4-MeO-PCP: Difference between revisions

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			{{Short description\|Chemical compound}}
	{{Drugbox
			{{Infobox drug
⚫	\| verifiedrevid = ~~443354313~~
			\| Verifiedfields = changed
			\| Watchedfields = changed
		⚫	\| verifiedrevid = 451559315
	\| IUPAC_name = 1--piperidine		\| IUPAC_name = 1--piperidine
	\| image = 4-~~methoxyphencyclidine~~.~~png~~		\| image = 4-MeO-PCP.svg
	\| width = 200		\| width = 200

	<!--Clinical data-->		<!--Clinical data-->
	\| tradename =		\| tradename =
	\| legal_status = Not Currently Scheduled		\| legal_status = <!--Not Currently Scheduled country?-->
			\| legal_CA = Schedule I
			\| legal_UK = Class B
			\| legal_DE = NpSG

	<!--Identifiers-->		<!--Identifiers-->
			\| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite\|correct\|??}}
	\| CAS_number = 2201-35-6		\| CAS_number = 2201-35-6
	\| CAS_supplemental = <br /> 91164-58-8 (hydrochloride)		\| CAS_supplemental = <br /> 91164-58-8 (hydrochloride)
	\| ATC_prefix = none		\| ATC_prefix = none
	\| PubChem = ~~11778080~~		\| PubChem = 15100753
	\| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite\|correct\|drugbank}}		\| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite\|correct\|drugbank}}
	\| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite\|correct\|chemspider}}		\| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite\|correct\|chemspider}}
	\| ChemSpiderID = 10526416		\| ChemSpiderID = 10526416
			\| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite\|changed\|FDA}}
			\| UNII = OZM0C31BLL

	<!--Chemical data-->		<!--Chemical data-->
	\| C=18 \| H=27 \| N=1 \| O=1		\| C=18 \| H=27 \| N=1 \| O=1
			\| smiles = COc1ccc(cc1)C2(CCCCC2)N3CCCCC3
	\| molecular_weight = 273.412 g/mol
	\| smiles = COc3cccc(c3)C1(CCCCC1)N2CCCCC2
	\| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite\|correct\|chemspider}}		\| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite\|correct\|chemspider}}
	\| StdInChI = 1S/C18H27NO/c1-20-17-10-8-16(9-11-17)18(12-4-2-5-13-18)19-14-6-3-7-15-19/h8-11H,2-7,12-15H2,1H3		\| StdInChI = 1S/C18H27NO/c1-20-17-10-8-16(9-11-17)18(12-4-2-5-13-18)19-14-6-3-7-15-19/h8-11H,2-7,12-15H2,1H3
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	}}		}}

