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On 27 March 2020, SpaceX revealed the '''Dragon XL''' resupply spacecraft to carry pressurized and unpressurized cargo, experiments and other supplies to NASA's planned ] under a ] (GLS) contract.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-artemis-contract-for-gateway-logistics-services|title=NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Gateway Logistics Services|last=Potter|first=Sean|date=27 March 2020|website=NASA|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327195418/https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-artemis-contract-for-gateway-logistics-services|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="spacenews-3">{{Cite web|last=Foust|first=Jeff|author-link=Jeff Foust|title=SpaceX wins NASA commercial cargo contract for lunar Gateway|url=https://spacenews.com/spacex-wins-nasa-commercial-cargo-contract-for-lunar-gateway/|website=]|access-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200329123606/https://spacenews.com/spacex-wins-nasa-commercial-cargo-contract-for-lunar-gateway/|archive-date=29 March 2020|date=27 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> The equipment delivered by Dragon XL missions could include sample collection materials, spacesuits and other items astronauts may need on the Gateway and on the surface of the ], according to ]. It will launch on SpaceX ] rockets from ] at the ] in ]. The Dragon XL will stay at the Gateway for 6 to 12 months at a time, when research payloads inside and outside the cargo vessel could be operated remotely, even when crews are not present.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/03/27/nasa-picks-spacex-to-deliver-cargo-to-gateway-station-in-lunar-orbit/|title=NASA picks SpaceX to deliver cargo to Gateway station in lunar orbit|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first1=Stephen|last1=Clark|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=28 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328020010/https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/03/27/nasa-picks-spacex-to-deliver-cargo-to-gateway-station-in-lunar-orbit/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its payload capacity is expected to be more than {{convert|5000|kg}} to lunar orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/03/dragon-xl-nasa-spacex-lunar-gateway-supply-contract/|title=Dragon XL revealed as NASA ties SpaceX to Lunar Gateway supply contract|date=27 March 2020|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=28 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328020206/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/03/dragon-xl-nasa-spacex-lunar-gateway-supply-contract/|url-status=live}}</ref> There is no requirement for a return to Earth. At the end of the mission the Dragon XL must be able to undock and dispose of the same mass it can bring to the Gateway, by moving the spacecraft to a heliocentric orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-delays-starting-contract-with-spacex-for-gateway-cargo-services/|title=NASA delays starting contract with SpaceX for Gateway cargo services|date=15 April 2021|access-date=21 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210417064753/https://spacenews.com/nasa-delays-starting-contract-with-spacex-for-gateway-cargo-services/|archive-date=17 April 2021}}</ref> On 27 March 2020, SpaceX revealed the '''Dragon XL''' resupply spacecraft to carry pressurized and unpressurized cargo, experiments and other supplies to NASA's planned ] under a ] (GLS) contract.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-artemis-contract-for-gateway-logistics-services|title=NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Gateway Logistics Services|last=Potter|first=Sean|date=27 March 2020|website=NASA|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327195418/https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-artemis-contract-for-gateway-logistics-services|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="spacenews-3">{{Cite web|last=Foust|first=Jeff|author-link=Jeff Foust|title=SpaceX wins NASA commercial cargo contract for lunar Gateway|url=https://spacenews.com/spacex-wins-nasa-commercial-cargo-contract-for-lunar-gateway/|website=]|access-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200329123606/https://spacenews.com/spacex-wins-nasa-commercial-cargo-contract-for-lunar-gateway/|archive-date=29 March 2020|date=27 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> The equipment delivered by Dragon XL missions could include sample collection materials, spacesuits and other items astronauts may need on the Gateway and on the surface of the ], according to ]. It will launch on SpaceX ] rockets from ] at the ] in ]. The Dragon XL will stay at the Gateway for 6 to 12 months at a time, when research payloads inside and outside the cargo vessel could be operated remotely, even when crews are not present.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/03/27/nasa-picks-spacex-to-deliver-cargo-to-gateway-station-in-lunar-orbit/|title=NASA picks SpaceX to deliver cargo to Gateway station in lunar orbit|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first1=Stephen|last1=Clark|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=28 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328020010/https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/03/27/nasa-picks-spacex-to-deliver-cargo-to-gateway-station-in-lunar-orbit/|url-status=live}}</ref> Its payload capacity is expected to be more than {{convert|5000|kg}} to lunar orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/03/dragon-xl-nasa-spacex-lunar-gateway-supply-contract/|title=Dragon XL revealed as NASA ties SpaceX to Lunar Gateway supply contract|date=27 March 2020|access-date=28 March 2020|archive-date=28 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328020206/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/03/dragon-xl-nasa-spacex-lunar-gateway-supply-contract/|url-status=live}}</ref> There is no requirement for a return to Earth. At the end of the mission the Dragon XL must be able to undock and dispose of the same mass it can bring to the Gateway, by moving the spacecraft to a heliocentric orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-delays-starting-contract-with-spacex-for-gateway-cargo-services/|title=NASA delays starting contract with SpaceX for Gateway cargo services|date=15 April 2021|access-date=21 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210417064753/https://spacenews.com/nasa-delays-starting-contract-with-spacex-for-gateway-cargo-services/|archive-date=17 April 2021}}</ref>

trim Dragon 1 specific stuff


== See also == == See also ==

Revision as of 09:52, 28 October 2022

A family of SpaceX spacecraft

American private space transportation company SpaceX has developed and produced several spacecraft named Dragon. The first family member, now referred to as Dragon 1, flew 23 cargo missions to the ISS between 2010 and 2022) before being retired.

