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Burum (also known as Yaknge or Somba-Siawari after its two dialects and Mindik in the language itself) is a Papuan language spoken in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Its closest related language is Borong (also known as Kosorong).

Phonology

Consonants

• /p, t, k/ are aspirated word initially and unreleased word finally. Between vowels, they are /w, r, h/.
• /kʷ/ and /gʷ/ are rarely [kp], [gb] in some dialects.
• /ɣ/ is [h] word initially.

Vowels

Burum also has 14 diphthongs: /iɑ/, /iu/, /ei/, /eu/, /əi/, /əu/, /oi/, /oe/, /ou/, /ɑi/, /ɑu/, /ui/, /ue/, and /uɑ/.

Orthography

• ⟨f⟩ occurs in loanwords.
• Weakened /p, t, k/ are written ⟨w, r, h⟩, as pronounced.

Notes

1. Burum at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
2. Usher.
3. ^ Olkkonen 1994, p. 1.
4. ^ Olkkonen 1994, p. 4.
5. Olkkonen 1994, p. 2.
6. Olkkonen 1994, p. 3.

References

• Usher, Timothy. "Bulum River". newguineaworld. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
• Olkkonen, Soini (1994). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.

Further reading

• Olkkonen, Kaija; Olkkonen, Soini (2007). Somba-Siawari (Burum Mindik)—English dictionary (in bmu, kmg, and English).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• Olkkonen, Soini (1990) . The Clitics of the Somba-Siawari Language (PDF). 2nd International Conference on Papuan Linguistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
• "Burum-Mindik Swadesh List".

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• Huon languages
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