Terreneuvian - Misplaced Pages

First epoch of the Cambrian Period

Terreneuvian

538.8 ± 0.6 – ~521 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

A map of Earth as it appeared 530 million years ago during the Terreneuvian Series, Fortunian Stage

Delegates from the Ichnia 2012 conference inspect the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary at Fortune Head Ecological Reserve, Newfoundland, Canada.

Chronology

−540 —–−535 —–−530 —–−525 —–−520 —–−515 —–−510 —–−505 —–−500 —–−495 —–−490 —–−485 —

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g.E Fortunian
"Stage 2""Stage 3""Stage 4"Wuliuan Drumian Guzhangian Paibian Jiangshanian"Stage 10"Tremadocian

←

Orsten Fauna

←

Burgess Shale

←

Kaili biota

←

Archaeocyatha extinction

←

Emu Bay Shale

←

Sirius Passet biota

←

Chengjiang biota

←

First Trilobites

←

SSF diversification, first brachiopods & archaeocyatha

←

First halkieriids, mollusсs, hyoliths SSF

←

Baykonurian glaciation

←

Dresbachian extinction

Major Glacial period

Subdivision of the Cambrian according to the ICS, as of 2024.
Vertical axis scale: Millions of years ago

Etymology

Name formality

Formal

Name ratified

2007

Former name(s)

Cambrian Stage 1

Usage information

Celestial body

Earth

Regional usage

Global (ICS)

Time scale(s) used

ICS Time Scale

Definition

Chronological unit

Age

Stratigraphic unit

Stage

First proposed by

Ed Landing, 2007

Time span formality

Formal

Lower boundary definition

Appearance of the Ichnofossil Treptichnus pedum

Lower boundary GSSP

Fortune Head section, Newfoundland, Canada
47°04′20″N 55°51′52″W / 47.072163°N 55.864398°W / 47.072163; -55.864398

Lower GSSP ratified

2007 (as base of Terreneuvian and Fortunian)

Upper boundary definition

Not formally defined

Upper boundary definition candidates

FAD of Trilobites

Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s)

None

The Terreneuvian is the lowermost and oldest series of the Cambrian geological system. Its base is defined by the first appearance datum of the trace fossil Treptichnus pedum around 538.8 million years ago. Its top is defined as the first appearance of trilobites in the stratigraphic record around 521 million years ago. This series' name was formally accepted by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in 2007.

The Fortunian stage and presently unnamed Cambrian Stage 2 are the stages within this series. The Terreneuvian corresponds to the pre-trilobitic Cambrian.

The name Terreneuvian is derived from Terre Neuve, the French name for the island of Newfoundland, Canada, where many rocks of this age are found, including the type section.

GSSP

The type locality (GSSP) of the Terreneuvian is in Fortune Head, at the northern edge of the Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada (47°04′34″N 55°49′52″W / 47.0762°N 55.8310°W / 47.0762; -55.8310). The outcrops show a carbonate-siliciclastic succession which is mapped as the Chapel Island Formation. The formation is divided into the following members that are composed of peritidal sandstones and shales (Member 1), muddy deltaic and shelf sandstones and mudstones (Member 2A), laminated siltstones (Member 2B and 3) and mudstones and limestones of the inner shelf (Member 4). The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary lies 2.4 m above the base of the second member, which is the lowest occurrence of Treptichnus pedum. The traces can be seen on the lower surface of the sandstone layers. The first calcareous shelled skeletal fossils (Ladatheca cylindrica) are 400 m above the boundary. The first trilobites appear 1400 m above the boundary, which corresponds to the beginning of the Branchian Series (Series 2).

Major events

The second phase of the Cambrian explosion occurs during the Terreneuvian. Lots of lophotrochozoan and calcified basal metazoan lineages appeared in this epoch. However, deuterostomes are absent in this interval.

References

"International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. December 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2025.
^ Landing, Ed; Peng, Shanchi; Babcock, Loren; Geyer, Gerd; Moczydlowska-Vidal, Malgorzata (December 2007). "Global standard names for the Lowermost Cambrian Series and Stage". Episodes. 30 (4): 287–289. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2007/v30i4/004. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
"GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2023-07-21. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
^ Shan-Chi Peng, Babcock Loren (2011). "Continuing progress on chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Cambrian System" (PDF). Bulletin of Geosciences. 86 (3): 391–396. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1273. ISSN 1214-1119. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-07-16.
Li, G. "The Fad of Watsonella Crosbyi". Archived from the original on 2017-01-16.
Brasier, Martin; John Cowie; Michael Taylor (1994). "Decision on the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary stratotype" (PDF). Episodes. 17 (1–2): 95–100. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1994/v17i1.2/002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-20. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
Degan Shu, Yukio Isozaki, Xingliang Zhang, Jan Han, Shigenori Maruyama (2014). "Birth and early evolution of metazoans". Gondwana Research. 25 (3): 884—895. Bibcode:2014GondR..25..884S. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.09.001.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

"GSSP at the base of the Phanerozoic Eonothem, Paleozoic Erathem, Cambrian System, Terreneuvian Series, and Fortunian Stage". timescalefoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26.
"GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08.
"GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original on 2023-07-21.
"ChronostratChart2018-08" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2018.

Cambrian Period

Terreneuvian	Series 2	Miaolingian	Furongian
Fortunian Stage 2	Stage 3 Stage 4	Wuliuan Drumian Guzhangian	Paibian Jiangshanian Stage 10

Geological history of Earth

Cenozoic Era
(present–66.0 Ma)

Quaternary (present–2.58 Ma)	Holocene (present–11.7 ka) Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)
Neogene (2.58–23.0 Ma)	Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma) Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)
Paleogene (23.0–66.0 Ma)	Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma) Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma) Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)

Mesozoic Era
(66.0–252 Ma)

Cretaceous (66.0–145 Ma)	Late (66.0–100 Ma) Early (100–145 Ma)
Jurassic (145–201 Ma)	Late (145–164 Ma) Middle (164–174 Ma) Early (174–201 Ma)
Triassic (201–252 Ma)	Late (201–237 Ma) Middle (237–247 Ma) Early (247–252 Ma)

Paleozoic Era
(252–539 Ma)

Permian (252–299 Ma)	Lopingian (252–260 Ma) Guadalupian (260–272 Ma) Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
Carboniferous (299–359 Ma)	Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma) Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
Devonian (359–419 Ma)	Late (359–383 Ma) Middle (383–393 Ma) Early (393–419 Ma)
Silurian (419–444 Ma)	Pridoli (419–423 Ma) Ludlow (423–427 Ma) Wenlock (427–433 Ma) Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
Ordovician (444–485 Ma)	Late (444–458 Ma) Middle (458–470 Ma) Early (470–485 Ma)
Cambrian (485–539 Ma)	Furongian (485–497 Ma) Miaolingian (497–509 Ma) Series 2 (509–521 Ma) Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)

Proterozoic Eon
(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)

Neoproterozoic (539 Ma–1 Ga)	Ediacaran (539–635 Ma) Cryogenian (635–720 Ma) Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)
Mesoproterozoic (1–1.6 Ga)	Stenian (1–1.2 Ga) Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga) Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)
Paleoproterozoic (1.6–2.5 Ga)	Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga) Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga) Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga) Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)

Archean Eon (2.5–4 Ga)

Hadean Eon (4–4.6 Ga)

ka = kiloannum (thousand years ago); Ma = megaannum (million years ago); Ga = gigaannum (billion years ago).
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