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MTNR1A
Identifiers
Aliases	MTNR1A, MEL-1A-R, MT1, Melatonin receptor 1A
External IDs	OMIM: 600665; MGI: 102967; HomoloGene: 21207; GeneCards: MTNR1A; OMA:MTNR1A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human) Band 4q35.2 Start 186,533,655 bp End 186,555,567 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 8 (mouse) Band 8 B1.1|8 24.95 cM Start 45,522,174 bp End 45,541,543 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle palpebral conjunctiva rectum islet of Langerhans human kidney appendix gallbladder cerebellar cortex cerebellar hemisphere mucosa of transverse colon Top expressed in lens embryo embryo epithelium of lens suprachiasmatic nucleus spermatid superior cervical ganglion liver left lobe of liver duodenum More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function hormone binding G protein-coupled receptor activity organic cyclic compound binding signal transducer activity protein binding melatonin receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane receptor complex integral component of plasma membrane plasma membrane Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger mating behavior signal transduction circadian rhythm G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4543 17773 Ensembl ENSG00000168412 ENSMUSG00000054764 UniProt P48039 Q61184 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005958 NM_008639 RefSeq (protein) NP_005949 NP_032665 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 186.53 – 186.56 Mb Chr 8: 45.52 – 45.54 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Melatonin receptor type 1A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTNR1A gene.

Function

This gene encodes the MT₁ protein, one of two high-affinity forms of a receptor for melatonin, the primary hormone secreted by the pineal gland. This receptor is a G protein-coupled, 7-transmembrane receptor that is responsible for melatonin effects on mammalian circadian rhythm and reproductive alterations affected by day length. The receptor is an integral membrane protein that is readily detectable and localized to two specific regions of the brain. The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus appears to be involved in circadian rhythm while the hypophysial pars tuberalis may be responsible for the reproductive effects of melatonin.

Ligands

1. Melatonin – full agonist
2. Afobazole – agonist
3. Agomelatine – agonist

See also

• Melatonin receptor
• Discovery and development of melatonin receptor agonists

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000168412 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054764 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Slaugenhaupt SA, Roca AL, Liebert CB, Altherr MR, Gusella JF, Reppert SM (May 1995). "Mapping of the gene for the Mel1a-melatonin receptor to human chromosome 4 (MTNR1A) and mouse chromosome 8 (Mtnr1a)". Genomics. 27 (2): 355–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1056. PMID 7558006.
6. ^ "Entrez Gene: MTNR1A melatonin receptor 1A".

