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Cadmium phosphide

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Chemical compound of cadmium and phosphorus
Cadmium phosphide
Names
Other names Tricadmium diphosphide
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.437 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 234-595-5
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/3Cd. 2P/q3*+2;2*-3Key: BYWFNUBYQJKAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
  • ....
Properties
Chemical formula Cd3P2
Molar mass 399.178 g/mol
Appearance bluish white or gray
Density 5.96 g/cm
Melting point 700 °C (1,292 °F; 973 K)
Electron mobility 1500 cm/Vs
Refractive index (nD) 3.88
Structure
Crystal structure Tetragonal
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS07: Exclamation markGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Signal word Warning
Hazard statements H302, H312, H314, H332, H350, H370, H410
Precautionary statements P201, P202, P210, P233, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P330, P362+P364, P391, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references
Chemical compound

Cadmium phosphide (Cd3P2) is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a grey or white bluish solid semiconductor material with a bandgap of 0.5 eV. It has applications as a pesticide, material for laser diodes and for high-power-high-frequency electronics.

Synthesis and reactions

Cadmium phosphide can be prepared by the reaction of cadmium with phosphorus:

6 Cd + P4 → 2 Cd3P2

Structure

Cd3P2 has a room-temperature tetragonal form.

The crystalline structure of cadmium phosphide is very similar to that of zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2) and zinc arsenide (Zn3As2). These compounds of the Zn-Cd-P-As quaternary system exhibit full continuous solid-solution.

Applications

Over the last decade, interest in cadmium phosphide as a source for fast, near-IR emission has grown due to the development of cadmium phosphide quantum dots. Literature has demonstrated that these quantum dots possess tunable emission between 700 nm to 1500 nm. A recent paper investigated the effect of surface passivation on these quantum dots and showed that cadmium phosphide quantum dots may have an intrinsic band-edge relaxation time less than 100 ns.

Safety

Like other metal phosphides, it is acutely toxic when swallowed due to the formation of phosphine gas when it reacts with gastric acid. It is also carcinogen and dangerous for the skin, eyes and other organs in a large part due to cadmium poisoning.

References

  1. ^ "Cadmium Phosphide (Cd3P2) Semiconductors". azom.com. 2013-08-19. Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  2. Ramsay, William (1891). A System of Inorganic Chemistry. J. & A. Churchill. p. 551.
  3. Trukhan, V. M.; Izotov, A. D.; Shoukavaya, T. V. (2014). "Compounds and solid solutions of the Zn-Cd-P-As system in semiconductor electronics". Inorganic Materials. 50 (9): 868–873. doi:10.1134/S0020168514090143. S2CID 94409384.
  4. Miao, S.; Hickey, S. G.; Rellinghaus, B.; Waurisch, C.; Eychmuller, A. (2010). "Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Phosphide Quantum Dots Emitting in the Visible Red to Near-Infrared". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (16): 5613–5615. doi:10.1021/ja9105732. PMID 20361738.
  5. Xie, R.; Zhang, J.; Yang, W.; Peng, X. (2010). "Synthesis of Monodisperse, Highly Emissive, and Size-Tunable Cd3P2 Nanocrystals". Chemistry of Materials. 22 (13): 3820–3822. doi:10.1021/cm1008653.
  6. Smith, L.; Harbison, K. E.; Diroll, B. T.; Fedin, I. (2023). "Acceleration of Near-IR Emission through Efficient Surface Passivation in Cd3P2 Quantum Dots". Materials. 16 (19): 6346. doi:10.3390/ma16196346. PMC 10573561. PMID 37834483.
Cadmium compounds
Cadmium(I)
Cadmium(II)
Phosphides
Binary phosphides
PH3 He
Li3P Be BP CP
+C
N +O F Ne
Na3P Mg3P2 AlP +Si
-SiP
P S +Cl Ar
K3P Ca3P2
CaP
ScP TiP V CrP
Cr3P
Mn FeP CoP
Co2P
Co3P2
NixPy Cu3P Zn3P2
ZnP2
GaP -GeP AsP Se +Br Kr
Rb Sr3P2 YP ZrP
ZrP2
NbP Mo3P
MoP
MoP2
Tc Ru2P Rh Pd Ag3P Cd3P2 InP SnP3 SbP +Te +I Xe
CsxPy Ba * LuP HfP Ta W Re OsP2 Ir PtP2 AuP Hg Tl PbP7 BiP Po At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
* LaP CeP PrP
PrP5
NdP Pm SmP
SmP5
EuP GdP TbP DyP HoP ErP TmP YbP
** AcP ThP7 Pa UP NpP PuP Am Cm BkP Cf Es Fm Md No
Ternary phosphides
Quaternary phosphides
Quinary phosphides
See also
Phosphorus compounds
Phosphides
Other compounds
Categories: