Misplaced Pages

Acetohexamide

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Chemical compound Not to be confused with acetazolamide. Pharmaceutical compound
Acetohexamide
Clinical data
Trade namesDymelor
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
MedlinePlusa602021
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding90%
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 1--3-cyclohexylurea 4-acetyl-N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)benzenesulfonamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.012.301 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC15H20N2O4S
Molar mass324.40 g·mol
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point188 to 190 °C (370 to 374 °F)
SMILES
  • O=C(NC1CCCCC1)NS(=O)(=O)c2ccc(C(=O)C)cc2
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C15H20N2O4S/c1-11(18)12-7-9-14(10-8-12)22(20,21)17-15(19)16-13-5-3-2-4-6-13/h7-10,13H,2-6H2,1H3,(H2,16,17,19)
  • Key:VGZSUPCWNCWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  (verify)

Acetohexamide (trade name Dymelor) is a first-generation sulfonylurea medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2, particularly in people whose diabetes cannot be controlled by diet alone.

Mechanism of action

Acetohexamide binds to an ATP-sensitive K (KATP) channel on the cell membrane of pancreatic beta cells. This inhibits the outflux of potassium, which causes the membrane potential to become more positive. This depolarization in turn opens voltage-gated calcium channels. The rise in intracellular calcium leads to increased fusion of insulin granulae with the cell membrane, and therefore increased secretion of insulin.

Risks

Sulfonylureas, especially first-generation sulfonylureas such as Acetohexamide, can cause severe hypoglycemia and increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.

References

  1. Montgomery DA (October 1964). "Current Therapeutics. CCII. Acetohexamide". The Practitioner. 193: 555–60. PMID 14216839.
  2. "Acetohexamide". DrugBank.
  3. "www.accessdata.fda.gov" (PDF).
  4. "Acetohexamide". Medline Plus. Archived from the original on 11 September 2005.


Oral diabetes medication, insulins and insulin analogs, and other drugs used in diabetes (A10)
Insulins / insulin analogs
fast-acting
short-acting
long-acting
ultra-long-acting
inhalable
  • Exubera
  • Afrezza
Non-insulins
Insulin sensitizers
Biguanides
TZDs/"glitazones" (PPAR)
Dual PPAR agonists
Amylin analogs and DACRAs
Secretagogues
KATP
Sulfonylureas
Meglitinides/"glinides"
GLP-1 receptor agonists
GLP1 poly-agonist peptides
DPP-4 inhibitors/"gliptins"
Other
Aldose reductase inhibitors
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
SGLT2 inhibitors/"gliflozins"
Other
Combinations
Ion channel modulators
Calcium
VDCCsTooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
Blockers
Activators
Potassium
VGKCsTooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
Blockers
Activators
IRKsTooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
KCaTooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
K2PsTooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
Sodium
VGSCsTooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
Blockers
Activators
ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel
Blockers
Activators
ASICsTooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
Blockers
Chloride
CaCCsTooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
Blockers
Activators
CFTRTooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Blockers
Activators
Unsorted
Blockers
Others
TRPsTooltip Transient receptor potential channels
LGICsTooltip Ligand gated ion channels
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Transient receptor potential channel modulators
Stub icon

This drug article relating to the gastrointestinal system is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories: