| Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Jordan |
| Language family | Arabic-based pidgin
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | jord1239 |
Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic (JBPA) is an Arabic pidgin spoken in Jordan. The pidgin was formed from contact between the Jordanian Arabic and Bengali languages. UNESCO classifies it as "endangered/unsafe".
Grammar
The past/perfect and the present/imperfect in Jordanian Benagli Pidgin Arabic are not preserved. Imperfect aspect is interchangeably used for the past and the present tense. This lack of inflection for tense can be compensated either by context or by the existence of some adverbs, such as ʕawwal, gabul and badēn. Moreover, the tense/aspect might expressed by the use of the JBPA copula fī.
Phonology
| Bilabial | Labial | Interdental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | t | k | ʔ | ||||||
| Voiced | b | d | g | |||||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | f | θ | s | ç | χ | ħ | h | ||
| Voiced | ð | z | ʝ | ʁ | ʕ | |||||
| Affricative | Voiceless | cç | ||||||||
| Voiced | z | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
| Tap | r | |||||||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | ɰ | ||||||
JBPA underwent several phoneme shifts from Jordanian Arabic.
- The glottal stop /ʔ/ was, in most of the contexts, realized as a long vowel or was lost
- Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic speakers sometimes replaced the unvoiced labiodental fricative /f/ with the unvoiced stop /p/
- The interdental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ have been replaced bytheir dental plosive counterparts /t/ and /d/
See also
Further reading
- Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2013). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis). Yarmouk University.
- Al-Haq, Fawwaz Al-Abed; Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2014). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis).
References
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- "Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic". UNESCO WAL. Retrieved 2023-05-18.
- Al-Haq, Fawwaz Al-Abed; Al-Salman, Ibrahim (May 2014). "Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic" (PDF). US-China Foreign Language. 12: 339. ISSN 1539-8080.
- Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia.edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
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