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A first 277th Infantry Division (German: 277. Infanterie-Division) was ordered to form on May 22, 1940, as part of the 10th mobilisation wave (10. Welle), but this order was rescinded after the French Surrender. A new 277th Infantry Division was formed in Croatia on November 17, 1943, as part of the 22nd mobilisation wave (22. Welle), the division was destroyed in the Battle of Normandy in August 1944. A third, 277th Volksgrenadier Division (277. Volksgrenadier-Division) was formed on September 4, 1944, in Hungary by redesignation of the newly formed 574th Volksgrenadier Division (574. Volksgrenadier-Division) of the 32nd mobilisation wave (32. Welle). In 1945 the division entered U.S. captivity in the Ruhr Pocket.
Operational history
The 277th Infantry Division was assigned to 2nd Panzer Army from early December 1943 until late January 1944, having been placed there after pressure by Oberbefehlshaber Südost on OKW to strengthen the 2nd Panzer Army with additional forces. The addition of forces was intended to reverse gains made by the National Liberation Army since the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile on 8 September 1943, after which the Royal Italian Army had largely ceased fighting against the Yugoslav partisans.
After its time in Croatia and Hungary, the 277th Infantry Division spent its entire operation history on the Western front. The division took part in the Battles of Normandy (where it was practically destroyed), and after reconstitution, the Lorraine campaign under Army Group G, beginning in November 1944. It then participated in the Ardennes campaign. It fought alongside the 12th VG Division in the effort to take Rocherath-Krinkelt and Elsenborn.
Organization
1943
Grenadier-Regiment 989, I and II Battalions
Grenadier-Regiment 990, I and II Battalions
Grenadier-Regiment 991, I and II Battalions
Artillerie-Regiment 277, I-IV Battalions
Divisions-Füsilier-Abteilung 277
Pionier-Battalion 277
Infanterie-Divisions-Nachrichten-Abteilung 277
Feldersatz-Battalion 277
1944
Grenadier-Regiment 989, I and II Battalions
Grenadier-Regiment 990, I and II Battalions
Grenadier-Regiment 991, I and II Battalions
Artillerie-Regiment 277, I-IV Battalions
Divisions-Füsilier-Kompanie 277
Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 277
Pionier-Battalion 277
Infanterie-Divisions-Nachrichten-Abteilung 277
References
Schmider, Klaus (2007). "Der jugoslawische Kriegsschauplatz (Januar 1943 bis Mai 1945)". In Frieser, Karl-Heinz; et al. (eds.). Die Ostfront 1943/44: Der Krieg im Osten und an den Nebenfronten. Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg. Vol. 8. Munich: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. pp. 1009–1088. ISBN9783421062352.
Literature
Tessin, Georg. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939 - 1945 Volume 8
277. Infanterie Division Vehicle Insignia
Nazi Germany