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Homotaurine

Names
IUPAC name 3-Aminopropane-1-sulfonic acid
Other names Tramiprosate; Alzhemed; 3-APS
Identifiers
CAS Number	3687-18-1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL149082
ChemSpider	1584
ECHA InfoCard	100.020.889
KEGG	D06202
PubChem CID	1646
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80190352
InChI InChI=1S/C3H9NO3S/c4-2-1-3-8(5,6)7/h1-4H2,(H,5,6,7)Key: SNKZJIOFVMKAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C3H9NO3S/c4-2-1-3-8(5,6)7/h1-4H2,(H,5,6,7)Key: SNKZJIOFVMKAOJ-UHFFFAOYAT
SMILES O=S(=O)(O)CCCN
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H9NO3S
Molar mass	139.17 g·mol
Melting point	293 °C (559 °F; 566 K) (decomposition)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Y verify (what is  ?) Infobox references

Homotaurine (3-amino-1-propanesulfonic acid (3-APS) or tramiprosate (INN)) is a synthetic organic compound. It is analogous to taurine, but with an extra carbon in its chain. Because of its similarity in structure to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), it has GABAergic effects and may be useful as an anticonvulsant.

Homotaurine has also been investigated as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. It binds to soluble amyloid beta and inhibits the formation of neurotoxic aggregates that lead to amyloid plaque deposition in the brain. However, clinical trials failed to show improvement compared to placebo.

Homotaurine is a zwitterion at neutral pH.

It is a GABAb receptor antagonist and suppress alcohol intake and preference in rats similar to acamprosate (Acetylated homotaurine analogue)

See also

• Acamprosate

References

1. Homotaurine at Sigma-Aldrich
2. Fariello RG, Golden GT, Pisa M; Golden; Pisa (1982). "Homotaurine (3 aminopropanesulfonic acid; 3APS) protects from the convulsant and cytotoxic effect of systemically administered kainic acid". Neurology. 32 (3): 241–5. doi:10.1212/wnl.32.3.241. PMID 7199633.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
3. Gauthier, S; Aisen, P. S.; Ferris, S. H.; Saumier, D; Duong, A; Haine, D; Garceau, D; Suhy, J; Oh, J; Lau, W; Sampalis, J (2009). "Effect of tramiprosate in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: Exploratory analyses of the MRI sub-group of the Alphase study". The journal of nutrition, health & aging. 13 (6): 550–7. PMID 19536424.
4. Aisen PS, Gauthier S, Vellas B (2007). "Alzhemed: a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease". Curr Alzheimer Res. 4 (4): 473–8. doi:10.2174/156720507781788882. PMID 17908052. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
5. "Tramiprosate Falls Short in Phase III Alzheimer's Trial". Clinical Psychiatry News. November 1, 2007.
6. "Drugs In Clinical Trials : Alzhemed". Alzheimer Research Forum. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
7. "Analysts Skeptical Of Neurochem's Efforts To Salvage Value From Alzhemed". Canada National Post. November 13, 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
8. Giotti A, Luzzi S, Spagnesi S, Zilletti L.; Golden; Pisa. "Homotaurine: a GABAB antagonist in guinea-pig ileum". doi:10.1212/wnl.32.3.241. PMID 6652358. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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