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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name triiodoborane | |||
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| CAS Number | |||
| 3D model (JSmol) | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.492 
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| PubChem CID | |||
| RTECS number |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |||
| Chemical formula | BI3 | ||
| Molar mass | 391.52 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | crystalline solid | ||
| Density | 3.35 g/cm (50 °C) | ||
| Melting point | 49.9 °C (121.8 °F; 323.0 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 210 °C (410 °F; 483 K) | ||
| Solubility in water | soluble,hydrolysis | ||
| Solubility | soluble in CCl4, CS2, benzene, chloroform | ||
| Dipole moment | 0D | ||
| Structure | |||
| Crystal structure | hexagonal | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
| Heat capacity (C) | 71 J/mol K | ||
| Std molar entropy (S298) |
200 J/mol K | ||
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH298) |
-37.2 kJ/mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
 | ||
| Flash point | −18 °C (0 °F; 255 K) | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | Sigma-Aldrich | ||
| Related compounds | |||
| Related compounds | Boron trifluoride Boron trichloride Boron tribromide | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
 N verify (what is ?)
Infobox references
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Boron triiodide is a chemical compound of boron and iodine with chemical formula BI3. It has a trigonal planar molecular geometry.
Preparation
Boron triiodide can be prepared by the reaction of boron with iodine at 209.5 °C or 409.1 °F. It can also be prepared by reacting hydroiodic acid with boron trichloride:
- 3HI + BCl3 → BI3 + 3HCl (reaction requires high temperature)
Another method is by reacting lithium borohydride with iodine. As well as boron triiodide, this reaction also produces lithium iodide, hydrogen and hydrogen iodide:
- 3LiBH4 + 8I2 → 3LiI + 3BI3 + 4H2 + 4HI
Properties
In its pure state, boron triiodide forms colorless, otherwise reddish, shiny, air and hydrolysis-sensitive crystals, which have a hexagonal crystal structure (a = 699.09 ± 0.02 pm, c = 736.42 ± 0.03 pm, space group P63/m (space group no. 176)). Boron triiodide is a strong Lewis acid and soluble in carbon disulfide.
Boron triiodide reacts with water and decomposes to boric acid and hydriodic acid:
- BI3 + 3H2O ⇌ B(OH)3 + 3HI
Its dielectric constant is 5.38 and its heat of vaporization is 40.5 kJ/mol. At extremely high pressures, BI3 becomes metallic at ~23 GPa and is a superconductor above ~27 GPa.
Applications
Boron triiodide can be used to produce other chemical compounds and as a catalyst (for example in coal liquefaction).
References
- Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
- ^ Handbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie. 2 (3., umgearb. Aufl ed.). Stuttgart: Enke. 1978. ISBN 978-3-432-87813-3.
- "Beiträge zur Chemie der Bor-Stickstoff-Verbindungen" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
- Albert, Barbara; Schmitt, Konny (May 2001). "Die Kristallstruktur von Bortriiodid, BI3". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 627 (5): 809–810. doi:10.1002/1521-3749(200105)627:5<809::AID-ZAAC809>3.0.CO;2-J. ISSN 0044-2313.
- Hamaya, Nozomu; Ishizuka, Miyuki; Onoda, Suzue; Guishan, Jiang; Ohmura, Ayako; Shimizu, Katsuya (2010). "Pressure-induced phase transition, metallization, and superconductivity in boron triiodide". Physical Review B. 82 (9): 094506. Bibcode:2010PhRvB..82i4506H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.82.094506.
- "Kohleverflüssigung – Innovations Report". www.innovations-report.de. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
External links
- MSDS Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine (link is broken)
| Boron compounds | |
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| Boron pnictogenides | |
| Boron halides | |
| Acids | |
| Boranes | |
| Boron oxides and sulfides | |
| Carbides | |
| Organoboron compounds | |
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