			'''4-Methoxyphencyclidine''' ('''methoxydine''', '''4-MeO-PCP''') is a ] ] drug that has been sold online as a ]. The synthesis of 4-MeO-PCP was first reported in 1965 by the ] medicinal chemist Victor Maddox.<ref name=Morris>{{cite journal \| vauthors = Morris H, Wallach J \| title = From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs \| journal = Drug Testing and Analysis \| volume = 6 \| issue = 7–8 \| pages = 614–632 \| year = 2014 \| pmid = 24678061 \| doi = 10.1002/dta.1620 }}</ref> A 1999 review published by a chemist using the pseudonym John Q. Beagle suggested the potency of 4-MeO-PCP in man was reduced relative to PCP, two years later Beagle published a detailed description of the synthesis and qualitative effects of 4-MeO-PCP, which he said possessed 70% the potency of PCP.<ref name="Morris"/> 4-MeO-PCP was the first ] research chemical to be sold online, it was introduced in late 2008 by a company trading under the name CBAY and was followed by several related compounds such as ] and ].<ref name="Morris"/><ref>{{cite conference \| vauthors = King LA \| title = New drugs coming our way - what are they and how do we detect them? \| conference = EMCDDA Conference \| location = Lisbon \| date = 6–8 May 2009 \| url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_78745_EN_4_King.pps }}</ref> 4-MeO-PCP has lower affinity for the ] than PCP, but higher affinity than ], it is orally active in a dosage range similar to ketamine, with some users requiring doses in excess of 100 mg for desired effects.<ref name="Morris"/><ref name=Roth>{{cite journal \| vauthors = Roth BL, Gibbons S, Arunotayanun W, Huang XP, Setola V, Treble R, Iversen L \| title = The ketamine analogue methoxetamine and 3- and 4-methoxy analogues of phencyclidine are high affinity and selective ligands for the glutamate NMDA receptor \| journal = PLOS ONE \| volume = 8 \| issue = 3 \| pages = e59334 \| year = 2013 \| pmid = 23527166 \| pmc = 3602154 \| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0059334 \| bibcode = 2013PLoSO...859334R \| doi-access = free }}</ref> Users have reported substantial differences in active dose, these discrepancies can be partially explained by the presence of unreacted PCC and other impurities in samples sold on the ].<ref name="Morris"/> 4-MeO-PCP has ] values of 404 nM for the ], 713 nM for the ], 844 nM for the ], 296 nM for the ] and 143 nM for the ].<ref name="Roth"/>
	'''4-Methoxyphencyclidine''' ('''methoxydine''', '''4-MeO-PCP''') is a ] ] drug with ]ic and ] effects. It is around the same potency as ], but has slightly different effects due to its altered binding profile at various targets, particularly being somewhat more potent as an ] while having around the same potency as a ].<ref name="pmid6214413">{{cite journal \|author=Vignon J, Vincent JP, Bidard JN, Kamenka JM, Geneste P, Monier S, Lazdunski M \|title=Biochemical properties of the brain phencyclidine receptor \|journal=European Journal of Pharmacology \|volume=81 \|issue=4 \|pages=531–42 \|year=1982 \|month=July \|pmid=6214413 \|doi= 10.1016/0014-2999(82)90342-9\|url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2849051">{{cite journal \|author=Manallack DT, Wong MG, Costa M, Andrews PR, Beart PM \|title=Receptor site topographies for phencyclidine-like and sigma drugs: predictions from quantitative conformational, electrostatic potential, and radioreceptor analyses \|journal=Molecular Pharmacology \|volume=34 \|issue=6 \|pages=863–79 \|year=1988 \|month=December \|pmid=2849051 \|doi= \|url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2544905">{{cite journal \|author=Chaudieu I, Vignon J, Chicheportiche M, Kamenka JM, Trouiller G, Chicheportiche R \|title=Role of the aromatic group in the inhibition of phencyclidine binding and dopamine uptake by PCP analogs \|journal=Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior \|volume=32 \|issue=3 \|pages=699–705 \|year=1989 \|month=March \|pmid=2544905 \|doi= 10.1016/0091-3057(89)90020-8\|url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8267664">{{cite journal \|author=Manallack DT, Davies JW, Beart PM, Saunders MR, Livingstone DJ \|title=Analysis of the biological and molecular properties of phencyclidine-like compounds by chemometrics \|journal=Arzneimittel-Forschung \|volume=43 \|issue=10 \|pages=1029–32 \|year=1993 \|month=October \|pmid=8267664 \|doi= \|url=}}</ref>

			4-MeO-PCP hydrochloride is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 181-182 °C<ref name="PMID23554350">{{cite journal \| vauthors = Wallach J, De Paoli G, Adejare A, Brandt SD \| title = Preparation and analytical characterization of 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine (PCP) and 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)pyrrolidine (PCPy) analogues \| journal = Drug Testing and Analysis \| volume = 6 \| issue = 7–8 \| pages = 633–650 \| date = 2013 \| pmid = 23554350 \| doi = 10.1002/dta.1468 }}</ref>
	The positional isomer ] is also known. Being around 10 times more potent by weight than the 4-methoxy isomer it has around the same potency as ]. 4-Meo-PCP was reportedly first sold within the UK from 2008 as a ] and ] by a company trading under the name CBAY.<ref></ref>

