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Thallium(I) hydroxide

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Thallium(I) hydroxide
Names
IUPAC name thallium(I) hydroxide
Other names thallous hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.540 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 234-708-8
PubChem CID
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/H2O.Tl/h1H2;/q;+1/p-1Key: QGYXCSSUHCHXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M
  • InChI=1/H2O.Tl/h1H2;/q;+1/p-1Key: QGYXCSSUHCHXHB-REWHXWOFAR
SMILES
  • .
Properties
Chemical formula TlOH
Molar mass 221.39 g·mol
Appearance yellow needles
Density 7.44 g/cm
Melting point decomposes at 139°C
Solubility in water 34.3 g/(100 g) at 18°C
Thermochemistry
Std molar
entropy (S298) 		88.0 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH298) 		−238.9 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards Very toxic

Corrosive Dangerous for the environment

GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Signal word Danger
Hazard statements H300, H330, H373, H411
Precautionary statements P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazard COR: Corrosive; strong acid or base. E.g. sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide
4 0 1COR
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Thallium(I) hydroxide, also called thallous hydroxide, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula TlOH. It is a hydroxide of thallium, with thallium in oxidation state +1. It is a thallium(I) salt of water. It consists of thallium(I) cations Tl and hydroxide anions OH.

Synthesis

Thallium(I) hydroxide is obtained from the decomposition of thallium(I) ethoxide in water.

CH3CH2OTl + H2O → TlOH + CH3CH2OH

This can also be done by direct reaction of thallium with ethanol and oxygen gas.

4 Tl + 2 CH3CH2OH + O2 → 2 CH3CH2OTl + 2 TlOH

Another method is the reaction between thallium(I) sulfate and barium hydroxide.

Tl2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 → 2 TlOH + BaSO4

Properties

Thallium(I) hydroxide is a strong base; it dissociates to thallium(I) cations, Tl, and hydroxide anions, OH, except in strongly basic conditions. Tl cation resembles an alkali metal cation, such as Li, Na or K.

References

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Thallium(I) hydroxide" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
  1. Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–89, 5–16. ISBN 0-8493-0594-2.
  2. "Thallium hydroxide". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
  3. Brauer, Georg; Baudler, Marianne (1975). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, Band I. (3rd ed.). Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke. p. 883. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
Thallium compounds
Neg. ox. states
Thallium(I)
Organothallium(I)
  • TlC2H3O2
  • Tl2C3H2O4
  • TlC5H5
    • Thallium(III)
    Hydroxides
    HOH He
    LiOH Be(OH)2 B(OH)3 C(OH)4 N(OH)3
    [NH4]OH     		O(OH)2 FOH Ne
    NaOH Mg(OH)2 Al(OH)3 Si(OH)4 P(OH)3 S(OH)2 ClOH Ar
    KOH Ca(OH)2 Sc(OH)3 Ti(OH)2
    Ti(OH)3
    Ti(OH)4     		V(OH)2
    V(OH)3     		Cr(OH)2
    Cr(OH)3     		Mn(OH)2 Fe(OH)2
    Fe(OH)3     		Co(OH)2 Ni(OH)2 CuOH
    Cu(OH)2     		Zn(OH)2 Ga(OH)3 Ge(OH)2 As(OH)3 Se BrOH Kr
    RbOH Sr(OH)2 Y(OH)3 Zr(OH)4 Nb Mo Tc(OH)4 Ru Rh(OH)3 Pd AgOH Cd(OH)2 In(OH)3 Sn(OH)2
    Sn(OH)4     		Sb(OH)3 Te(OH)6 IOH Xe
    CsOH Ba(OH)2 * Lu(OH)3 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au(OH)3 Hg(OH)2 TlOH
    Tl(OH)3     		Pb(OH)2
    Pb(OH)4     		Bi(OH)3 Po At Rn
    FrOH Ra(OH)2 ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
     
    * La(OH)3 Ce(OH)3
    Ce(OH)4     		Pr(OH)3 Nd(OH)3 Pm(OH)3 Sm(OH)3 Eu(OH)2
    Eu(OH)3     		Gd(OH)3 Tb(OH)3 Dy(OH)3 Ho(OH)3 Er(OH)3 Tm(OH)3 Yb(OH)3
    ** Ac(OH)3 Th(OH)4 Pa U(OH)2
    U(OH)3
    UO2(OH)2     		Np(OH)3
    Np(OH)4
    NpO2(OH)3     		Pu Am(OH)3 Cm(OH)3 Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
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