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NGC 2207 / IC 2163
Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 2207 (left) and IC 2163 (right)
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation	Canis Major
Right ascension	06 16 22.0 / 06 16 28.0
Declination	−21° 22′ 22″ / −21° 22′ 33″
Redshift	2741 ± 15 / 2765 ± 20 km/s
Distance	81 ± 39 Mly (24.9 ± 12 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)	12.2 / 11.6
Characteristics
Type	SAB(rs)bc pec / SB(rs)c pec
Apparent size (V)	4.3′ × 2.8′ / 3.0′ × 1.2′
Notable features	colliding galaxies
Other designations
RR132a / RR132b, PGC 018749 / 018751, UGCA 124/125

NGC 2207 and IC 2163 are a pair of colliding spiral galaxies about 80 million light-years away in the constellation Canis Major. NGC 2207 was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 24 January 1835, while IC 2163 was discovered by Herbert Howe on 11 February 1898.

The larger spiral, NGC 2207, is classified as an intermediate spiral galaxy exhibiting a weak inner ring structure around the central bar. The smaller companion spiral, IC 2163, is classified as a barred spiral galaxy that also exhibits a weak inner ring and an elongated spiral arm that is likely being stretched by tidal forces with the larger companion. Both galaxies contain a vast amount of dust and gas, and are beginning to exhibit enhanced rates of star formation, as seen in infrared images.

NGC 2207 is in the process of colliding and merging with IC 2163. But unlike the Antennae or the Mice Galaxies, they are still two separate spiral galaxies. They are only in the first step of colliding and merging, with NGC 2207 being in the process of tidally stripping IC 2163. Soon they will collide, probably looking a bit more like the Mice Galaxies. In about a billion years' time they are expected to merge and become an elliptical galaxy or perhaps a disk galaxy.

Supernovae

Five supernovae have been observed in NGC 2207:

• SN 1975A (type Ia, mag. 14.4) was discovered by Justus R. Dunlap on 15 January 1975.
• SN 1999ec (type Ib, mag. 17.9) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) on 2 October 1999.
• SN 2003H (type Ib, mag. 17.8) was discovered by LOTOSS (Lick Observatory and Tenagra Observatory Supernova Searches) on 8 January 2003, located halfway between the two galaxies.
• SN 2013ai (type II, mag. 17.4) was discovered by E. Conseil on 1 March 2013.
• AT 2019eez (type II, mag. 16.7) was discovered by ASAS-SN on 27 April 2019.

One supernova has been observed in IC 2163:

• SN 2018lab (type II, mag. 18.493) was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc Survey (DLT40) on 29 December 2018.

In addition, one supernova has been observed on the outskirts of the group:

• SN 2010jp (type IIn, mag. 17.2) was discovered by The CHilean Automatic Supernova sEarch (CHASE) on 11 November 2010.

See also

• Andromeda–Milky Way collision
• Antennae Galaxies
• Arp 299
• NGC 5090 and NGC 5091
• NGC 6872 and IC 4970
• List of NGC objects (2001–3000)