	==~~See~~ ~~also~~==		==Side effects==

			4-MeO-PCP has caused a fatality in combination with ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite journal \| vauthors = McIntyre IM, Trochta A, Gary RD, Storey A, Corneal J, Schaber B \| title = A Fatality Related to Two Novel Hallucinogenic Compounds: 4-Methoxyphencyclidine and 4-Hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine \| journal = Journal of Analytical Toxicology \| volume = 39 \| issue = 9 \| pages = 751–755 \| date = August 2015 \| pmid = 26265285 \| doi = 10.1093/jat/bkv089 \| doi-access = free }}</ref>

			==Legality==

			On October 18, 2012, the ] in the ] released a about ], saying that the "harms of methoxetamine are commensurate with ] of the ]", despite the fact that the act does not classify drugs based on harm. The report went on to suggest that all analogues of MXE should also become class B drugs and suggested a catch-all clause covering both existing and unresearched arylcyclohexamines, including 4-MeO-PCP.<ref name='ACMD MXE report'>{{ cite web \| url = http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/agencies-public-bodies/acmd1/methoxetamine2012 \| title = Methoxetamine Report (2012) \| access-date = 2012-10-22 \| date = 2012-10-18 \| format = PDF \| pages = 14 \| work = Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) \| publisher = UK Home Office}}</ref>

			Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 4-MeO-PCP as hazardous substance on November 10, 2014.<ref>{{cite web \| url=http://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/nyhetsarkiv/2014/november/cannabinoider-foreslas-bli-klassade-som-halsofarlig-vara/ \| title=Cannabinoider föreslås bli klassade som hälsofarlig vara \| trans-title = Cannabinoids are proposed to be classified as a health hazard \| work = Folkhälsomyndigheten \| trans-work = The Public Health Authority \| language = Swedish \| access-date=29 June 2015}}</ref>

			As per Chile's ], aka Ley 20000,<ref>{{cite web \| url=https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=235507 \| title=Sustituye La Ley Nº 19.366, Que Sanciona el Trafico Ilicito de Estupefacientes y Sustancias Sicotropicas \| trans-title = Substitutes Law No. 19,366, which Sanctions Illicit Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances \| work = Bibloteca Del Congreso Nacional \| trans-work = National Library of Congress \| date=22 October 2015 \| language=es \| access-date=6 February 2018}}</ref> all esters and ethers of PCP are illegal. As 4-MeO-PCP is an ] of PCP, it is thus illegal.

			== See also ==
	* ]		* ]
			* ]
			* ]
			* ]
	* ]		* ]
			* ]
			* ]
			* ]

	==References==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	{{Depressants}}
	{{Hallucinogens}}		{{Hallucinogens}}
			{{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}}
	{{Glutamatergics}}
			{{Sigma receptor modulators}}

			]
	]		]
	]		]
	]		]
			]

			]

	{{hallucinogen-stub}}

Latest revision as of 16:39, 23 September 2024

Chemical compound Pharmaceutical compound

4-MeO-PCP
Clinical data

ATC code	none
Legal status
Legal status	CA: Schedule I DE: NpSG (Industrial and scientific use only) UK: Class B
Identifiers
IUPAC name 1--piperidine
CAS Number	2201-35-6 91164-58-8 (hydrochloride)
PubChem CID	15100753
ChemSpider	10526416
UNII	OZM0C31BLL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40176450
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₈H₂₇NO
Molar mass	273.420 g·mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES COc1ccc(cc1)C2(CCCCC2)N3CCCCC3
InChI InChI=1S/C18H27NO/c1-20-17-10-8-16(9-11-17)18(12-4-2-5-13-18)19-14-6-3-7-15-19/h8-11H,2-7,12-15H2,1H3 Key:MUZGGFNYVLGUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
(what is this?) (verify)

