Misplaced Pages

Revision as of 16:32, 20 February 2022

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Cyrillization of Chinese" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

The Cyrillization of Chinese (Hanyu Cyril Pinyin) is the transcription of Chinese characters into the Cyrillic alphabet.

The Palladius System is the official Russian standard for transcribing Chinese into Russian, with variants existing for Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, and other languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet. It was created by Palladius Kafarov, a Russian sinologist and monk who spent thirty years in China in the nineteenth century.

There is also a Macedonian Cyrillization of Chinese, based on the Macedonian Misplaced Pages.

Russian system

Initials

Note that because the Russian version of the Cyrillic alphabet has no letters for dz or dzh (although дз and дж are found in Bulgarian, and also ѕ and џ are found in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic), the digraphs цз and чж are used respectively.

Finals

Nucleus		a					ə						∅
Coda		∅	i	u	n	ŋ	∅	i	u	n	ŋ	ɻ
Medial	∅	a ㄚ a	ай ai ㄞ ai	ao ao ㄠ ao	ань an ㄢ an	ан ang ㄤ ang	э ê/o ㄜ e	эй ei ㄟ ei	оу ou ㄡ ou	энь ên ㄣ en	эн êng ㄥ eng	эр êrh ㄦ er	и/ы ih/ŭ -i
	i	я ia ㄧㄚ ia		яо iao ㄧㄠ iao	янь ien ㄧㄢ ian	ян iang ㄧㄤ iang	е ieh ㄧㄝ ie		ю iu ㄧㄡ iu	инь in ㄧㄣ in	ин ing ㄧㄥ ing		и i ㄧ i
	u	уа ua ㄨㄚ ua	уай uai ㄨㄞ uai		уaнь uan ㄨㄢ uan	уaн uang ㄨㄤ uang	о o/uo ㄨㄛ uo	уй ui ㄨㄟ ui		унь un ㄨㄣ un	ун ung ㄨㄥ ong		у u ㄨ u
	y				юaнь üan ㄩㄢ üan		юэ üeh ㄩㄝ üe			юнь ün ㄩㄣ ün	юн iung ㄩㄥ iong		юй ü ㄩ ü

In composites, coda ng is transcribed нъ when the following syllable starts with a vowel. For example, the names of the cities of Chang'an and Hengyang are transcribed as Чанъань and Хэнъян.

In syllables with no initial, w is transcribed as в in all cases except wu, transcribed as у. For example, the names of the cities of Wuwei (both Wuwei, Anhui and Wuwei, Gansu) and Wanning are transcribed as Увэй and Ваньнин.

Comparison chart

This table establishes correspondence between the Russian Palladius system together with the two Romanization systems most commonly used in English-speaking countries: Pinyin and Wade–Giles.

Exceptions

The names of the cities of Beijing and Nanjing are transcribed as Пеки́н (instead of Бэйцзин) and Нанки́н (instead of Наньцзин), much as Peking and Nanking were still used in English speaking countries until recently. Hong Kong (pinyin: Xianggang) may be both Сянга́н (Xianggang) and Гонко́нг (Hong Kong); the latter is more common.

The syllable hui is transcribed not as хуй but as хуэй (Huizu, Хуэйцзу) or, less often, as хой (Anhui, Аньхой) for aesthetic reasons, since хуй is a taboo word for "penis" in Russian and several other Slavic languages.

Older documents contain variants мэн — мын, мэнь — мынь, фэн — фын, фэнь — фынь, пэн — пын, hence Aomen (Macao) is traditionally spelled Аомынь in Russian. Most modern texts contain э, with some exceptions.

Ukrainian system

Initials

Finals

Nucleus		a					ə						∅
Coda		∅	i	u	n	ŋ	∅	i	u	n	ŋ	ɻ
Medial	∅	a ㄚ a	ай ai ㄞ ai	ao ao ㄠ ao	ань an ㄢ an	ан ang ㄤ ang	е ê/o ㄜ e	ей ei ㄟ ei	оу ou ㄡ ou	ень ên ㄣ en	ен êng ㄥ eng	ер êrh ㄦ er	і/и ih/ŭ -i
	i	я ia ㄧㄚ ia		яо iao ㄧㄠ iao	янь ien ㄧㄢ ian	ян iang ㄧㄤ iang	є ieh ㄧㄝ ie		ю iu ㄧㄡ iu	їнь in ㄧㄣ in	їн ing ㄧㄥ ing		ї i ㄧ i
	u	уа ua ㄨㄚ ua	уай uai ㄨㄞ uai		уaнь uan ㄨㄢ uan	уaн uang ㄨㄤ uang	о o/uo ㄨㄛ uo	уй ui ㄨㄟ ui		унь un ㄨㄣ un	ун ung ㄨㄥ ong		у u ㄨ u
	y				юaнь üan ㄩㄢ üan		юе üeh ㄩㄝ üe			юнь ün ㄩㄣ ün	юн iung ㄩㄥ iong		юй ü ㄩ ü

