MRGPRX2

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

MRGPRX2

Identifiers

MRGPRX2, MGRG3, MRGX2, MAS related GPR family member X2

External IDs

OMIM: 607228; MGI: 3588270; HomoloGene: 24986; GeneCards: MRGPRX2; OMA:MRGPRX2 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)

Band	11p15.1	Start	19,054,455 bp
Band	11p15.1	End	19,060,717 bp

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)

Band	7\|7 B4	Start	48,128,367 bp
Band	7\|7 B4	End	48,149,069 bp

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

testicle

skin of abdomen

skin of leg

subcutaneous adipose tissue

rectum

urinary bladder

fundus

vagina

gastric mucosa

smooth muscle tissue

Top expressed in

muscle of thigh

zone of skin

quadriceps femoris muscle

esophagus

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	neuropeptide binding signal transducer activity mast cell secretagogue receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity
Cellular component	plasma membrane membrane integral component of membrane mast cell granule integral component of plasma membrane
Biological process	sleep positive regulation of cytokinesis mast cell activation G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction sensory perception of pain mast cell degranulation
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


117194


243978

Ensembl


ENSG00000183695


ENSMUSG00000074109

UniProt


Q96LB1


Q3UG50

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001303615 NM_054030


NM_001034868

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001290544 NP_473371


NP_001030040

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11: 19.05 – 19.06 Mb

Chr 7: 48.13 – 48.15 Mb

PubMed search

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRGPRX2 gene. It is most abundant on cutaneous mast cells, sensory neurons, and keratinocytes.

Activation of MRGPRX2 on mast cells leads to IgE-independent type 1 hypersensitivity-like symptoms, also known as pseudoallergic reactions, although more rapid and brief. Medications identified to cause MRGPRX2 activation including neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) (except for succinylcholine), antibiotics like DNA gyrase inhibitor fluoroquinolones or cell wall synthesis inhibitor vancomycin (which caused Red Man syndrome), icatibant, leuprolide, and morphine.

References

^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183695 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000074109 – Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Dong X, Han S, Zylka MJ, Simon MI, Anderson DJ (September 2001). "A diverse family of GPCRs expressed in specific subsets of nociceptive sensory neurons". Cell. 106 (5): 619–632. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00483-4. PMID 11551509.
"Entrez Gene: MRGPRX2 MAS-related GPR, member X2".
^ Akin C, Elhosni M, Khokar DS (2023). "Mast Cells and Mast Cell disorders". In Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Schroeder HW, Weyand CM, Corry DB, Puck J (eds.). Clinical immunology: principles and practice. Elsevier. p. 563. ISBN 978-0-7020-8165-1.

Takeda S, Kadowaki S, Haga T, Takaesu H, Mitaku S (June 2002). "Identification of G protein-coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence". FEBS Letters. 520 (1–3): 97–101. Bibcode:2002FEBSL.520...97T. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02775-8. PMID 12044878. S2CID 7116392.
Robas N, Mead E, Fidock M (November 2003). "MrgX2 is a high potency cortistatin receptor expressed in dorsal root ganglion". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (45): 44400–44404. doi:10.1074/jbc.M302456200. PMID 12915402.
Yang S, Liu Y, Lin AA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Zhao Z, Su B (June 2005). "Adaptive evolution of MRGX2, a human sensory neuron specific gene involved in nociception". Gene. 352: 30–35. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2005.03.001. PMID 15862286.

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F: Frizzled & Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)
Smoothened	Smoothened

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References

Further reading