4-Methoxyphencyclidine (methoxydine, 4-MeO-PCP) is a dissociative anesthetic drug that has been sold online as a research chemical. The synthesis of 4-MeO-PCP was first reported in 1965 by the Parke-Davis medicinal chemist Victor Maddox. A 1999 review published by a chemist using the pseudonym John Q. Beagle suggested the potency of 4-MeO-PCP in man was reduced relative to PCP, two years later Beagle published a detailed description of the synthesis and qualitative effects of 4-MeO-PCP, which he said possessed 70% the potency of PCP. 4-MeO-PCP was the first arylcyclohexylamine research chemical to be sold online, it was introduced in late 2008 by a company trading under the name CBAY and was followed by several related compounds such as 3-MeO-PCP and methoxetamine. 4-MeO-PCP has lower affinity for the NMDA receptor than PCP, but higher affinity than ketamine, it is orally active in a dosage range similar to ketamine, with some users requiring doses in excess of 100 mg for desired effects. Users have reported substantial differences in active dose, these discrepancies can be partially explained by the presence of unreacted PCC and other impurities in samples sold on the grey market. 4-MeO-PCP has K_i values of 404 nM for the NMDA receptor, 713 nM for the norepinephrine transporter, 844 nM for the serotonin transporter, 296 nM for the σ₁ receptor and 143 nM for the σ₂ receptor.

4-MeO-PCP hydrochloride is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 181-182 °C

Side effects

4-MeO-PCP has caused a fatality in combination with 4-HO-MET, venlafaxine, olanzapine, lorazepam and hydroxyzine.

Legality

On October 18, 2012, the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs in the United Kingdom released a report about methoxetamine, saying that the "harms of methoxetamine are commensurate with Class B of the Misuse of Drugs Act (1971)", despite the fact that the act does not classify drugs based on harm. The report went on to suggest that all analogues of MXE should also become class B drugs and suggested a catch-all clause covering both existing and unresearched arylcyclohexamines, including 4-MeO-PCP.

Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 4-MeO-PCP as hazardous substance on November 10, 2014.

As per Chile's Ley de drogas, aka Ley 20000, all esters and ethers of PCP are illegal. As 4-MeO-PCP is an ether of PCP, it is thus illegal.

References

^ Morris H, Wallach J (2014). "From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–632. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061.
King LA (6–8 May 2009). New drugs coming our way - what are they and how do we detect them?. EMCDDA Conference. Lisbon.
^ Roth BL, Gibbons S, Arunotayanun W, Huang XP, Setola V, Treble R, Iversen L (2013). "The ketamine analogue methoxetamine and 3- and 4-methoxy analogues of phencyclidine are high affinity and selective ligands for the glutamate NMDA receptor". PLOS ONE. 8 (3): e59334. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...859334R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059334. PMC 3602154. PMID 23527166.
Wallach J, De Paoli G, Adejare A, Brandt SD (2013). "Preparation and analytical characterization of 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine (PCP) and 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)pyrrolidine (PCPy) analogues". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 633–650. doi:10.1002/dta.1468. PMID 23554350.
McIntyre IM, Trochta A, Gary RD, Storey A, Corneal J, Schaber B (August 2015). "A Fatality Related to Two Novel Hallucinogenic Compounds: 4-Methoxyphencyclidine and 4-Hydroxy-N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine". Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 39 (9): 751–755. doi:10.1093/jat/bkv089. PMID 26265285.
"Methoxetamine Report (2012)" (PDF). Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD). UK Home Office. 2012-10-18. p. 14. Retrieved 2012-10-22.
"Cannabinoider föreslås bli klassade som hälsofarlig vara" [Cannabinoids are proposed to be classified as a health hazard]. Folkhälsomyndigheten [The Public Health Authority] (in Swedish). Retrieved 29 June 2015.
"Sustituye La Ley Nº 19.366, Que Sanciona el Trafico Ilicito de Estupefacientes y Sustancias Sicotropicas" [Substitutes Law No. 19,366, which Sanctions Illicit Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances]. Bibloteca Del Congreso Nacional [National Library of Congress] (in Spanish). 22 October 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2018.

