Misplaced Pages

Chlorine nitrate

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Chlorine nitrate
Ball and stick model of chlorine nitrate
Ball and stick model of chlorine nitrate
Spacefill model of chlorine nitrate
Spacefill model of chlorine nitrate
Stick model of chlorine nitrate
Resonance stick models of chlorine nitrate
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Chlorine nitrate
Systematic IUPAC name Chloro nitrate
Other names Nitryl hypochlorite
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/ClNO3/c1-5-2(3)4Key: XYLGPCWDPLOBGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
  • ClON(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula ClNO3
Molar mass 97.46 g/mol
Density 1.65 g/cm
Melting point −101 °C (−150 °F; 172 K)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: Toxic
Signal word Danger
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
3 0 2OX
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references
Chemical compound

Chlorine nitrate, with chemical formula ClONO2 is an important atmospheric gas present in the stratosphere. It is an important sink of reactive chlorine and nitrogen, and thus its formation and destruction play an important role in the depletion of ozone.

Chemical properties

It explosively reacts with metals, metal chlorides, alcohols, ethers, and most organic materials. When it is heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of Cl2 and NOx.

Synthesis and reactions

It can be produced by the reaction of dichlorine monoxide and dinitrogen pentoxide at 0 °C:

Cl2O + N2O5 → 2 ClONO2

or by the reaction:

ClF + HNO3 → HF + ClONO2

It can also react with alkenes:

(CH3)2C=CH2 + ClONO2 → O2NOC(CH3)2CH2Cl

Chlorine nitrate reacts with metal chlorides:

4 ClONO2 + TiCl4 → Ti(NO3)4 + 4 Cl2

References

  1. Obermeyer, Axel; Borrmann, Horst; Simon, Arndt (August 1995). "Crystal Structures and Bonding in NOCl, NO2Cl, and NO3Cl". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 117 (30): 7887–7890. Bibcode:1995JAChS.117.7887O. doi:10.1021/ja00135a006.
  2. von Clarmann, Thomas; Johansson, Sören (2018). "Chlorine nitrate in the atmosphere". Atmos. Chem. Phys. 18 (20): 15363–15386. Bibcode:2018ACP....1815363V. doi:10.5194/acp-18-15363-2018.
  3. Schmeisser, M.; Ruff, J. K. & Lustig, M. Chlorine(1) Nitrate Inorganic Syntheses, Wiley-Blackwell, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470132401.ch34, 1967, 127-130
  4. Schack, Carl J. (1967-10-01). "New synthesis of chlorine nitrate". Inorganic Chemistry. 6 (10): 1938–1939. doi:10.1021/ic50056a047. ISSN 0020-1669.
  5. 张青莲 (1991). 《无机化学丛书》第六卷：卤素、铜分族、锌分族. 北京: 科学出版社. pp. P338-341. ISBN 7-03-002238-6.
Chlorine compounds
Chlorides and acids
Chlorine fluorides
Chlorine oxides
Chlorine oxyfluorides
Chlorine(I) derivatives
Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitrate ion
HNO3 He
LiNO3 Be(NO3)2 B(NO3)−4 RONO2
+CO3
+C2O4 		NO3
NH4NO3 		HOONO2 FNO3
+F 		Ne
NaNO3 Mg(NO3)2 Al(NO3)3
Al(NO3)−4 		Si P +SO4 ClONO2
+Cl 		Ar
KNO3 Ca(NO3)2 Sc(NO3)3 Ti(NO3)4 VO(NO3)3 Cr(NO3)3 Mn(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)3 		Co(NO3)2
Co(NO3)3 		Ni(NO3)2 CuNO3
Cu(NO3)2 		Zn(NO3)2 Ga(NO3)3 Ge As +SeO3 BrNO3
+Br 		Kr
RbNO3 Sr(NO3)2 Y(NO3)3 Zr(NO3)4 NbO(NO3)3 MoO2(NO3)2 Tc Ru Rh(NO3)3 Pd(NO3)2 AgNO3 Cd(NO3)2 In(NO3)3 Sn(NO3)4 Sb4O4(OH)2(NO3)2 Te INO3
+IO3 		Xe(NO3)2
CsNO3 Ba(NO3)2 * Lu(NO3)3 Hf(NO3)4 TaO(NO3)3 WO2(NO3)2 ReO3NO3 Os Ir3O(NO3)10 Pt Au(NO3)−4 Hg2(NO3)2
Hg(NO3)2 		TlNO3
Tl(NO3)3 		Pb(NO3)2 Bi(NO3)3
BiO(NO3) 		Po(NO3)4 At Rn
FrNO3 Ra(NO3)2 ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* La(NO3)3 Ce(NO3)3
Ce(NO3)4 		Pr(NO3)3 Nd(NO3)3 Pm(NO3)3 Sm(NO3)3 Eu(NO3)3 Gd(NO3)3 Tb(NO3)3 Dy(NO3)3 Ho(NO3)3 Er(NO3)3 Tm(NO3)3 Yb(NO3)3
** Ac(NO3)3 Th(NO3)4 PaO(NO3)3 UO2(NO3)2 Np(NO3)4 Pu(NO3)4 Am(NO3)3 Cm(NO3)3 Bk(NO3)3 Cf(NO3)3 Es Fm Md No
Salts and covalent derivatives of the hypochlorite ion
HOCl He
LiOCl Be B C ClONO2 O F Ne
NaOCl Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
KOCl Ca(OCl)2 Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd AgOCl Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba(ClO)2 * Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
** Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
Categories: