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S5 1803+784
The BL Lac object S5 1803+784.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Constellation	Draco
Right ascension	18 00 45.683
Declination	+78° 28′ 04.018″
Redshift	0.691000
Heliocentric radial velocity	207,157 km/s
Distance	6.419 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)	15.90
Apparent magnitude (B)	16.4
Characteristics
Type	FRSQ, BL LAC
Other designations
IRAS 18036+7827, S5 1803+78, NVSS J180045+782805, WMAP 072, 4FGL J1800.6+7828, 6C B180338.9+782745

S5 1803+784 is a BL Lacertae object located in the far northern constellation of Draco. It has an estimated redshift of (z) 0.68 and was first discovered as an astronomical radio source in 1981 by a team of astronomers. This object is also classified as a blazar because of its extreme variability on the electromagnetic spectrum and a source of gamma ray activity. According to preliminary analysis in May 2011, the source of S5 1803+784 has a gamma ray flux (E>100 MeV) of (1.1 ± 0.2) electron photon cm s.

Description

S5 1803+784 is in a constant flaring state. In April 2020, S5 1803+784 had a major outburst followed by more flaring episodes. During this period, S5 1803+784 exhibited highest flux level of 1.1 x 10 ph cm s while in pre-flaring region, a low flux was shown below 0.2 x 10 ph cm s. In August 2020, S5 1803+784 entered a new flaring phase which lasted for 57 days. Its source brightness varied from 13.617 ± 0.009 to 15.888 ± 0.01 in R-bands, which the brightest-ever state for S5 1803+783 was observed on August 25. It is also known to show near-infrared flares.

In an optical light curve, S5 1803+784 showed the overall variation greater than 3 magnitudes with the largest changes observed within three flares through no periodicity was found. However, the radio band variability is found different, showing modest oscillations instead of flares with a maximum amplitude of 30%.

S5 1803+784 shows a peculiar radio structure with a compact radio core. There is a presence of an ejector nozzle, 0.1 parsecs in diameter surrounded by a ring structure with both a diameter of 1.4 parsecs and a width of 0.25 parsecs. Furthermore, it has a weaker secondary component located 45 arcseconds south and slightly to the west side of the core with a faint emission bridge joining them together.

The jet of S5 1803+784 has a complex morphology. In milliarcsecond-scales, it is described as a bend chain of seven individual jet components with both separation gaps of 0.2 and 3 mas from its core, where new components appear to be emerging from it every two years. Three of the jet components are found to approach a brightest and stationary component (1.4 mas at 8.4 GHz) exhibiting apparent superluminal motion. Further studies showed in the jet's parsec-scale, most of the jet components within the inner core remain constant over a long period of time with the jet's width changing periodically around 8–9 years. Interestingly, the jet is shaped into a cone which the 18-cm emission from the injector region is found to be weaken by a factor of 300.

