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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name cerium(4+);tetrahydroxide | |
| Other names ceric hydroxide | |
| Identifiers | |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.441 
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| PubChem CID | |
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| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | Ce(OH)4 |
| Appearance | bright yellow solid |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
| Main hazards | Not classified as hazardous |
| Related compounds | |
| Other cations | lanthanum hydroxide praseodymium hydroxide |
| Related compounds | cerium(III) hydroxide cerium dioxide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references | |
Cerium(IV) hydroxide, also known as ceric hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ce(OH)4. It is a yellowish powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in concentrated acids.
Production
Cerium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting cerium(III) carbonate and acetic acid, then oxidizing it with hydrogen peroxide in base. The reactions are:
- Ce2(CO3)3 + 6 CH3COOH → 2 Ce(CH3COO)3 + 3 CO2↑ + 3 H2O
- 2 Ce(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2O2 + 4 H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) + 6 CH3COOH
- CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
- 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) → 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑
The net equation is：
- Ce2(CO3)3 + 6 CH3COOH + 3 H2O2 + 6 NaOH —→ 2 Ce(OH)4 + 6 CH3COONa + O2↑ + 3 CO2↑ + 5 H2O
If using cerium(III) nitrate as ingredient, a similar reaction occurs:
- 2 Ce(NO3)3 + 3 H2O2 + 6 NH3·H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH)↓ + 6 NH4NO3 + 2 H2O
- Ce(OH)3(OOH) —→ 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑
It might also prepared by addition of sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to a Ce solution, being obtained as a gelatinous precipitate described as CeO2·xH2O, (x = 0.5–2). Boiling an insoluble Ce salt in NaOH gives granular Ce(OH)4.
References
- ^ Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-1-43-981461-1.
- 钟学明,邓安民,舒红英 等. 氢氧化铈合成的新方法. 过程工程学报. 2005.2. 5(1):74-77
- 李月红，李树胜，方中心. 高纯氢氧化铈生产工艺研究. 无机盐工业. 2011.9. 43(9): 40-42
| Cerium compounds | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cerium(II) | |||
| Cerium(III) |
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| Cerium(III,IV) | |||
| Cerium(IV) | |||
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