Coriamyrtin - Misplaced Pages

Convulsant toxin

Coriamyrtin
Names

IUPAC name (1S,2R,3S,5R,6R,7R,9S,12R)-2-Hydroxy-7-methyl-12-prop-1-en-2-ylspirododecane-6,2'-oxirane]-11-one
Other names Coriamyrtine
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
PubChem CID	442189
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50948589
InChI InChI=1S/C15H18O5/c1-6(2)8-7-4-13(3)14(5-18-14)10-11(20-10)15(13,17)9(8)12(16)19-7/h7-11,17H,1,4-5H2,2-3H3/t7-,8+,9+,10+,11-,13-,14+,15-/m0/s1Key: BWWDLKVKPVKBGJ-TWMZOSGRSA-N
SMILES CC(=C)C1C2CC3(C4(CO4)C5C(C3(C1C(=O)O2)O)O5)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C₁₅H₁₈O₅
Molar mass	278.304 g·mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references

Chemical compound

Coriamyrtin is a toxic γ-lactone naturally present in a multitude of plants.

Natural occurrence

Coriamyrtin can be found in Scurrula parasitica, Coriaria microphylla, and certain other plants.

Toxicity

Coriamyrtin is a convulsant. It appears to act via antagonism of GABA_A receptors. Poisoning is usually from ingestion of parts of the plants containing it. A case of poisoning was able to be treated with repeated administration of diazepam, an anticonvulsant.

References

"Coriamyrtin".
PubChem. "Scurrula parasitica". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-11.
PubChem. "Coriaria microphylla". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-11.
"T3DB: Coriamyrtin". www.t3db.ca. Retrieved 2024-02-11.
Pérez, Claudia; Becerra, José; Manríquez-Navarro, Paula; Aguayo, Luis Gerardo; Fuentealba, Jorge; Guzmán, José Leonardo; Joseph-Nathan, Pedro; Jiménez, Verónica; Muñoz, Marcelo Andrés; Silva, Mario (2011). "Inhibitory activities on mammalian central nervous system receptors and computational studies of three sesquiterpene lactones from Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. ruscifolia". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 59 (2): 161–165. doi:10.1248/cpb.59.161. ISSN 1347-5223. PMID 21297293.
de Haro, Luc; Pommier, Philip; Tichadou, Lucia; Hayek-Lanthois, Maryvonne; Arditti, Jocelyne (November 2005). "Poisoning by Coriaria myrtifolia Linnaeus: a new case report and review of the literature". Toxicon. 46 (6): 600–603. Bibcode:2005Txcn...46..600D. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.06.026. ISSN 0041-0101. PMID 16165183.

GABA receptor modulators

Ionotropic

GABA_ATooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptor

Agonists: (+)-Catechin
Bamaluzole
Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
Beta-Alanine
BL-1020
DAVA
Dihydromuscimol
GABA
Gabamide
GABOB
Gaboxadol (THIP)
Homotaurine (tramiprosate, 3-APS)
Ibotenic acid
iso-THAZ
iso-THIP
Isoguvacine
Isomuscimol
Isonipecotic acid
Kojic amine
L-838,417
Lignans (e.g., honokiol)
Methylglyoxal
Monastrol
Muscimol
Nefiracetam
Neuroactive steroids (e.g., allopregnanolone)
Org 20599
PF-6372865
Phenibut
Picamilon
P4S
Progabide
Propofol
Quisqualamine
SL-75102
Taurine
TACA
TAMP
Terpenoids (e.g., borneol)
Thiomuscimol
Tolgabide
ZAPA

Positive modulators (abridged; see here for a full list): α-EMTBL
Alcohols (e.g., drinking alcohol, 2M2B)
Anabolic steroids
Avermectins (e.g., ivermectin)
Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
Benzodiazepines (e.g., diazepam)
Bromide compounds (e.g., potassium bromide)
Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate)
Carbamazepine
Chloralose
Chlormezanone
Clomethiazole
Dihydroergolines (e.g., ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine))
Etazepine
Etifoxine
Fenamates (e.g., mefenamic acid)
Flavonoids (e.g., apigenin, hispidulin)
Fluoxetine
Flupirtine
Imidazoles (e.g., etomidate)
Kava constituents (e.g., kavain)
Lanthanum
Loreclezole
Monastrol
Neuroactive steroids (e.g., allopregnanolone, cholesterol, THDOC)
Niacin
Niacinamide
Nonbenzodiazepines (e.g., β-carbolines (e.g., abecarnil), cyclopyrrolones (e.g., zopiclone), imidazopyridines (e.g., zolpidem), pyrazolopyrimidines (e.g., zaleplon))
Norfluoxetine
Petrichloral
Phenols (e.g., propofol)
Phenytoin
Piperidinediones (e.g., glutethimide)
Propanidid
Pyrazolopyridines (e.g., etazolate)
Quinazolinones (e.g., methaqualone)
Retigabine (ezogabine)
ROD-188
Skullcap constituents (e.g., baicalin)
Stiripentol
Sulfonylalkanes (e.g., sulfonmethane (sulfonal))
Topiramate
Valerian constituents (e.g., valerenic acid)
Volatiles/gases (e.g., chloral hydrate, chloroform, diethyl ether, paraldehyde, sevoflurane)

