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Cha is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.

Mongolian language

Cha
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
ᠠa ᠡe ᠢi ᠣo ᠤu ᠥö ᠦü ᠧ(ē)
Mongolian consonants
ᠨn ᠩng ᠪb ᠫ(p) ᠬq/k ᠭɣ/g ᠮm ᠯl ᠰs ᠱš ᠲt ᠳd ᠴč ᠵǰ ᠶy ᠷr ᠸ(w)
Foreign consonants
Mongolian script multigraphs
v t e

• Transcribes Chakhar /t͡ʃ/; Khalkha /t͡ʃʰ/, and /t͡sʰ/ (Mongolian Cyrillic ч, and ц, respectively). Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter ч.
• For Buryat, a derived letter with two dots on the right ⟨ᡸ; ⟩ is used in places where č is pronounced as š.
• Derived from Old Uyghur (through early Mongolian) tsade (𐽽).
• Produced with Q using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.
• In the Mongolian Unicode block, č comes after d and before ǰ.

Clear Script

Xibe language

Manchu language

Notes

1. Scholarly transliteration.
2. Not found in native Mongolian words.
3. As in the second person singular pronoun ᠴᠢ či (чи chi) 'thou' (singular 'you').
4. ^ As in the strengthening/intensifying (emphatic) and concessive ⟨ᠴᠤ⟩ ču/čü (ч ch) 'even, as for' particle, ᠴᠣ/ᠴᠣᠭᠤ čo/čoɣu (цоо tsoo) 'through and through, completely', or ᠴᠦ čü (цүү tsüü) 'spike, bolt'.

References

1. "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
2. ^ Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
3. ^ Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
4. Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
5. ^ "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-22. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
6. ^ Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
7. "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
8. ^ Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi; as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.
9. ^ Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
10. ^ "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
11. "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
12. "Mongolian / ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ Moŋġol" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2015-12-27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
13. West, Andrew; Zhamsoev, Amgalan; Zaytsev, Viacheslav (2017-01-13). "L2/17-007: Proposal to encode one historical Mongolian letter for Buryat Mongolian" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-01-19. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
14. Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
15. Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
16. jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

• Mongolic letters
• Mongolic languages
• Tungusic languages