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GPRC5A
Identifiers
Aliases	GPRC5A, GPCR5A, RAI3, RAIG1, PEIG-1, TIG1, G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A
External IDs	OMIM: 604138; MGI: 1891250; HomoloGene: 2961; GeneCards: GPRC5A; OMA:GPRC5A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human) Band 12p13.1 Start 12,891,559 bp End 12,917,937 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse) Band 6|6 G1 Start 135,042,649 bp End 135,061,707 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in amniotic fluid lower lobe of lung mucosa of sigmoid colon right lung upper lobe of lung upper lobe of left lung mucosa of urinary bladder visceral pleura cartilage tissue rectum Top expressed in right lung lobe left lung lobe large intestine colon epithelium of stomach left colon blastocyst tail of embryo renal calyx morula More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor activity protein binding signal transducer activity cadherin binding protein kinase activator activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane extracellular exosome cytoplasmic vesicle membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle membrane cytoplasmic vesicle vesicle nucleolus receptor complex Biological process negative regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction activation of protein kinase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9052 232431 Ensembl ENSG00000013588 ENSMUSG00000046733 UniProt Q8NFJ5 Q8BHL4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003979 NM_181444 RefSeq (protein) NP_003970 NP_852109 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 12.89 – 12.92 Mb Chr 6: 135.04 – 135.06 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Retinoic acid-induced protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPRC5A gene. This gene and its encoded mRNA was first identified as a phorbol ester-induced gene, and named Phorbol Ester Induced Gen 1 (PEIG-1); two years later it was rediscovered as a retinoic acid-inducible gene, and named Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene 1 (RAIG1). Its encoded protein was later named Retinoic acid-induced protein 3.

Function

This gene encodes a member of the type 3 G protein-coupled receptor family, characterized by the signature 7-transmembrane domain motif. The encoded protein may be involved in interaction between retinoic acid and G protein signalling pathways. Retinoic acid plays a critical role in development, cellular growth, and differentiation. This gene may play a role in embryonic development and epithelial cell differentiation. Tryptamine and other indole related chemicals produced by gut microflora bind and activate the receptor.

Post transcriptional regulation

GPRC5A is one of only a handful of genes known in the literature that are post-transcriptionally controlled by miRNAs through their 5'UTR.

Clinical significance

GPRC5A is dysregulated in many human cancers and in other diseases.

See also

• Retinoic acid-inducible orphan G protein-coupled receptor

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000013588 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000046733 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. ^ Cheng Y, Lotan R (1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel retinoic acid-inducible gene that encodes a putative G protein-coupled receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (52): 35008–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.52.35008. PMID 9857033.
6. ^ "Entrez Gene: GPRC5A G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member A".
7. Cafferata EG, Gonzalez-Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA (1996). "Identification by differential display of a mRNA specifically induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in T84 human colon carcinoma cells". Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand). 42 (5): 797–804. PMID 8832110.
8. Zhao X (2023). "Chemoproteomics reveals microbiota-derived aromatic monoamine agonists for GPRC5A". Nature Chemical Biology. 19 (10): 1205–1214. doi:10.1038/s41589-023-01328-z. PMID 37248411.
9. Zhou H, Rigoutsos I (2014). "MiR-103a-3p targets the 5' UTR of GPRC5A in pancreatic cells". RNA. 20 (9): 1431–9. doi:10.1261/rna.045757.114. PMC 4138326. PMID 24984703.
10. Zhou H, Rigoutsos I (2014). "The emerging roles of GPRC5A in diseases". Oncoscience. 1 (12): 765–76. doi:10.18632/oncoscience.104. PMC 4303886. PMID 25621293.

Further reading

• Cafferata EG, Gonzalez-Guerrico AM, Pivetta OH, Santa-Coloma TA (1996). "Identification by differential display of a mRNA specifically induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in T84 human colon carcinoma cells". Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand). 42 (5): 797–804. PMID 8832110.
• Bräuner-Osborne H, Krogsgaard-Larsen P (2000). "Sequence and expression pattern of a novel human orphan G-protein-coupled receptor, GPRC5B, a family C receptor with a short amino-terminal domain". Genomics. 65 (2): 121–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6164. PMID 10783259.
• Robbins MJ, Michalovich D, Hill J, Calver AR, Medhurst AD, Gloger I, Sims M, Middlemiss DN, Pangalos MN (2000). "Molecular cloning and characterization of two novel retinoic acid-inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRC5B and GPRC5C)". Genomics. 67 (1): 8–18. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6226. PMID 10945465.
• Tao Q, Cheng Y, Clifford J, Lotan R (2004). "Characterization of the murine orphan G-protein-coupled receptor gene Rai3 and its regulation by retinoic acid". Genomics. 83 (2): 270–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00237-4. PMID 14706456.
• Wu Q, Ding W, Mirza A, Van Arsdale T, Wei I, Bishop WR, Basso A, McClanahan T, Luo L, Kirschmeier P, Gustafson E, Hernandez M, Liu S (2005). "Integrative genomics revealed RAI3 is a cell growth-promoting gene and a novel P53 transcriptional target". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (13): 12935–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409901200. PMID 15659406.
• Zhang Y, Wolf-Yadlin A, Ross PL, Pappin DJ, Rush J, Lauffenburger DA, White FM (2005). "Time-resolved mass spectrometry of tyrosine phosphorylation sites in the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling network reveals dynamic modules". Mol. Cell. Proteomics. 4 (9): 1240–50. doi:10.1074/mcp.M500089-MCP200. PMID 15951569.
• Nousiainen M, Silljé HH, Sauer G, Nigg EA, Körner R (2006). "Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (14): 5391–6. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.5391N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0507066103. PMC 1459365. PMID 16565220.
• Hirano M, Zang L, Oka T, Ito Y, Shimada Y, Nishimura Y, Tanaka T (2006). "Novel reciprocal regulation of cAMP signaling and apoptosis by orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPRC5A gene expression". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351 (1): 185–91. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.016. PMID 17055459.
• Mori C, Valdivieso AG, Clauzure M, Massip-Copiz MM, Aguilar MA, Cafferata EG, Santa Coloma TA (2020). "Identification and characterization of human PEIG-1/GPRC5A as a 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and PKC-induced gene". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 687: 108375. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2020.108375. PMID 32339486. S2CID 216594760.

External links

• "GPRC5 Receptors: RAIG₁". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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