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Timeline of Tabriz

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Tabriz, capital of East Azerbaijan Province in Iran.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 15th century

Part of a series on the
History of Iran

The Gate of All Nations in Fars
Prehistoric periodBCE / BC
Baradostian culture c. 36,000–18,000
Zarzian culture c. 20,000–10,000
Shulaveri–Shomu culture c. 6000–5000
Zayandeh River Culture c. 6th millennium
Dalma culture c. 5th millennium
Ancient period
Kura–Araxes culture 3400–2000
Helmand culture/Jiroft culture c. 3300–2200
Proto-Elamite 3200–2700
Lullubi Kingdom/Zamua c. 3100-675
Elam 2700–539
Marhaši c. 2550-2020
Oxus Civilization c. 2400–1700
Akkadian Empire 2400–2150
Kassites c. 1500–1155
Avestan period c. 1500–500
Neo-Assyrian Empire 911–609
Urartu 860–590
Mannaea 850–616
Zikirti 750-521
Saparda 720-670
Imperial period
Median Empire 678–550 BC
Scythian Kingdom 652–625 BC
Anshanite Kingdom 635 BC–550 BC
Neo-Babylonian Empire 626 BC–539 BC
Sogdia c. 6th century BC–11th century AD
Achaemenid Empire 550 BC–330 BC
Kingdom of Armenia 331 BC–428 AD
Atropatene c. 323 BC–226 AD
Kingdom of Cappadocia 320s BC–17 AD
Seleucid Empire 312 BC–63 BC
Kingdom of Pontus 281 BC–62 BC
Fratarakas 3rd-century BC–132 BC
Parthian Empire 247 BC–224 AD
Elymais 147 BC–224 AD
Characene 141 BC–222 AD
Kings of Persis 132 BC–224 AD
Indo-Parthian Kingdom 19 AD–224/5
Paratarajas 125–300
Sasanian Empire 224–651
Zarmihrids 6th century–785
Qarinvandids 550s–11th century
Medieval periodCE / AD
Rashidun Caliphate 632-661
Umayyad Caliphate 661–750
Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258
Dabuyids 642–760
Bavandids 651–1349
Masmughans of Damavand 651–760
Baduspanids 665–1598
Justanids 791 – 11th century
Alid dynasties 864 – 14th century
Tahirid dynasty 821–873
Samanid Empire 819–999
Saffarid dynasty 861–1003
Ghurid dynasty pre-879 – 1215
Sajid dynasty 889–929
Sallarid dynasty 919–1062
Ziyarid dynasty 930–1090
Ilyasids 932–968
Buyid dynasty 934–1062
Rawadid dynasty 955–1070
Hasanwayhids 959–1095
Ghaznavid dynasty 977–1186
Annazids 990/1–1117
Kakuyids 1008–1141
Nasrid dynasty 1029–1236
Shabankara 1030–1355
Seljuk Empire 1037–1194
Khwarazmian dynasty 1077–1231
Eldiguzids 1135–1225
Atabegs of Yazd 1141–1319
Salghurids 1148–1282
Hazaraspids 1155–1424
Pishkinid dynasty 1155–1231
Khorshidi dynasty 1184-1597
Qutlugh-Khanids 1223-1306
Mihrabanids 1236–1537
Kurt dynasty 1244–1396
Ilkhanate Empire 1256–1335
Chobanid dynasty 1335–1357
Muzaffarid dynasty 1335–1393
Jalayirid Sultanate 1337–1376
Sarbadars 1337–1376
Injuids 1335–1357
Afrasiyab dynasty 1349–1504
Mar'ashis 1359–1596
Timurid Empire 1370–1507
Kar-Kiya dynasty 1370s–1592
Qara Qoyunlu 1406–1468
Aq Qoyunlu 1468–1508
Early modern period
Safavid Iran 1501–1736
(Hotak dynasty) 1722–1729
Afsharid Iran 1736–1796
Zand dynasty 1751–1794
Modern period
Qajar Iran 1789–1925
Pahlavi Iran 1925–1979
Contemporary period
Iranian Revolution 1979
Interim Government 1979
Islamic Republic 1979–present
Related articles
Timeline
flag Iran portal
One of the unearthed thumb in Blue mosque excavation site, 1500 B.C.
  • 714 BCE. – Mentioned in Assyrian King Sargon II's epigraph
  • 2nd to 7th C. BCE The earliest elements of the present Tabriz are claimed to be built either at the time of the early Sassanids in the 3rd or 4th century AD, or later in the 7th century. The Middle Persian name of the city was T'awrēš (similar in etymological roots as the name of city of Tafresh, some distance away.)
  • 8th C. CE – Tabriz Bazaar construction begins.
  • 858 CE – A devastating earthquake happened in Tabriz.
  • 1041 – A devastating earthquake happened in Tabriz.
  • 1208 – Annexed by the army of Kingdom of Georgia under command of brothers Ivane and Zakaria Mkhargrdzeli.
  • 1275 – Marco Polo traveled through Tabriz on his way to China.
  • 1298 – Sham-i Ghazan built (approximate date).
  • 1299 – City becomes Ilkhanid capital.
  • 1300 – Rab'-e Rashidi (academic center) built.
  • 1305 – Ghazaniyya (tomb) built.
  • 1311 – Masjid-i Alishah built (approximate date).
  • 1314 – Madrasa of Sayyid Hamza built.
  • 1320 – Arg of Tabriz built.
  • 1330 – Dimishqiyya built (approximate date).
  • 1340 – Masjid-i Ustad-Shagird and Alaiyya built.
  • 1356/1357 – City is briefly occupied by the Muzafarrids
  • 1370 – Imarat-i Shaikh Uvais built (approximate date).
  • 1375 – City becomes capital of Kara Koyunlu territory.
  • 1392 – City besieged by Timur.