Hallucinogens

Psychedelics
(5-HT_2A
agonists)

25x-NB	25B-NB 25C-NB
25x-NB3OMe	25B-NB3OMe 25C-NB3OMe 25D-NB3OMe 25E-NB3OMe 25H-NB3OMe 25I-NB3OMe 25N-NB3OMe 25P-NB3OMe 25T2-NB3OMe 25T4-NB3OMe 25T7-NB3OMe 25TFM-NB3OMe
25x-NB4OMe	25B-NB4OMe 25C-NB4OMe 25D-NB4OMe 25E-NB4OMe 25H-NB4OMe 25I-NB4OMe 25N-NB4OMe 25P-NB4OMe 25T2-NB4OMe 25T4-NB4OMe 25T7-NB4OMe 25TFM-NB4OMe
25x-NBF	25B-NBF 25C-NBF 25D-NBF 25E-NBF 25H-NBF 25I-NBF 25P-NBF 25T2-NBF 25T7-NBF 25TFM-NBF
25x-NBMD	25B-NBMD 25C-NBMD 25D-NBMD 25E-NBMD 25F-NBMD 25H-NBMD 25I-NBMD 25P-NBMD 25T2-NBMD 25T7-NBMD 25TFM-NBMD
25x-NBOH	25B-NBOH 25C-NBOH 25CN-NBOH 25D-NBOH 25E-NBOH 25F-NBOH 25H-NBOH 25I-NBOH 25P-NBOH 25T2-NBOH 25T7-NBOH 25TFM-NBOH
25x-NBOMe	25B-NBOMe 25C-NBOMe 25CN-NBOMe 25D-NBOMe 25E-NBOMe 25F-NBOMe 25G-NBOMe 25H-NBOMe 25I-NBOMe 25iP-NBOMe 25N-NBOMe 25P-NBOMe 25T-NBOMe 25T2-NBOMe 25T4-NBOMe 25T7-NBOMe 25TFM-NBOMe
Atypical structures	25B-N1POMe 25B-NAcPip 25B-NB23DM 25B-NB25DM 25C-NBCl 25C-NBOEt 25C-NBOiPr 25I-N2Nap1OH 25I-N3MT2M 25I-N4MT3M 25I-NB34MD 25I-NBAm 25I-NBBr 25I-NBMeOH 25I-NBTFM 2CBCB-NBOMe 2CBFly-NBOMe 4-EA-NBOMe 5-APB-NBOMe 5MT-NBOMe C30-NBOMe DOB-NBOMe DOI-NBOMe FECIMBI-36 MDPEA-NBOMe N-Ethyl-2C-B NBOMe-escaline NBOMe-mescaline ZDCM-04

25x-NMx

N-(2C)-fentanyl

3C-x

4C-x

DOx

HOT-x

MDxx

Mescaline (subst.)

TMAs

TMA
TMA-2
TMA-3
TMA-4
TMA-5
TMA-6

Others

Piperazines

Tryptamines

alpha-alkyltryptamines	4,5-DHP-α-MT 5-MeO-α-ET 5-MeO-α-MT α-ET α-MT
x-DALT	(Daltocin) 4-HO-DALT (Daltacetin) 4-AcO-DALT 5-MeO-DALT DALT
x-DET	(Ethacetin) 4-AcO-DET (Ethocin) 4-HO-DET 5-MeO-DET (T-9) DET (Ethocybin) 4-PO-DET
x-DiPT	(Ipracetin) 4-AcO-DiPT (Iprocin) 4-HO-DiPT 5-MeO-DiPT DiPT
x-DMT	4,5-DHP-DMT 2,N,N-TMT 4-AcO-DMT 4-HO-5-MeO-DMT 4,N,N-TMT 4-Propionyloxy-DMT 5,6-diBr-DMT 5-AcO-DMT 5-Bromo-DMT 5-MeO-2,N,N-TMT 5-MeO-4,N,N-TMT 5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT 5-MeO-DMT 5-N,N-TMT 7,N,N-TMT α,N,N-TMT (Bufotenin) 5-HO-DMT DMT Norbaeocystin (Psilocin) 4-HO-DMT (Psilocybin) 4-PO-DMT
x-DPT	(Depracetin) 4-AcO-DPT (Deprocin) 4-HO-DPT 5-MeO-DPT (The Light) DPT
Ibogaine-related	18-MAC 18-MC Coronaridine Ibogaine Ibogamine ME-18-MC Noribogaine Tabernanthine Voacangine
x-MET	(Metocin) 4-HO-MET (Metocetin) 4-AcO-MET 5-MeO-MET MET
x-MiPT	(Mipracetin) 4-AcO-MiPT (Miprocin) 4-HO-MiPT 5-Me-MiPT (Moxy) 5-MeO-MiPT MiPT
Others	4-HO-DBT 4-HO-EPT 4-HO-McPT (Lucigenol) 4-HO-MPMI (Meprocin) 4-HO-MPT 5-MeO-EiPT 5-MeO-MALT 5-MeO-MPMI Aeruginascin Baeocystin DBT DCPT EiPT EPT MPT PiPT