In composites, coda ng is transcribed нъ when the following syllable starts with a vowel. For example, the names of the cities of Chang'an and Hengyang are transcribed as Чанъань and Хенъян.

Comparison chart

This table establishes correspondence between the Ukrainian Palladius system together with the two Romanization systems most commonly used in English-speaking countries: Pinyin and Wade–Giles.

Cyrillization with the Ukrainian alphabet differs from the Russian as follows:

• е → є
• ё → йо
• э → е
• г → ґ
• и → і
  • in жи, чжи, чи, ши (ri, zhi, chi, shi) still и is used
  • Syllables without initial consonant start with ї (yi, yin, ying → ї, їнь, їн).
• ы → и

Belarusian system

Cyrillization with the Belarusian alphabet differs from the Russian as follows:

• ао, яо → аа, яа (in accordance with Belarusian akanye)
• и → і
  • in ri, zhi, chi, shi there is ы (жы, чжы, чы, шы).

Serbian system

The Serbian system is rather different from the Russian: for example, j, q, zh are transcribed as ђ, ћ, џ; the Serbian letters ј, љ, њ appear where the Russian system uses я, е, ё, ю, й; final n and ng are н and нг.

Sample texts

Traditional:

Simplified:

Pinyin:

Russian Palladius:

Ukrainian Palladius:

Belarusian Palladius:

Serbian Palladius:

你

你

Nǐ

Ни

Ні

Ні

Ни

好

好

hǎo

хао

хао

хао

хао

嗎？

吗？

ma?

ма?

ма?

ма?

ма?

這個

这个

Zhège

Чжэгэ

Чжеґе

Чжэгэ

Џеге

是

是

shì

ши

ши

шы

ши

一段

一段

yīduàn

идуань

їдуань

ідуань

идуан

用

用

yòng

юн

юн

юн

јунг

西里爾

西里尔

Xīlǐ'ěr

Сили эр

Сілі ер

Сілі эр

Сили ер

字母

字母

zìmǔ

цзы му

цзи му

цзы му

цзи му

寫

写

xiě

се

сє

се

сје

的

的

de

дэ

де

дэ

де

中文。

中文。

Zhōngwén.

Чжунвэнь.

Чжунвень.

Чжунвэнь.

Џунгвен.

{Traditional:} 你 好 嗎？ 這個 是 一段 用 西里爾 字母 寫 的 中文。

{Simplified:} 你 好 吗？ 这个 是 一段 用 西里尔 字母 写 的 中文。

{Pinyin:} Nǐ hǎo ma? Zhège shì yīduàn yòng Xīlǐ'ěr zìmǔ xiě de Zhōngwén.

{Russian Palladius:} Ни хао ма? Чжэгэ ши идуань юн {Сили эр} {цзы му} се дэ Чжунвэнь.

{Ukrainian Palladius:} Ні хао ма? Чжеґе ши їдуань юн {Сілі ер} {цзи му} сє де Чжунвень.

{Belarusian Palladius:} Ні хао ма? Чжэгэ шы ідуань юн {Сілі эр} {цзы му} се дэ Чжунвэнь.

{Serbian Palladius:} Ни хао ма? Џеге ши идуан јунг {Сили ер} {цзи му} сје де Џунгвен.

English Translation: How are you? This is a Chinese sentence written in Cyrillic alphabet.

See also

• Palladius table
• Dungan language
• Romanization of Chinese
• Cyrillization of Japanese

References

1. "Транслитерация пиньиня в систему Палладия".