15th–16th centuries

A 16th-century map of Tabriz, sketched by Matrakçı Nasuh (Ottoman polymath).
A miniature depicted of 2nd Shah of the Safavid dynasty Tahmasp I in Tabriz.
  • 1406 – Kara Koyunlu in power.
  • 1465 – Blue Mosque and Muzaffariyya built.
  • 1468 – Uzun Hasan in power.
  • 1469 – City becomes part of Ak Koyunlu territory.
  • 1472 – Capital relocates to Tabriz from Amid.
  • 1475 – Masjid-i Hasan Padshah and Maqsudiyya built (approximate date).
  • 1478 – Nasiriyya built.
  • 1483 – Hasht Bihisht palace built.
  • 1500 – Population: 300,000 (approximate). The fifth most populated city in the world.
  • 1501 – Safavid Ismail I in power.
  • 1514
  • 1534 – Ottomans in power.
  • 1535 – Safavids in power.
  • 1548
  • 1555 – Persians in power per Treaty of Amasya.
  • 1571 – Uprising.
  • 1585 – Ottomans in power.

17th–18th centuries

Tauris sketched by Jean Chardin, 1673.
Sketch of Tabriz in 1690.
  • 1603 – Safavids in power.
  • 1610 – Ottomans in power.
  • 1611 – Safavids in power.
  • 1635 – City sacked by Ottoman Murad IV.
  • 1636 – Saheb-ol-Amr Mosque built.
  • 1641 – Earthquake kills thousands and destroys the city.
  • 1655 – Madrasa Sadiqiyya built.
  • 1673 – Population: 550,000.
  • 1676 – Madrasa Talibiyya built.
  • 1721 – Earthquake kills eighty thousands.
  • 1724 – Ottomans in power.
  • 1724/25 Ottoman invaders killed about 200,000 city residents.
  • 1730 – Safavids in power.
  • 1736 – City becomes part of Afshar territory.
  • 1747 – City becomes part of Khanate of Tabriz.
  • 1757 – Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar takes city.
  • 1762 – City incorporated into Zand realm.
  • 1775 – Earthquake.
  • 1780 – 28 February: Earthquake kills about 200,000 city residents.
    • Population: about 30,000.
  • 1785 – Qajars in power.
  • 1799 – Qajar prince Abbas Mirza appointed as the governor of the city.