Others

AL-38022A
ALPHA
Dimemebfe
Efavirenz
Glaucine
Lorcaserin
M-ALPHA
RH-34
Also empathogens in general (e. g.: 5-APB, 5-MAPB, 6-APB and other substituted benzofurans).

Dissociatives
(NMDAR
antagonists)

Arylcyclo‐
hexylamines

Ketamine-related	2-Fluorodeschloroketamine Arketamine ((R)-ketamine) Deschloroketamine Ethketamine (N-Ethylnorketamine) Esketamine ((S)-ketamine) Ketamine Methoxetamine Methoxmetamine Methoxyketamine MXiPr Norketamine Tiletamine
PCP-related	2'-Oxo-PCE 3-HO-PCE 3-HO-PCP 3-MeO-PCE 3-MeO-PCMo 3-MeO-PCP 3-MeO-PCPr 3-MeO-PCPy 4-MeO-PCP BDPC Dieticyclidine (PCDE) Eticyclidine (PCE) PCPr Phencyclidine (PCP) Rolicyclidine (PCPy) Tenocyclidine (TCP)
Others	BTCP Gacyclidine PRE-084

Adamantanes

Diarylethylamines

Morphinans

Others

Deliriants
(mAChR
antagonists)

Others

Cannabinoids
(CB₁ agonists)

Natural

Synthetic

AM-x	AM-087 AM-251 AM-279 AM-281 AM-356 AM-374 AM-381 AM-404 AM-411 AM-630 AM-661 AM-678 AM-679 AM-694 AM-735 AM-855 AM-881 AM-883 AM-905 AM-906 AM-919 AM-926 AM-938 AM-1116 AM-1172 AM-1220 AM-1221 AM-1235 AM-1241 AM-1248 AM-1710 AM-1714 AM-1902 AM-2201 AM-2212 AM-2213 AM-2232 AM-2233 AM-2389 AM-3102 AM-4030 AM-4054 AM-4056 AM-4113 AM-6545
CP x	CP 47,497 CP 55,244 CP 55,940 (±)-CP 55,940 (+)-CP 55,940 (-)-CP 55,940
HU-x	HU-210 HU-211 HU-239 HU-243 HU-308 HU-320 HU-331 HU-336 HU-345
JWH-x	JWH-007 JWH-015 JWH-018 JWH-019 JWH-030 JWH-047 JWH-048 JWH-051 JWH-057 JWH-073 JWH-081 JWH-098 JWH-116 JWH-120 JWH-122 JWH-133 JWH-139 JWH-147 JWH-148 JWH-149 JWH-149 JWH-161 JWH-164 JWH-166 JWH-167 JWH-171 JWH-175 JWH-176 JWH-181 JWH-182 JWH-184 JWH-185 JWH-192 JWH-193 JWH-194 JWH-195 JWH-196 JWH-197 JWH-198 JWH-199 JWH-200 JWH-203 JWH-205 JWH-210 JWH-210 JWH-213 JWH-220 JWH-229 JWH-234 JWH-249 JWH-250 JWH-251 JWH-253 JWH-258 JWH-300 JWH-302 JWH-307 JWH-336 JWH-350 JWH-359 JWH-387 JWH-398 JWH-424
Misc. designer cannabinoids	4-HTMPIPO 5F-AB-FUPPYCA 5F-AB-PINACA 5F-ADB 5F-ADB-PINACA 5F-ADBICA 5F-AMB 5F-APINACA 5F-CUMYL-PINACA 5F-NNE1 5F-PB-22 5F-SDB-006 A-796,260 A-836,339 AB-001 AB-005 AB-CHFUPYCA AB-CHMINACA AB-FUBINACA AB-PINACA ADAMANTYL-THPINACA ADB-CHMINACA ADB-FUBINACA ADB-PINACA ADBICA ADSB-FUB-187 AMB-FUBINACA APICA APINACA APP-FUBINACA CB-13 CUMYL-PICA CUMYL-PINACA CUMYL-THPINACA DMHP EAM-2201 FAB-144 FDU-PB-22 FUB-144 FUB-APINACA FUB-JWH-018 FUB-PB-22 FUBIMINA JTE 7-31 JTE-907 Levonantradol MDMB-CHMICA MDMB-CHMINACA MDMB-FUBINACA MEPIRAPIM MAM-2201 MDA-19 MN-18 MN-25 NESS-0327 NESS-040C5 Nabilone Nabitan NM-2201 NNE1 Org 28611 Parahexyl PTI-1 PTI-2 PX-1 PX-2 PX-3 QUCHIC QUPIC RCS-4 RCS-8 SDB-005 SDB-006 STS-135 THC-O-acetate THC-O-phosphate THJ-018 THJ-2201 UR-144 WIN 55,212-2 XLR-11