References

1. ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 2207 / IC 2163. Retrieved 2006-11-25.
2. ^ "Distance Results for NGC 2207". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
3. Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue Objects: NGC 2207". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
4. Seligman, Courtney. "Index Catalogue Objects: IC 2163". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
5. Ueda, Junko; Iono, Daisuke; et al. (12 August 2014). "Cold molecular gas in merger remnants. I. Formation of molecular gas disks". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 214 (1): 1. arXiv:1407.6873. Bibcode:2014ApJS..214....1U. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/214/1/1. ISSN 1538-4365. S2CID 716993.
6. Dunlap, J. R.; Dunlap, Y. (1975). "Supernova in NGC 2207". International Astronomical Union Circular (2738): 1. Bibcode:1975IAUC.2738....1D.
7. Kirshner, R. P.; Arp, H. C.; Dunlap, J. R. (June 1976). "Observations of supernovae - 1975a in NGC 2207 and 1975b in the Perseus cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 207 (1): 44. Bibcode:1976ApJ...207...44K. doi:10.1086/154465. ISSN 0004-637X.
8. "SN 1975A". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
9. Modjaz, M.; Li, W. D. (1999). "Supernova 1999ec in NGC 2207". International Astronomical Union Circular (7268): 3. Bibcode:1999IAUC.7268....3M.
10. Jha, S.; Garnavich, P.; Challis, P.; Kirshner, R.; et al. (October 1999). "Supernova 1999ec in NGC 2207". International Astronomical Union Circular (7269): 2. Bibcode:1999IAUC.7269....2J. ISSN 0081-0304.
11. "SN 1999ec". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
12. Graham, J.; Li, W.; Puckett, T.; Toth, D.; Qiu, Y. L. (2003). "Supernovae 2003E, 2003F, 2003G, 2003H". International Astronomical Union Circular (8045): 1. Bibcode:2003IAUC.8045....1G.
13. van den Bergh, Sidney; Li, Weidong; Filippenko, Alexei V. (November 2003). "Classifications of the Host Galaxies of Supernovae, Set II". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 115 (813): 1280–1288. arXiv:astro-ph/0308195. Bibcode:2003PASP..115.1280V. doi:10.1086/379106. ISSN 0004-6280. S2CID 2015979.
14. "SN 2003H". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
15. Klotz, Alain; Conseil, E.; et al. (March 2013). "Supernova 2013ai in NGC 2207 = Psn J06161835-2122329". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams. 3431 (3431): 1. Bibcode:2013CBET.3431....1K.
16. "SN 2013ai". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
17. "AT 2019eez". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
18. Strader, J.; Chomiuk, L.; Dage, K.; Prieto, J. L.; Stanek, K. Z. (2019). "Spectroscopic classification of ASASSN-19kz as a young Type II supernova in NGC 2207". The Astronomer's Telegram. 12706: 1. Bibcode:2019ATel12706....1S.
19. "Transient Name Server". Entry for SN 2018lab. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
20. 2018lab in IC 2136 (David Bishop)
21. Maza, J.; Hamuy, M.; Antezana, R.; Gonzalez, L.; Cartier, R.; Forster, F.; Silva, S.; Carrasco, F.; Pignata, G.; Cifuentes, M.; Conuel, B.; Folatelli, G.; Reichart, D.; Ivarsen, K.; Haislip, J.; Crain, A.; Foster, D.; Nysewander, M.; Lacluyze, A. (2010). "Supernovae 2010jp and 2010jq". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams. 2544: 1. Bibcode:2010CBET.2544....1M.
22. "SN 2010jp". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 29 December 2024.

External links

• HST: A grazing encounter between two spiral galaxies
• "NGC 2207". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
• "IC 2163". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
• NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Spiral Galaxies in Collision (19 January 2014)

v t e Constellation of Canis Major
Canis Major in Chinese astronomy List of stars in Canis Major
Stars	Bayer α (Sirius) β (Mirzam) γ (Muliphein) δ (Wezen) ε (Adhara) ζ (Furud) η (Aludra) θ ι κ λ μ ν ν ν ξ ξ ο ο π σ (Unurgunite) τ ω Flamsteed 10 11 12 15 17 26 27 29 Variable R W Z UW VY CX EZ FN FS FY LS NR V352 HR 2225 2318 2437 2447 2450 2758 2764 2766 2812 HD 43162 43197 (Amadioha) 45184 45364 47186 54879 Other RX J0720.4−3125 WASP-64 (Atakoraka) WISE 0713−2917 WR 7
Exoplanets ν Canis Majoris b HD 47536 b c HD 47186 b c HD 45364 b c HD 43197 b
Star clusters	NGC NGC 2204 NGC 2354 NGC 2360 NGC 2362 NGC 2374 Other Gaia 1 Messier 41
Nebulae NGC 2359 NGC 2361 Sh2-297
Galaxies	NGC 2207 2217 2227 2280 2283 2293 Other Canis Major Overdensity IC 2163
Astronomical events SN 1999ec SN 2003H
Category

• Intermediate spiral galaxies
• Barred spiral galaxies
• Peculiar galaxies
• Interacting galaxies
• Canis Major
• NGC objects
• IC objects
• Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects
• UGCA objects
• Discoveries by John Herschel
• Astronomical objects discovered in 1835