19th century

20th century

1900s–1940s

Teachers of Memorial School of Tabriz, photographed in 1923.
  • 1908 – Sardar Homayun Vali Qasem appointed as Tabriz first mayor.
  • 1909
    • 19 April: Howard Baskerville, the American teacher in Tabriz and a supporter of constitutionals, got killed in battle.
    • 29 April: Russians Cossacks take city.
    • 29 April: Monarchists siege of the city failed with arrival of Russian forces.
  • 1910 – Population: 200,000 (approximate).
  • 1911:
  • 1915 – Tabriz Occupied by Ottoman forces during Invasion of Tabriz, World War I
  • 1916 – Jolfa-Tabriz railway begins operating.
  • 1917
  • 1918
    • 28 February: Russian retreat from Tabriz completed.
    • 28 February: Ismaeil Nowbari head of local Democrat party took control of the city.
    • 18 June: Tabriz occupied by Ottoman forces.
  • 1920
    • 4 September: Iranian Cossacks take control of the city after retreating of Ottoman forces.
    • Late summer: Khiyabani's revolution suppressed with help of Cossacks.
  • 1921 – Tarbiat library established.
  • 1922
    • 1 February: Major Lahuti's revolt take control of Tabriz.
    • 7 February: Major Lahuti's revolt crashed. Persian Cossacks take control of the city.
  • 1925 – City becomes part of Imperial State of Persia.
  • 1934 –
  • 1937 – City becomes capital of Eastern Azerbaijan province.
  • 1941 – Tabriz occupied by Red Army as part of Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran.
  • 1945 – November – City becomes capital of Azerbaijan People's Government.

University of Azerbaijan established

1950s–1990s

21st century

  • 2001 – Ehtesham Hajipour selected as new mayor of the city.
  • 2002 – April: Tabriz Cartoon, an international annual cartoon contest started.
  • 2006
    • Alireza Navin selected as new mayor of Tabriz.
    • Amir Nezam House museum and Iron Age Museum open.
    • May – Thousands of ethnic Azeris demonstrated in Tabriz against government official newspaper's (Iran) cartoon insulting Azerbaijani minority.
  • 2009 – Gostaresh Foolad Football Club formed.
  • 2010 – Bazaar Complex is inscribed as World Heritage Site.
  • 2011
    • August: A protest for saving Lake Urmia is suppressed by police.
    • Population: 1,494,998.
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
    • 29 March: Tabriz celebrated the earth hour for the first time by turning off Saat Tower's lights.
    • 25 December: Tabriz Soccer Museum is established.
    • City becomes part of newly formed national administrative Region 3.
  • 2015
    • 27 August: First portion of Tabriz Metro started its services.
  • 2017