References

1. Strom, R. G.; Biermann, P. L. (1991-02-01). "1803+784 : a BL Lacertae object with remarkable radio properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 242: 313. Bibcode:1991A&A...242..313S. ISSN 0004-6361.
2. Nesci, R.; Massaro, E.; Maesano, M.; Montagni, F.; Sclavi, S.; Venturi, T.; Dallacasa, D.; D'Alessio, F. (July 2002). "Optical and Radio Monitoring of S5 1803+784". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (1): 53–64. arXiv:astro-ph/0204365. Bibcode:2002AJ....124...53N. doi:10.1086/341038. ISSN 0004-6256.
3. Biermann, P.; Duerbeck, H.; Eckart, A.; Fricke, K.; Johnston, K. J.; Kuhr, H.; Liebert, J.; Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K.; Schleicher, H.; Stockman, H.; Strittmatter, P. A.; Witzel, A. (July 1981). "Observations of six flat spectrum sources from the 5 GHz survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 247: L53. Bibcode:1981ApJ...247L..53B. doi:10.1086/183588. ISSN 0004-637X.
4. Carrasco, L.; Porras, A.; Escobedo, G.; Recillas, E. (2022-07-01). "A New NIR Flare of the Blazar HB89 1803+784". The Astronomer's Telegram. 15505: 1. Bibcode:2022ATel15505....1C.
5. Nesci, R.; Maesano, M.; Massaro, E.; Montagni, F.; Trenta, F. (1999-01-01). "BVRI photometry of the blazar S5 1803+78". Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana. 70: 233–234. Bibcode:1999MmSAI..70..233N. ISSN 0037-8720.
6. Giroletti, M.; Ciprini, S.; La Mura, G. (2022-03-01). "Fermi-LAT detection of highest gamma-ray daily flux from the BL Lac S5 1803+78". The Astronomer's Telegram. 15292: 1. Bibcode:2022ATel15292....1G.
7. Reyes, Luis C. (2011-05-01). "Fermi LAT detection of a GeV flare from blazar S5 1803+78". The Astronomer's Telegram. 3322: 1. Bibcode:2011ATel.3322....1R.
8. Nowakowski, Tomasz; Phys.org. "Study investigates flaring activity of blazar S5 1803+78". phys.org. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
9. Pursimo, Tapio; Ojha, Roopesh; Dahle, Haakon (2020-05-01). "Bright Optical Flare in the flaring gamma-ray BL Lac S5 1803+784". The Astronomer's Telegram. 13711: 1. Bibcode:2020ATel13711....1P.
10. Priya, Shruti; Prince, Raj; Agarwal, Aditi; Bose, Debanjan; Özdönmez, Aykut; Ege, Ergün (2022-04-15). "Multiwavelength temporal and spectral analysis of Blazar S5 1803+78". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 513 (2): 2239–2251. arXiv:2204.04739. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1009. ISSN 0035-8711.
11. Agarwal, A.; Pandey, Ashwani; Özdönmez, Aykut; Ege, Ergün; Kumar Das, Avik; Karakulak, Volkan (2022-07-01). "Characterizing the Optical Nature of the Blazar S5 1803+784 during Its 2020 Flare". The Astrophysical Journal. 933 (1): 42. arXiv:2205.02171. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6cef. ISSN 0004-637X.
12. Carrasco, L.; Escobedo, G.; Porras, A.; Recillas, E.; Felix, L. (2023-11-01). "A recent NIR Flare and similar amplitude fluctuations near maximum light of the blazar [HB89] 1803+784". The Astronomer's Telegram. 16344: 1. Bibcode:2023ATel16344....1C.
13. Nesci, R.; Massaro, E.; Maesano, M.; Montagni, F.; Sclavi, S.; Venturi, T.; Dallacasa, D.; D'Alessio, F. (2002-07-01). "Optical and Radio Monitoring of S5 1803+784". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (1): 53–64. arXiv:astro-ph/0204365. Bibcode:2002AJ....124...53N. doi:10.1086/341038. ISSN 0004-6256.
14. Airapetyan, E.A.; Matveenko, L.I (1997). "The Fine Structure of Compact Radio Sources from Geodetic Data". Astronomy Letters. 23 (1): 64–70.
15. Matveyenko, L. I.; Sivakon', S. S.; Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P. (2010-03-01). "Structural peculiarities of the AGN object 1803+784". Astronomy Letters. 36 (3): 151–166. Bibcode:2010AstL...36..151M. doi:10.1134/S1063773710030011. ISSN 0320-0108.
16. Gabuzda, D. C.; Cawthorne, T. V. (2000-12-21). "VLBI polarization images of eight compact active galactic nuclei at 𝜆 = 1.3 cm". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 319 (4): 1056–1066. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03881.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
17. Britzen, S.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Strom, R. G.; Witzel, A.; Muxlow, T. W. B.; Matveenko, L. I.; Campbell, R. M.; Alef, W.; Hummel, C. A.; Zensus, A. (2005-11-25). "Large-scale motion, oscillations and a possible halo on the counter-jet side in 1803+784". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 444 (2): 443–454. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041823. ISSN 0004-6361.
18. Cassaro, P.; Stanghellini, C.; Bondi, M.; Dallacasa, D.; Della Ceca, R.; Zappala, R.A. (1999). "Extended radio emission in BL Lac objects. I. The images" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series. 139 (3): 601–616. doi:10.1051/aas:1999511.
19. Britzen, S.; Witzel, A.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Beckert, T.; Campbell, R. M.; Schalinski, C.; Campbell, J. (2005-09-21). "The radio structure of S5 1803+784". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 362 (3): 966–974. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09369.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
20. Britzen, S.; Kudryavtseva, N. A.; Witzel, A.; Campbell, R. M.; Ros, E.; Karouzos, M.; Mehta, A.; Aller, M. F.; Aller, H. D.; Beckert, T.; Zensus, J. A. (February 2010). "The kinematics in the pc-scale jets of AGN". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 511: A57. arXiv:1001.1973. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20079267. ISSN 0004-6361.
21. Matveenko, L. I.; Witzel, A. I. (1999). "The Jets of Quasars 3C 345 and 1803+784". Symposium - International Astronomical Union. 194: 229–234. doi:10.1017/s0074180900162047. ISSN 0074-1809.