Negative modulators: 1,3M1B
3M2B
11-Ketoprogesterone
17-Phenylandrostenol
α3IA
α5IA (LS-193,268)
β-CCB
β-CCE
β-CCM
β-CCP
β-EMGBL
Anabolic steroids
Amiloride
Anisatin
β-Lactams (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems)
Basmisanil
Bemegride
Bicyclic phosphates (TBPS, TBPO, IPTBO)
BIDN
Bilobalide
Bupropion
CHEB
Chlorophenylsilatrane
Cicutoxin
Cloflubicyne
Cyclothiazide
DHEA
DHEA-S
Dieldrin
(+)-DMBB
DMCM
DMPC
EBOB
Etbicyphat
FG-7142 (ZK-31906)
Fiproles (e.g., fipronil)
Flavonoids (e.g., amentoflavone, oroxylin A)
Flumazenil
Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin)
Flurothyl
Furosemide
Golexanolone
Iomazenil (I)
IPTBO
Isopregnanolone (sepranolone)
L-655,708
Laudanosine
Lindane
MaxiPost
Morphine
Morphine-3-glucuronide
MRK-016
Naloxone
Naltrexone
Nicardipine
Nonsteroidal antiandrogens (e.g., apalutamide, bicalutamide, enzalutamide, flutamide, nilutamide)
Oenanthotoxin
Pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)
Phenylsilatrane
Picrotoxin (i.e., picrotin, picrotoxinin and dihydropicrotoxinin)
Pregnenolone sulfate
Propybicyphat
PWZ-029
Radequinil
Ro 15-4513
Ro 19-4603
RO4882224
RO4938581
Sarmazenil
SCS
Suritozole
TB-21007
TBOB
TBPS
TCS-1105
Terbequinil
TETS
Thujone
U-93631
Zinc
ZK-93426

GABA_A-ρTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid A-rho receptor

Negative modulators: 5α-Dihydroprogesterone
Bilobalide
Loreclezole
Picrotoxin (picrotin, picrotoxinin)
Pregnanolone
ROD-188
THDOC
Zinc

Metabotropic

GABA_BTooltip γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptor

Negative modulators: Compound 14

See also: Receptor/signaling modulators; GABA_A receptor positive modulators; GABA metabolism/transport modulators

v t e Convulsants
GABA receptor antagonists	Bicuculline Bicyclic phosphates (TBPS, TBPO, IPTBO) BIDN Chlorophenylsilatrane Cicutoxin Cloflubicyne Coriamyrtin Dihydropicrotoxinin DMCM EBOB Endosulfan FG-7142 Fipronil Flurothyl Gabazine Oenanthotoxin Pentylenetetrazol Phenylsilatrane Picrotoxin p-CN-TBOB p-NCS-TBOB RDX TBOB Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Thujone Trimethylolpropane phosphite Tutin
GABA synthesis inhibitors	3-Mercaptopropionic acid 4-Deoxypyridoxine Allylglycine Crimidine Decaborane Ginkgotoxin Isoniazid Pentaborane Thiocarbohydrazide Toxopyrimidine
Glycine receptor antagonists	Coriamyrtin Dendrobine Picrotoxin Strychnine Tutin
Glutamate receptor agonists	AMPA Domoic acid Kainic acid NMDA Quisqualic acid Tetrazolylglycine
Convulsant barbiturates	CHEB Diberal (DMBB) McN-481
Other	2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropyl trifluoromethyl ether Bromocamphor Camphor FAZ-4 Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate MC-2973 Methionine sulfoximine Methyl fluoroacetate Nitrocyclohexane Thebaine

v t e Neurotoxins
Animal toxins	Batrachotoxin Bestoxin Birtoxin Bungarotoxin Charybdotoxin Conotoxin Fasciculin Huwentoxin Poneratoxin Saxitoxin Tetrodotoxin Vanillotoxin Spooky toxin (SsTx) Epibatidine Zetekitoxin AB Dendrotoxin
Bacterial	Botulinum toxin Tetanospasmin
Cyanotoxins	Anatoxin-a Guanitoxin BMAA Saxitoxin
Plant toxins	Aconitine Bicuculline Penitrem A Picrotoxin Strychnine Tutin Rotenone Ginkgotoxin Cicutoxin Oenanthotoxin Thujone Volkensin Veratridine
Mycotoxins	Ibotenic acid Muscarine Muscimol
Pesticides	Fenpropathrin Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Bromethalin Crimidine Methamidophos Endosulfan Fipronil Phenylsilatrane Chlorophenylsilatrane Sulfuryl fluoride Mipafox Schradan Dimefox
Nerve agents	Cyclosarin EA-3148 Novichok agent Sarin Soman Tabun VE VG VM VP VR VX GV EA-3990 EA-4056 T-1123 Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide) Fluorotabun Chinese VX EA-2192
Bicyclic phosphates	TBPS TBPO IPTBO
Cholinergic neurotoxins	Acetylcholine mustard Catecholine Choline mustard Ethylcholine mustard Hemicholinium mustard
Psychoactive drugs	Alcohol Nitrous oxide
Other	Dimethylcadmium Dimethylmercury Toxopyrimidine IDPN Tetraethyllead

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