See also

References

  1. Fisher, William Bayne; Boyle, J. A. (1968), The Cambridge History of Iran: The Land of Iran (1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 14
  2. ^ "Tabriz". Islamic Cultural Heritage Database. Istanbul: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  3. ^ Balfour 1885.
  4. ^ Britannica 1910.
  5. Salia, Kalistrat (1983). History of the Georgian nation. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin. p. 181.
  6. Marco Polo (1854) The travels of Marco Polo: the Venetian. G. Bell & sons. 1854. p. 44.
  7. ^ Melville 1981.
  8. ^ Grove 2009.
  9. ^ ArchNet.org. "Tabriz". Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  10. Houtsma, T. (1993). First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913–1936. E.J. Brill. p. 798. ISBN 9789004097964. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  11. ^ Bosworth 2007.
  12. ^ Stanley 2008.
  13. "CITY POPULATIONS THROUGH HISTORY" (PDF). 21 March 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  14. ^ Andrew J. Newman (2006). "Key Dates". Safavid Iran: Rebirth of a Persian Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 129+. ISBN 978-1-86064-667-6.
  15. ^ Tadeusz Swietochowski; Brian C. Collins (1999). Historical Dictionary of Azerbaijan. USA: Scarecrow Press.
  16. ^ Werner 2000.
  17. Morse 1823.
  18. George Nathaniel Curzon (1892), Persia and the Persian Question, London: Longmans, Green & Co., OCLC 3444074
  19. "مؤسسه مطالعات تاريخ معاصر ايران IICHS". iichs.org. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  20. "Persia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1922.
  21. Hasanbeyghi, Mohammadreza, Alo125, Hamshahribook, 2007 ISBN 978-964-2924-39-4.
  22. "Tavakoli Match Co. Website...About Us". tavakolimatches.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  23. Cosroe Chaqueri, The Soviet Socialist Republic of Iran, 1920–1921: Birth of the Trauma (Pittsburgh and London: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1995), p. 465.
  24. Dr Stephanie Cronin (15 April 2013). Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran: New Perspectives on the Iranian Left. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-32890-1.
  25. "چه بر سر عالی قاپوی تبریز آمد ؟| پایگاه فرهنگی اطلاع رسانی آناج | Anaj.ir". Archived from the original on 11 August 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  26. "WorldCat". USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  27. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
  28. Persian Bulletin of Blue Mosque, Iranian Cultural Heritages Organization.
  29. "Asian Nations Cup 1976". RSSSF. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  30. ^ Brenda Shaffer, Borders and Brethren: Iran and the Challenge of Azerbaijani Identity, p81
  31. "درباره ما – شرکت پالایش نفت تبریز". tbzrefinery.co.ir. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  32. Brenda Shaffer (19 August 2010). "The formation of Azerbaijani collective identity in Iran". Nationalities Papers. 28 (3): 449–477. doi:10.1080/713687484. S2CID 64801609.
  33. "Archived". Archived from the original on 21 April 2006. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  34. https://www.webharvest.gov/peth04/20041016172847/http://aupress.au.af.mil/Books/Bergquist/Bergquist_B25.pdf | The role of air power in Iran Iraq war, page 45
  35. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  36. IRAN (4 September 2012). "دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان" (PDF). Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  37. "Tabriz International Exhibition Co". Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  38. "Countries of the World: Iran". Statesman's Yearbook 2003. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 2002. ISBN 978-0-333-98096-5.
  39. "Tabriz Petrochemical Company". tpco.ir. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  40. "Amir Nezam House Museum". Tehran Times. 22 February 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  41. "سازمان ميراث فرهنگي، صنايع دستي و گردشگري استان آذربايجان شرقي – سایت موزه عصر آهن تبریز". Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  42. "Iran Shuts Down Newspaper Over Cartoon". The New York Times. 24 May 2006.
  43. "Protests in Iran Over Disappearing Lake". The New York Times. 30 August 2011.
  44. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
  45. fa:برج بلور
  46. "Hundreds killed in northwest Iran earthquakes". Al Jazeera. 12 August 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
  47. World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva, archived from the original on 28 March 2014{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  48. "دوربین آناج / شادی هواداران رئیس جمهور منتخب در تبریز| پایگاه فرهنگی اطلاع رسانی آناج | Anaj.ir". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  49. "‫تبریز ۲۵ خرداد. آخر هفته احمدی رفته -‬‎". youtube.com. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  50. "صادق نجفی شهردار تبریز شد – خبرگزاری مهر | اخبار ایران و جهان | Mehr News Agency". mehrnews.com. 13 October 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  51. "خاموشی یک ساعته عمارت شهرداری تبریز". shahryarnews.net (in Persian). 10 April 2013. Archived from the original on 31 March 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  52. "نخستین موزه فوتبال ایران در تبریز افتتاح شد" [First football museum opened in Tabriz, Iran] (in Persian). Tabnak. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

This article incorporates information from the Azerbaijani Misplaced Pages, Turkish Misplaced Pages, and Croatian Misplaced Pages.

Bibliography

External links

Images

Tabriz in 19th century

Tabriz during constitutional revolution

  • Map of the siege of Tabriz during Constitutional Revolution, on 27 September 1908. Map of the siege of Tabriz during Constitutional Revolution, on 27 September 1908.
  • A sketch of revolutionists defending Davachi bridge in London News, Tabriz (1 May 1909). A sketch of revolutionists defending Davachi bridge in London News, Tabriz (1 May 1909).
  • Constitutionals in Tabriz, early 20th century. Constitutionals in Tabriz, early 20th century.
  • Constitutional forces in Tabriz, early 20th century. Constitutional forces in Tabriz, early 20th century.
  • Ark of Tabriz and US Flag in the days after constitutional revolution, 1911. Ark of Tabriz and US Flag in the days after constitutional revolution, 1911.

Tabriz invasion during WWII

  • Soviet artillery units in passing through Tabriz, 1940s Soviet artillery units in passing through Tabriz, 1940s
  • Soviet Tank and troops marching through Tabriz, 1940s Soviet Tank and troops marching through Tabriz, 1940s
  • Soviet T-26 Tank passing through main street of Tabriz, 1940s Soviet T-26 Tank passing through main street of Tabriz, 1940s
Years in Iran
18th century
19th century
20th century
21st century
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