation of Some Yeares Travaile, Begunne Anno 1626. Into Afrique and the Greater Asia., by Thomas Herbert
11. Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Payyanur
12. ^ "Payyanur Informations : Payyanur Municipality Profile". Payyanur, India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2010.
13. "Subrahmanya". Archived from the original on 27 November 2010. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
14. "Payyannur Paattola – Nilakesi's revenge". historicalleys.blogspot.in. 15 August 2009. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
15. "1994 – പയ്യന്നൂർപ്പാട്ട്". ഗ്രന്ഥപ്പുര. 7 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
16. "Higher Education Institutes in Kannur University".
17. "Village Offices in Payyanur Taluk" (PDF). Government of India.
18. "Payyanur Municipality - LSGD".
19. "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Kerala. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 18 October 2008.
20. "Payyanur PS". keralapolice.gov.in.
21. "Payyanur Sub Division". keralapolice.gov.in.
22. "Judicial Setup of Kannur district". districts.ecourts.gov.in.
23. "Land acquisition for NH 66 work on track". The Hindu. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
24. "Railway stations in Mangalore among 15 to get certification". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
25. "Payyannur Pavithra Mothiram in a Geographical Indication tag ownership tussle". The Times of India.

v t e State of Kerala
Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
Districts	Thiruvananthapuram KL-01 Kollam KL-02 Pathanamthitta KL-03 Alappuzha KL-04 Kottayam KL-05 Idukki KL-06 Ernakulam KL-07 Thrissur KL-08 Palakkad KL-09 Malappuram KL-10 Kozhikode KL-11 Wayanad KL-12 Kannur KL-13 Kasaragod KL-14
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Taluks	Adoor Alathur Aluva Ambalappuzha Chalakudy Changanassery Chavakkad Chengannur Cherthala Chirayinkeezhu Chittur Devikulam Eranad Hosdurg Idukki Iritty Kanayannur Kanjirappally Kannur Karthikappally Karunagappalli Kasaragod Kattakada Kochi Kodungallur Kollam Kondotty Konni Kothamangalam Kottarakkara Kottayam Koyilandy Kozhencherry Kozhikode Kunnamkulam Kunnathunad Kunnathur Kuttanad Mallapally Mananthavady Manjeshwaram Mannarkkad Mavelikkara Meenachil Mukundapuram Muvattupuzha Nedumangad Neyyattinkara Nilambur North Paravur Ottapalam Palakkad Pathanapuram Pattambi Payyanur Peermade Perinthalmanna Ponnani Punalur Ranni Sultan Bathery Taliparamba Thalapilly Thalassery Thamarassery Thiruvalla Thiruvananthapuram Thodupuzha Thrissur Tirur Tirurangadi Udumbanchola Vaikom Varkala Vatakara Vellarikundu Vythiri
Municipal corporations	Thiruvananthapuram Kozhikode Kochi Kollam Thrissur Kannur
Municipalities	Adoor Anthoor Alappuzha Aluva Angamaly Attingal Chalakudy Changanassery Chavakkad Chengannur Cherthala Chittur-Thathamangalam Eloor Guruvayur Irinjalakuda Iritty Kalamassery Kalpetta Kanhangad Karunagappalli Kasaragod Kattappana Kayamkulam Kodungallur Kondotty Kuthuparamba Kothamangalam, Kerala Kottakkal Kottarakkara Kottayam Koyilandy Kunnamkulam Malappuram Manjeri Maradu Mattanur Mavelikkara Muvattupuzha Nedumangad Neyyattinkara Nilambur Nileshwaram North Paravur Ottapalam Pala Palakkad Panoor Parappanangadi Paravur Pathanamthitta Payyanur Perinthalmanna Perumbavoor Ponnani Punalur Shoranur Sreekandapuram Tanur Thalassery Taliparamba Thiruvalla Thodupuzha Thrikkakkara Thrippunithura Tirur Tirurangadi Valanchery Vatakara Vaikom Varkala
