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In molecular biology, the BESS domain is a protein domain which has been named after the three proteins that originally defined the domain: BEAF (Boundary element associated factor 32), Suvar(3)7 and Stonewall ). The BESS domain is 40 amino acid residues long and is predicted to be composed of three alpha helices, as such it might be related to the myb/SANT HTH domain. The BESS domain directs a variety of protein-protein interactions, including interactions with itself, with Dorsal, and with a TBP-associated factor. It is found in a single copy in Drosophila proteins and is often associated with the MADF domain.

Proteins known to contain a BESS domain include:

• Drosophila Boundary element associated factor 32 (BEAF-32).
• Drosophila Suppressor of variegation protein 3-7 (Su(var)3-7), which could play a role in chromosome condensation.
• Drosophila Ravus, which is homologous to the C-terminal part of Su(var)3-7.
• Drosophila Stonewall (Stwl), a putative transcription factor required for maintenance of female germline stem cells as well as oocyte differentiation.
• Drosophila Adf-1, a transcription factor first identified on the basis of its interaction with the alcohol dehydrogenase promoter but that binds the promoters of a diverse group of genes.
• Drosophila Dorsal-interacting protein 3 (Dip3). It functions both as an activator to bind DNA in a sequence specific manner and a coactivator to stimulate synergistic activation by Dorsal and Twist.

References

1. Zhao K, Hart CM, Laemmli UK (June 1995). "Visualization of chromosomal domains with boundary element-associated factor BEAF-32". Cell. 81 (6): 879–89. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90008-X. PMID 7781065. S2CID 18999226.
2. Reuter G, Giarre M, Farah J, Gausz J, Spierer A, Spierer P (March 1990). "Dependence of position-effect variegation in Drosophila on dose of a gene encoding an unusual zinc-finger protein". Nature. 344 (6263): 219–23. Bibcode:1990Natur.344..219R. doi:10.1038/344219a0. PMID 2107402. S2CID 4321455.
3. Clark KA, McKearin DM (March 1996). "The Drosophila stonewall gene encodes a putative transcription factor essential for germ cell development". Development. 122 (3): 937–50. doi:10.1242/dev.122.3.937. PMID 8631271.
4. ^ England BP, Admon A, Tjian R (January 1992). "Cloning of Drosophila transcription factor Adf-1 reveals homology to Myb oncoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (2): 683–7. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89..683E. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.2.683. PMC 48303. PMID 1731341.
5. ^ Cutler G, Perry KM, Tjian R (April 1998). "Adf-1 is a nonmodular transcription factor that contains a TAF-binding Myb-like motif". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (4): 2252–61. doi:10.1128/MCB.18.4.2252. PMC 121473. PMID 9528796.
6. Bhaskar V, Courey AJ (October 2002). "The MADF-BESS domain factor Dip3 potentiates synergistic activation by Dorsal and Twist". Gene. 299 (1–2): 173–84. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01058-2. PMID 12459265.
7. Delattre M, Spierer A, Hulo N, Spierer P (January 2002). "A new gene in Drosophila melanogaster, Ravus, the phantom of the modifier of position-effect variegation Su(var)3-7". Int. J. Dev. Biol. 46 (1): 167–71. PMID 11902679.

• Protein domains