External links

• Automatic Cyrillic transliteration of pinyin
• Annotation of Chinese with Palladius and other phonetic systems

v t e Transliteration and transcription into Cyrillic
Existing systems	Arabic Armenian Chinese English French German Georgian Greek Irish Japanese Korean Kurdish Lithuanian Mongolian Persian Polish Romanian Serbian Spanish Turkish Uyghur Vietnamese
Standards	Alphabet comparison Cyrillic script International Phonetic Alphabet Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic

v t e Chinese language
Sinitic languages
Major groups	Mandarin Northeastern Changchun Harbin Shenyang Taz Beijing Beijing Taiwan Jilu Tianjin Jinan Jiaoliao Dalian Qingdao Weihai Central Plains Dongping Gangou Guanzhong Xi'an Luoyang Xuzhou Dungan Xinjiang Southwestern Sichuanese Chengdu–Chongqing Minjiang Leshan Renshou–Fushun Zigong Kunming Nanping Wuhan Gui–Liu Wuming Jianghuai Nanjing Nantong Nanping Lanyin Lanzhou dialect [zh] Urumqi dialect [zh] Xinjiang Other Junjiahua Qinjiang Gyami Jin Zhangjiakou–Hohhot Zhi–Yan Wu Taihu Shanghai Suzhou Wuxi Changzhou Hangzhou (?) Shaoxing Ningbo Jinxiang Jiangyin Shadi Taizhou Wu Taizhou Tiantai Oujiang Wenzhou Rui'an Wencheng Wuzhou Jinhua Chu–Qu Quzhou Jiangshan Qingtian Xuanzhou Xuancheng Huizhou Ji-She [zh] Xiu-Yi [zh] Qi-De [zh] Yanzhou [zh] Jing-Zhan [zh] Gan Chang–Du Nanchang Yi–Liu Ying–Yi Da–Tong Xiang Changyi Changsha Loushao Shuangfeng Xiangxiang Wugang Ji–Xu Yong–Quan Qiyang Min Eastern Houguan Fuzhou Fuqing Changle Gutian Matsu Fu–Ning Ningde Fu'an Other Manjiang Zhongshan Longdu Nanlang Southern Hokkien Quanzhou Zhangzhou Amoy Chawan Taiwan Philippine Pedan Penang Singapore Malaysian Teochew Swatow Haklau Zhongshan Sanxiang Other Zhenan Longyan Other Northern Jian'ou Jianyang Central Pu–Xian Shao–Jiang Leizhou Zhanjiang Hainan Wenchang Haikou Banqiao Hakka Meixian Wuhua Huizhou Tingzhou Changting Taiwanese Sixian Hailu Raoping Yue Yuehai Guangzhou Hong Kong Malaysia Xiguan Jiujiang Shiqi Weitou Dapeng Siyi Taishan Xinhui Other Gao–Yang Goulou Wu–Hua Yong–Xun Luo–Guang Qin–Lian Pinghua Northern Tongdao Younian Southern Yongjiang Guandao Rongjiang Unclassified Shaozhou Tuhua Xiangnan Tuhua Badong Yao Danzhou Mai Shehua Waxiang Yeheni Huizhou Bai Cai-Long Caijia Longjia Luren Laobeizi
Standard forms	Standard Chinese Sichuanese Taiwanese Philippine Malaysian Singaporean Standard Singdarin Cantonese Hokkien Hakka
Phonology	Historical Old Old National Cantonese Hokkien Northern Wu Mandarin Literary and colloquial readings
Grammar	Numerals Classifiers Honorifics Cantonese grammar Classical grammar
Idioms	Chengyu Xiehouyu
Input	Biaoxingma Boshiamy Cangjie Simplified CKC Dayi Pinyin Google Microsoft Sogou Stroke count Wubi (Wang Ma) ZhengMa
History	Old Chinese Eastern Han Middle Chinese Old Mandarin Middle Mandarin Proto-Min Proto-Hakka Ba–Shu Gan
Literary forms	Official Classical Adoption in Japan in Vietnam Vernacular Written Cantonese Written Dungan Written Hokkien Written Sichuanese
Scripts	Logographic Script styles Oracle bone Bronze Seal Clerical Semi-cursive Cursive Chinese characters Simplified Traditional Punctuation Braille Cantonese Mainland Chinese Taiwanese Two-cell Phonetic Cyrillization Dungan Cyrillic Romanization Gwoyeu Romatzyh Hanyu Pinyin MPS II Postal Tongyong Pinyin Wade–Giles EFEO Lessing-Othmer Yale Bopomofo Cantonese Bopomofo Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols Taiwanese kana Taiwanese Hangul Xiao'erjing Nüshu
List of varieties of Chinese

• Cyrillization
• Transcription of Chinese
• China–Russia relations