Further reading

• Brzezinski A (Jan 1997). "Melatonin in humans". The New England Journal of Medicine. 336 (3): 186–95. doi:10.1056/NEJM199701163360306. PMID 8988899.
• Khan AU, Olson DL (Aug 1975). "Physical therapy and exercise-induced bronchospasm". Physical Therapy. 55 (8): 878–81. doi:10.1093/ptj/55.8.878. PMID 1144527.
• Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T (Nov 1994). "Cloning and characterization of a mammalian melatonin receptor that mediates reproductive and circadian responses". Neuron. 13 (5): 1177–85. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(94)90055-8. PMID 7946354. S2CID 19805481.
• Witt-Enderby PA, Dubocovich ML (Jul 1996). "Characterization and regulation of the human ML1A melatonin receptor stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells". Molecular Pharmacology. 50 (1): 166–74. PMID 8700109.
• Witt-Enderby PA, Masana MI, Dubocovich ML (Jul 1998). "Physiological exposure to melatonin supersensitizes the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent signal transduction cascade in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the human mt1 melatonin receptor". Endocrinology. 139 (7): 3064–71. doi:10.1210/endo.139.7.6102. PMID 9645677.
• Ebisawa T, Kajimura N, Uchiyama M, Katoh M, Sekimoto M, Watanabe T, Ozeki Y, Ikeda M, Jodoi T, Sugishita M, Iwase T, Kamei Y, Kim K, Shibui K, Kudo Y, Yamada N, Toyoshima R, Okawa M, Takahashi K, Yamauchi T (Sep 1999). "Alleic variants of human melatonin 1a receptor: function and prevalence in subjects with circadian rhythm sleep disorders". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 262 (3): 832–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1308. PMID 10471411.
• Brydon L, Roka F, Petit L, de Coppet P, Tissot M, Barrett P, Morgan PJ, Nanoff C, Strosberg AD, Jockers R (Dec 1999). "Dual signaling of human Mel1a melatonin receptors via G(i2), G(i3), and G(q/11) proteins". Molecular Endocrinology. 13 (12): 2025–38. doi:10.1210/me.13.12.2025. PMID 10598579.
• Niles LP, Wang J, Shen L, Lobb DK, Younglai EV (Oct 1999). "Melatonin receptor mRNA expression in human granulosa cells". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 156 (1–2): 107–10. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(99)00135-5. PMID 10612428. S2CID 42730113.
• Song CK, Bartness TJ (Aug 2001). "CNS sympathetic outflow neurons to white fat that express MEL receptors may mediate seasonal adiposity". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 281 (2): R666–72. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.2.R666. PMID 11448873. S2CID 15384503.
• Roy D, Angelini NL, Fujieda H, Brown GM, Belsham DD (Nov 2001). "Cyclical regulation of GnRH gene expression in GT1-7 GnRH-secreting neurons by melatonin". Endocrinology. 142 (11): 4711–20. doi:10.1210/en.142.11.4711. PMID 11606436.
• Savaskan E, Olivieri G, Meier F, Brydon L, Jockers R, Ravid R, Wirz-Justice A, Müller-Spahn F (Jan 2002). "Increased melatonin 1a-receptor immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease patients". Journal of Pineal Research. 32 (1): 59–62. doi:10.1034/j.1600-079x.2002.00841.x. PMID 11841602. S2CID 37172611.
• Savaskan E, Wirz-Justice A, Olivieri G, Pache M, Kräuchi K, Brydon L, Jockers R, Müller-Spahn F, Meyer P (Apr 2002). "Distribution of melatonin MT1 receptor immunoreactivity in human retina". The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 50 (4): 519–26. doi:10.1177/002215540205000408. PMID 11897804.
• Ayoub MA, Couturier C, Lucas-Meunier E, Angers S, Fossier P, Bouvier M, Jockers R (Jun 2002). "Monitoring of ligand-independent dimerization and ligand-induced conformational changes of melatonin receptors in living cells by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (24): 21522–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200729200. PMID 11940583.
• Yuan L, Collins AR, Dai J, Dubocovich ML, Hill SM (Jun 2002). "MT(1) melatonin receptor overexpression enhances the growth suppressive effect of melatonin in human breast cancer cells". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 192 (1–2): 147–56. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00029-1. PMID 12088876. S2CID 54393974.
• Slominski A, Pisarchik A, Zbytek B, Tobin DJ, Kauser S, Wortsman J (Jul 2003). "Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin". Journal of Cellular Physiology. 196 (1): 144–53. doi:10.1002/jcp.10287. PMID 12767050. S2CID 24534729.
• Morcuende JA, Minhas R, Dolan L, Stevens J, Beck J, Wang K, Weinstein SL, Sheffield V (Sep 2003). "Allelic variants of human melatonin 1A receptor in patients with familial adolescent idiopathic scoliosis". Spine. 28 (17): 2025–8, discussion 2029. doi:10.1097/01.BRS.0000083235.74593.49. PMID 12973153. S2CID 22201689.
• Aust S, Thalhammer T, Humpeler S, Jäger W, Klimpfinger M, Tucek G, Obrist P, Marktl W, Penner E, Ekmekcioglu C (Jan 2004). "The melatonin receptor subtype MT1 is expressed in human gallbladder epithelia". Journal of Pineal Research. 36 (1): 43–8. doi:10.1046/j.1600-079X.2003.00095.x. PMID 14675129. S2CID 25934742.

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