Maximum or maximal androgen blockade (MAB) or complete or combined androgen blockade (CAB) is a medical treatment involving the combination of both androgen receptor (AR) antagonism and inhibition or suppression of androgen production to attain maximal effectiveness in androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). An example of MAB is the combination of bicalutamide, an AR antagonist, with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue such as leuprorelin or cetrorelix. MAB was developed for and is employed in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Triple androgen blockade (TrAB) is a method of ADT in which a 5α-reductase inhibitor such as finasteride or dutasteride is added to CAB.
MAB has been found to produce higher rates of gynecomastia (7 to 28%) than orchiectomy and GnRH analogues alone (1 to 16%), but lower rates than nonsteroidal antiandrogen monotherapy such as with bicalutamide (30 to 85%).
References
- ^ "Maximum androgen blockade in advanced prostate cancer: an overview of the randomised trials". The Lancet. 355 (9214): 1491–1498. 2000. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02163-2. ISSN 0140-6736. S2CID 25366526.
- Hellerstedt, Beth A; Pienta, Kenneth J (2003). "The truth is out there: an overall perspective on androgen deprivation". Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations. 21 (4): 272–281. doi:10.1016/S1078-1439(03)00046-2. ISSN 1078-1439. PMID 12954498.
- Leibowitz RL, Tucker SJ (2001). "Treatment of localized prostate cancer with intermittent triple androgen blockade: preliminary results in 110 consecutive patients". The Oncologist. 6 (2): 177–82. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.6-2-177. PMID 11306729.
- Di Lorenzo G, Autorino R, Perdonà S, De Placido S (December 2005). "Management of gynaecomastia in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review". Lancet Oncol. 6 (12): 972–9. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70464-2. PMID 16321765.
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