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Demecarium bromide

Clinical data
Trade names	Humorsol
Routes of administration	Topical (ophthalmic solution)
ATC code	S01EB04 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name Trimethyl-decyl]carbamoyl]oxyphenyl]ammonium dibromide
CAS Number	56-94-0
PubChem CID	5965
DrugBank	DB00944
ChemSpider	5750
UNII	61D5V4OKTP
KEGG	D00667
ChEBI	CHEBI:4391
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200514
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6045240
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.274
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C32H52Br2N4O4
Molar mass	716.600 g·mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES ..O=C(Oc1cccc(c1)(C)(C)C)N(CCCCCCCCCCN(C(=O)Oc2cccc(c2)(C)(C)C)C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C32H52N4O4.2BrH/c1-33(31(37)39-29-21-17-19-27(25-29)35(3,4)5)23-15-13-11-9-10-12-14-16-24-34(2)32(38)40-30-22-18-20-28(26-30)36(6,7)8;;/h17-22,25-26H,9-16,23-24H2,1-8H3;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2 Key:YHKBUDZECQDYBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L
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Demecarium bromide, trade name Humorsol, is a carbamate parasympathomimetic drug that acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and is used as a glaucoma medication. It is applied directly to the eye in order to reduce elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma.

Demecarium causes constriction of the pupil (miosis), which improves the drainage of the fluid in the eye (aqueous humour). As demecarium reversibly inhibits cholinesterase, it can be administered less frequently than other parasympathomimetic drugs, such as carbachol.

Commercially produced demecarium bromide solution, previously sold under the trade name Humorsol, is no longer available, although solutions of demecarium can be compounded.

Use in dogs

When administered with a topical corticosteroid, demecarium can delay the onset of primary glaucoma in dogs. High doses of demecarium may cause organophosphate toxicity, particularly if flea treatments containing organophosphates are administered at the same time.

See also

• Diisopropyl fluorophosphate

References

1. Jeske AH, ed. (2014). "Demecarium bromide". Mosby's dental drug reference (11th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby. p. 374. ISBN 978-0-323-16916-5.
2. Stein HA, Stein RM, Freeman M (2012). "Demecarium bromide (Humorsol)". Ophthalmic dictionary and vocabulary builder for eye care professionals (4th ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical. p. 103. ISBN 9789350253656.
3. ^ Maggs DJ, Miller PE, Ofri R (2013). "Indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agents". Slatter's Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology (5th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-4377-2367-0.
4. Edmunds MW, Mayhew MS (2013). Pharmacology for the primary care provider (4th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-323-08790-2.
5. Alario AF, Strong TD, Pizzirani S (November 2015). "Medical Treatment of Primary Canine Glaucoma". The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice. 45 (6): 1235–59, vi. doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.06.004. PMID 26319445.

• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
• Aromatic carbamates
• Biscarbamates
• Bisquaternary anticholinesterases
• Bromides
• Ophthalmology drugs
• Phenol esters
• Quaternary ammonium compounds
• Veterinary drugs