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{{Chembox | {{Chembox | ||
| Watchedfields = changed | |||
| verifiedrevid = |
| verifiedrevid = 443164898 | ||
| Reference = <ref name="CRC">{{RubberBible87th|pages=451, 514}}.</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=97–100}}.</ref> | | Reference = <ref name="CRC">{{RubberBible87th|pages=451, 514}}.</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw1st|pages=97–100}}.</ref> | ||
| Name = Caesium oxide | | Name = Caesium oxide | ||
| ImageFile = Caesium-oxide-xtal-3D- |
| ImageFile = Caesium-oxide-xtal-3D-SF.png | ||
| ImageCaption = {{legend|rgb(96,0,128)|Caesium cations, {{chem2|Cs+}}}}{{legend|red|Oxide anions, {{chem2|O(2−)}}}} | |||
| ImageSize = 200px | |||
| |
| ImageName = Caesium oxide | ||
| IUPACName = Caesium oxide | | IUPACName = Caesium oxide | ||
| |
| OtherNames = Cesium oxide (]) | ||
| |
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| |
| InChI = 1/2Cs.O/q2*+1;-2 | ||
| |
| SMILES = .. | ||
| InChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYAW | | InChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYAW | ||
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | ||
Line 17: | Line 18: | ||
| StdInChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N | | StdInChIKey = KOPBYBDAPCDYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N | ||
| CASNo = 20281-00-9 | | CASNo = 20281-00-9 | ||
| |
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | ||
| |
| EC_number = 243-679-0 | ||
| |
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ||
| ChemSpiderID = 8079519 | | ChemSpiderID = 8079519 | ||
| |
| RTECS = | ||
| |
| PubChem = 9903865 | ||
}} | }} | ||
| |
|Section2={{Chembox Properties | ||
| Cs=2|O=1 | |||
| Formula = Cs<sub>2</sub>O | |||
| Appearance = Yellow-orange solid | |||
| MolarMass = 281.81 g/mol | |||
| |
| Density = 4.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | ||
⚫ | | Solubility = Reacts to form ] | ||
| Density = 4.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid | |||
| |
| MeltingPtC = 490 | ||
| |
| MeltingPt_notes = (under ]) | ||
| |
| BoilingPt = | ||
⚫ | | MagSus = 1534.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol | ||
}} | |||
| |
|Section3={{Chembox Structure | ||
| |
| Coordination = | ||
| |
| CrystalStruct = ] (]) | ||
}} | |||
| |
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry | ||
| |
| DeltaHf = −345.8 kJ/mol | ||
⚫ | | |
||
| Entropy = 146.9 J/(K·mol) | |||
| HeatCapacity = 76.0 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup> | |||
| HeatCapacity = 76.0 J/(K·mol) | |||
}} | |||
| |
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards | ||
| EUIndex = not listed | |||
| MainHazards = Corrosive and Superbase | |||
⚫ | | |
||
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS08}} | |||
⚫ | |||
| NFPA-H = 3 | |||
⚫ | | |
||
| NFPA-F = 0 | |||
⚫ | | |
||
| NFPA-R = 2 | |||
⚫ | | |
||
| NFPA-S = W | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | | FlashPt = non-flammable | ||
⚫ | }} | ||
⚫ | |Section8={{Chembox Related | ||
| OtherAnions = {{ubl|]|]|]|]}} | |||
⚫ | | OtherCations = {{ubl|]|]|]|]}} | ||
| OtherFunction = {{ubl|]|]|]|]|]}} | |||
| OtherFunction_label = ] ]s | |||
| OtherCompounds = ] | |||
⚫ | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Caesium |
'''Caesium monoxide''' or '''caesium oxide''' is a ] with the ] {{chem2|Cs2O|auto=1}}. It is the simplest and most common ] of the ]. It forms yellow-orange ] crystals.<ref name="CRC"/> | ||
==Uses== | ==Uses== | ||
Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = |
Caesium oxide is used in ]s to detect ] signals in devices such as ]s, vacuum ]s, ]s, and ] tubes<ref name="inf">{{Citation | last1 = Capper | first1 = Peter | last2 = Elliott | first2 = C. T. | year = 2000 | title = Infrared Detectors and Emitters | publisher = Springer | isbn = 978-0-7923-7206-6 | page = 14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HtgEcjQcgkkC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA14}}</ref> | ||
L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in |
L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–1930 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of ].<ref name="mul">{{Citation | last1 = Busch | first1 = Kenneth W. | last2 = Busch | first2 =Marianna A. | year = 1990 | title = Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis | publisher = Wiley-Interscience | isbn = 978-0-471-81974-5 | page = 12 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9H0W1J-Rku4C&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA12}}</ref> It is a good ] emitter; however, its high ] limits its usefulness.<ref name="ins">{{Citation | editor-first = Punit | editor-last = Boolchand | year = 2000 | title = Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses | publisher = World Scientific | isbn = 978-981-02-3673-1 | page = 855 | bibcode = 2000isg..book.....B | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QK2f4eVh7qgC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA855}}</ref> | ||
==Reactions== | ==Reactions== | ||
Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond"> | Elemental ] ] caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming ] as a side-product:<ref name="cond"> | ||
{{Citation | editor-last= Turner |
{{Citation | editor-last= Turner Jr. | editor-first= Francis M. | year = 1920 | title = The Condensed Chemical Dictionary | publication-place = New York | publisher = Chemical Catalog Co. | page = 121 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=y8y0XE0nsYEC&q=%22cesium+oxide%22+OR+%22caesium+oxide%22&pg=PA121}}</ref><ref name="sblock"> | ||
{{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = |
{{Citation | last = Arora | first = M.G. | year = 1997 | title = S-Block Elements | publication-place = New Delhi | publisher = Anmol Publications | isbn = 978-81-7488-562-3 | page = 13 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QR3TCaKaykEC&q=%22Bromine+dioxide%22&pg=PA256}}</ref> | ||
: |
:{{chem2|Cs2O + Mg → 2 Cs + MgO}} | ||
{{chem2|Cs2O}} is ], forming the corrosive ] on contact with water. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
⚫ | {{Caesium compounds}} | ||
{{Oxides}} | |||
] | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
{{inorganic-compound-stub}} | |||
⚫ | {{Caesium compounds}} | ||
] | |||
] | |||
] | |||
] | |||
] | |||
] | |||
] |
Latest revision as of 14:41, 14 November 2024
Caesium cations, Cs Oxide anions, O | |
Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name Caesium oxide | |
Other names Cesium oxide (US) | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.039.693 |
EC Number |
|
PubChem CID | |
InChI
| |
SMILES
| |
Properties | |
Chemical formula | Cs2O |
Molar mass | 281.810 g·mol |
Appearance | Yellow-orange solid |
Density | 4.65 g/cm, solid |
Melting point | 490 °C (914 °F; 763 K) (under N2) |
Solubility in water | Reacts to form CsOH |
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | 1534.0·10 cm/mol |
Structure | |
Crystal structure | anti-CdCl2 (hexagonal) |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) | 76.0 J/(K·mol) |
Std molar entropy (S298) |
146.9 J/(K·mol) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH298) |
−345.8 kJ/mol |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Corrosive and Superbase |
GHS labelling: | |
Pictograms | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 3 0 2W |
Flash point | non-flammable |
Related compounds | |
Other anions | |
Other cations | |
Related caesium oxides | |
Related compounds | Caesium hydroxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Y verify (what is ?) Infobox references |
Caesium monoxide or caesium oxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula Cs2O. It is the simplest and most common oxide of the caesium. It forms yellow-orange hexagonal crystals.
Uses
Caesium oxide is used in photocathodes to detect infrared signals in devices such as image intensifiers, vacuum photodiodes, photomultipliers, and TV camera tubes L. R. Koller described the first modern photoemissive surface in 1929–1930 as a layer of caesium on a layer of caesium oxide on a layer of silver. It is a good electron emitter; however, its high vapor pressure limits its usefulness.
Reactions
Elemental magnesium reduces caesium oxide to elemental caesium, forming magnesium oxide as a side-product:
- Cs2O + Mg → 2 Cs + MgO
Cs2O is hygroscopic, forming the corrosive CsOH on contact with water.
References
- ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 451, 514. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3..
- Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. Oxford: Pergamon Press. pp. 97–100. ISBN 978-0-08-022057-4..
- Capper, Peter; Elliott, C. T. (2000), Infrared Detectors and Emitters, Springer, p. 14, ISBN 978-0-7923-7206-6
- Busch, Kenneth W.; Busch, Marianna A. (1990), Multielement Detection Systems for Spectrochemical Analysis, Wiley-Interscience, p. 12, ISBN 978-0-471-81974-5
- Boolchand, Punit, ed. (2000), Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses, World Scientific, p. 855, Bibcode:2000isg..book.....B, ISBN 978-981-02-3673-1
- Turner Jr., Francis M., ed. (1920), The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, New York: Chemical Catalog Co., p. 121
- Arora, M.G. (1997), S-Block Elements, New Delhi: Anmol Publications, p. 13, ISBN 978-81-7488-562-3
Caesium compounds | |
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