Other towns	North Edappal Thavanur Puthanathani Kottakkal Angadipuram Mankada Kuttippuram Karipur Areekode Wandoor Vengara Vallikkunnu Olavanna Kunnamangalam Thamarassery Thiruvambady Kodencheri Balussery Perambra Nadapuram Kuttiady Lakkidi Vythiri Chundale Meppadi Kottappadi Part Muttil Padinharethara Meenangadi Panamaram Pulpally Peravoor Dharmadom Anjarakkandy Muzhappilangad Azhikode Cherukunnu Pappinisseri Kalliasseri Irikkur Alakode Thrikaripur Cheruvathur Bekal Udma Vellarikundu Parappa Karadka Kumbla Mangalpady Uppala Manjeshwar Central Peermade Vandiperiyar Kumily Rajakkad Munnar Devikulam Adimali Kolenchery Puthencruz Kunnathunad Kalady Malayattoor Chottanikkara Udayamperoor Varappuzha Sreemoolanagaram Nedumbassery Mala Kodakara Puthukkad Manaloor Pavaratty Chelakkara Vadakkencherry Alathur Nemmara Puthunagaram Malampuzha Sreekrishnapuram Lakkidi-Perur Thrithala South Parassala Balaramapuram Kattakada Chirayinkeezhu Kilimanoor Parippally Chathannoor Kottiyam Kundara Neendakara Chavara Oachira Sasthamkotta Kunnathur Anchal Kadakkal Pathanapuram Thenmala Kulathupuzha Kozhencherry Konni Ranni Mallapally Kumbanad Aranmula Kulanada Omallur Vadasserikara Parumala Mannar Charummoodu Ambalappuzha Mararikulam Aroor Kanjirappally Erumely Mundakayam Vazhoor Karukachal Pampady Puthuppally Kuravilangad Uzhavoor Thalayolaparambu Kaduthuruthy
Historical regions	Kolathunadu (Kingdom of Cannanore) Zamorin Malabar North Malabar South Malabar Cochin Venad (kingdom) Travancore Travancore–Cochin
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v t e Malabar region
Metropolitan cities: Kozhikode, Malappuram, Kannur
States/UTs	Kerala Lakshadweep Puducherry Tamil Nadu
Districts	Kannur Kozhikode Lakshadweep Mahe Malappuram Nilgiris (part) Palakkad (part) Thrissur (part) Ernakulam (part) Kollam (part) Thiruvananthapuram (part) Wayanad
Taluks	Alathur Chavakkad Chirayinkeezhu (part) Chittur Eranad Gudalur Iritty Kannur Kodungallur (part) Kollam (part) Kondotty Koyilandy Kozhikode Mananthavady Mannarkkad Nilambur Ottapalam Palakkad Pandalur Pattambi Perinthalmanna Ponnani Sultan Bathery Taliparamba Thalassery Thamarassery Tirur Tirurangadi Vatakara Vythiri
Municipal Corporations	Kozhikode Kannur Kochi (Fort Kochi area only) Kollam Municipal Corporation (Thangassery area only)
Municipalities	Anthoor Chavakkad Cherpulassery Feroke Gudalur Guruvayur Iritty Kalpetta Koduvally Kondotty Kuthuparamba Kottakkal Koyilandy Mahe Malappuram Manjeri Mannarkkad Mattanur Mukkam Nilambur Ottapalam Palakkad Panoor Parappanangadi Pattambi Payyanur Perinthalmanna Ponnani Ramanattukara Shoranur Sreekandapuram Tanur Thalassery Taliparamba Tirur Tirurangadi Valanchery Vatakara
Other towns	Alakode Alathur Amini Anchuthengu Andrott Angadipuram Anjarakkandy Areekode Azhikode Balussery Chemmad Cherukunnu Chundale Devarshola Dharmadom Edappal Irikkur Kadmat Kalliasseri Kalpeni Karipur Kavaratti Kodencheri Kottappadi Kunnamangalam Kuttiady Kuttippuram Lakkidi Lakkidi-Perur Malampuzha Mankada Meenangadi Meppadi Minicoy Muttil Muzhappilangad Nadapuram Nelliyalam O' Valley Olavanna Padinharethara Panamaram Pappinisseri Pavaratty Perambra Peravoor Pulpally Puthanathani Sreekrishnapuram Thamarassery Thavanur Thiruvambady Thrithala Vallikkunnu Vengara Vythiri Wandoor
Historical regions	Arakkal kingdom Chirakkal kingdom Eranad Kingdom of Kadathanadu Kavalappara Kingdom of Kottayam Kingdom of Tanur Kingdom of Valluvanad Kolathunadu Kurumbranad Malabar District (North Malabar, South Malabar) Mannarghat Nilambur Kingdom Parappanad Zamorin of Calicut
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• Cities and towns in Kannur district