SpaceX developed SpaceX Dragon 2 starting in 2014, with a cargo version and a crewed version. It entered service in 2020.

SpaceX also investigated a version named "Red Dragon" for Mars exploration, but the project did not go forward. A version named "Dragon XL" Is proposed to serve the Lunar gateway.

Dragon 1

Main article: SpaceX Dragon 1

Dragon 1 is original Dragon provided cargo service to the ISS. It flew 23 mission between 2010 and 2020, when it was retired.

Dragon 2

Main article: SpaceX Dragon 2

Starting in 2014 SpaceX developed SpaceX Dragon 2. Dragon 2 has a crewed variant and an cargo variant. It began providing service in 2020.

Red Dragon

Main article: SpaceX Red Dragon

Red Dragon was a cancelled version of the Dragon spacecraft that had been previously proposed to fly farther than Earth orbit and transit to Mars via interplanetary space. In addition to SpaceX's own privately funded plans for an eventual Mars mission, NASA Ames Research Center had developed a concept called Red Dragon: a low-cost Mars mission that would use Falcon Heavy as the launch vehicle and trans-Martian injection vehicle, and the SpaceX Dragon 2-based capsule to enter the atmosphere of Mars. The concept was originally envisioned for launch in 2018 as a NASA Discovery mission, then alternatively for 2022, but was never formally submitted for funding within NASA. The mission would have been designed to return samples from Mars to Earth at a fraction of the cost of NASA's own sample-return mission, which was projected in 2015 to cost US$6 billion.

On 27 April 2016, SpaceX announced its plan to go ahead and launch a modified Dragon lander to Mars in 2018. However, Musk canceled the Red Dragon program in July 2017 to focus on developing the Starship system instead. The modified Red Dragon capsule would have performed all entry, descent and landing (EDL) functions needed to deliver payloads of 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb) or more to the Martian surface without using a parachute. Preliminary analysis showed that the capsule's atmospheric drag would slow it enough for the final stage of its descent to be within the abilities of its SuperDraco retro-propulsion thrusters.

Dragon XL

SpaceX Dragon XL

On 27 March 2020, SpaceX revealed the Dragon XL resupply spacecraft to carry pressurized and unpressurized cargo, experiments and other supplies to NASA's planned Lunar Gateway under a Gateway Logistics Services (GLS) contract. The equipment delivered by Dragon XL missions could include sample collection materials, spacesuits and other items astronauts may need on the Gateway and on the surface of the Moon, according to NASA. It will launch on SpaceX Falcon Heavy rockets from LC-39A at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Dragon XL will stay at the Gateway for 6 to 12 months at a time, when research payloads inside and outside the cargo vessel could be operated remotely, even when crews are not present. Its payload capacity is expected to be more than 5,000 kilograms (11,000 lb) to lunar orbit. There is no requirement for a return to Earth. At the end of the mission the Dragon XL must be able to undock and dispose of the same mass it can bring to the Gateway, by moving the spacecraft to a heliocentric orbit.

See also

References

  1. ^ Wall, Mike (10 September 2015). ""Red Dragon" Mars Sample-Return Mission Could Launch by 2022". Space.com. Archived from the original on 26 January 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  2. @SpaceX (27 April 2016). "Planning to send Dragon to Mars as soon as 2018. Red Dragons will inform overall Mars architecture, details to come" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  3. Newmann, Dava. "Exploring Together". blogs.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 1 May 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. Berger, Eric (19 July 2017). "SpaceX appears to have pulled the plug on its Red Dragon plans". arstechnica.com. Archived from the original on 21 July 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
  5. Grush, Loren (19 July 2017). "Elon Musk suggests SpaceX is scrapping its plans to land Dragon capsules on Mars". The Verge. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
  6. Wall, Mike (31 July 2011). ""Red Dragon" Mission Mulled as Cheap Search for Mars Life". Space.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  7. "NASA ADVISORY COUNCIL (NAC) – Science Committee Report" (PDF). NASA Ames Research Center. 1 November 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2012. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. Potter, Sean (27 March 2020). "NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Gateway Logistics Services". NASA. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. Foust, Jeff (27 March 2020). "SpaceX wins NASA commercial cargo contract for lunar Gateway". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  10. Clark, Stephen. "NASA picks SpaceX to deliver cargo to Gateway station in lunar orbit". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  11. "Dragon XL revealed as NASA ties SpaceX to Lunar Gateway supply contract". 27 March 2020. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  12. "NASA delays starting contract with SpaceX for Gateway cargo services". 15 April 2021. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2022.

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