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Lutos language

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(Redirected from Ruto language) Central Sudanic language of CAR and Chad ‹ The template Infobox language is being considered for merging. ›
Lutos
Ruto
Native toCentral African Republic, Chad
Native speakers(19,000 cited 1993–1996)
Language familyNilo-Saharan?
Dialects
  • Ruto
  • Nduka
Language codes
ISO 639-3ndy
Glottologluto1241

Lutos (Ruto) is a Central Sudanic language of CAR and Chad. Two distinctive dialects are Lutos/Ruto proper and Nduka.

Phonology

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Labiovelar Glottal
Plosive oral p b t d k g kp gb
nasal ᵐb ⁿd ᵑg ᵑᵐgb
Implosive ɓ ɗ
Fricative oral f v s z h
nasal ᵐv ⁿz
Nasal m n ɲ
Approximant w r, l ɽ j
  • /s/ can sometimes be heard as syllable-finally.
Vowels
Front Central Back
High i u ũ ũː
Mid-high e ə o õ õː
Mid-low ɛ ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː
Low a ã ãː

Additionally, there exists the diphthong /ua/. It cannot be lengthened nor nasalised.

Lutos has three tones: high, mid, low.

References

  1. Lutos at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. International Encyclopedia of Linguistics ed. William J. Frawley · 2003 p303 " In Central African Republic: 17,000 speakers in Nde ́le ́, Kaga Andoro, and Kabo subprefectures. Dialects are Nduka (Ndouka, Ndoukwa), Lutos (Ruto, Routo, Rito, Luto, Louto), Wada (Wad), Nduga (Ngougua), Konga."
  3. ^ Olson, Kenneth S. (26 August 2013). A Sketch of Lutos Phonology. 43rd Colloquium on African Languages & Linguistics. Leiden.
Central Sudanic languages
Part of the proposed Nilo-Saharan language family
Bongo–Bagirmi
Bongo–Baka
Morokodo–Beli
Kara
Bagirmi
Sara
East
Central
West
Kaba
Vale
Yulu
Fongoro?
Sinyar?
Birri–Kresh
Birri
Kresh
Lendu–Mangbetu
Mangbetu–Asoa
Mangbutu–Lese
Lenduic
Moru–Madi
Moru
Central Ma'di
Southern Ma'di
Mimi-D?
Italics indicate extinct languages


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