External links

• S5 1803+784 on SIMBAD
• S5 1803+784 on NASA/IPAC Database

v t e Constellation of Draco
List of stars in Draco Draco in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α (Thuban) β (Rastaban) γ (Eltanin) δ (Altais) ε (Tyl) ζ (Aldhibah) η (Athebyne) θ ι (Edasich) κ λ (Giausar) μ (Alrakis) ν (Kuma) ξ (Grumium) ο π ρ σ (Alsafi) τ υ φ χ ψ (Dziban) ψ ω Flamsteed 6 7 (Tianyi) 8 (Taiyi) 10 (i) 15 (A) 18 (g) 19 (h) 26 36 39 (b) 42 (Fafnir) 45 (d) 64 (e) 68 Variable TW AG BY CL CM CX DO V581 HR 3751 4126 4934 5811 6237 6618 (Alruba) 6817 7137 7783 HD 101364 156279 158259 176693 191939 Other 2MASS 1237+6526 2MASS J17554042+6551277 G 240-72 GD 356 Gliese 420 Gliese 625 Gliese 687 GRW +70 8247 Kepler-4 Kepler-10 Kepler-12 Kepler-90 Kepler-296 LP 71-82 Qatar-1 Struve 2398 TOI-1136 WISE 1647+5632
Exoplanets Orbitar HD 139357 b HD 167042 b Hypatia Kepler-4b Kepler-10b c Kepler-12b Kepler-90e f g h i TOI-1452 b TrES-2b
Star clusters LAMOST 1
Nebulae Abell 50 Cat's Eye Nebula
Galaxies	NGC 3147 4121 4125 4236 4319 4345 4513 4589 5678 5777 5866 5866B 5879 5906 5907 5949 5963 5965 5982 5985 6090 6248 6285 6286 6338 6340 6365 6373 6394 6412 6503 6566 6621 6622 6670 6676 6786 6789 Other 1ES 1959+650 3C 249.1 3C 305 3C 319 3C 356 3C 371 3C 390.3 3C 401 4C +72.26 H1821+643 HFLS3 KKR 25 Markarian 876 PGC 39058 S5 1803+784 S5 2007+777 UGC 9391
Galaxy clusters Abell 2218 CL1358+62 Draco Supercluster
Astronomical events Swift J1644+57 SN 2005B SN 2016aps
Category

• BL Lacertae objects
• Draco (constellation)
• Blazars
• Active galaxies
• IRAS catalogue objects
• Astronomical objects discovered in 1981