D₂ agonists

Apomorphine
Aporphine
Bromocriptine
Cabergoline
Lisuride
LSD
Memantine
Nuciferine
Pergolide
Phenethylamine
Piribedil
Pramipexole
Ropinirole
Rotigotine
Salvinorin A
Also indirect D₂ agonists, such as dopamine reuptake inhibitors (cocaine, methylphenidate), releasing agents (amphetamine, methamphetamine), and precursors (levodopa).

GABA_A
enhancers

Inhalants
(Mixed MOA)

κOR agonists

Oneirogens

Others

v t e Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators
AMPARTooltip α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor	Agonists: Main site agonists: 5-Fluorowillardiine Acromelic acid (acromelate) AMPA BOAA Domoic acid Glutamate Ibotenic acid Proline Quisqualic acid Willardiine; Positive allosteric modulators: Aniracetam Cyclothiazide CX-516 CX-546 CX-614 Farampator (CX-691, ORG-24448) CX-717 CX-1739 CX-1942 Diazoxide Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) IDRA-21 LY-392098 LY-395153 LY-404187 LY-451646 LY-503430 Mibampator (LY-451395) Nooglutyl ORG-26576 Oxiracetam PEPA Pesampator (BIIB-104, PF-04958242) Piracetam Pramiracetam S-18986 Tulrampator (S-47445, CX-1632) Antagonists: ACEA-1011 ATPO Becampanel Caroverine CNQX Dasolampanel DNQX Fanapanel (MPQX) GAMS Kaitocephalin Kynurenic acid Kynurenine Licostinel (ACEA-1021) NBQX PNQX Selurampanel Tezampanel Theanine Topiramate YM90K Zonampanel; Negative allosteric modulators: Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital, sodium thiopental) Cyclopropane Enflurane Ethanol (alcohol) Evans blue GYKI-52466 GYKI-53655 Halothane Irampanel Isoflurane Perampanel Pregnenolone sulfate Sevoflurane Talampanel; Unknown/unsorted antagonists: Minocycline
KARTooltip Kainate receptor	Agonists: Main site agonists: 5-Bromowillardiine 5-Iodowillardiine Acromelic acid (acromelate) AMPA ATPA Domoic acid Glutamate Ibotenic acid Kainic acid LY-339434 Proline Quisqualic acid SYM-2081; Positive allosteric modulators: Cyclothiazide Diazoxide Enflurane Halothane Isoflurane Antagonists: ACEA-1011 CNQX Dasolampanel DNQX GAMS Kaitocephalin Kynurenic acid Licostinel (ACEA-1021) LY-382884 NBQX NS102 Selurampanel Tezampanel Theanine Topiramate UBP-302; Negative allosteric modulators: Barbiturates (e.g., pentobarbital, sodium thiopental) Enflurane Ethanol (alcohol) Evans blue NS-3763 Pregnenolone sulfate
NMDARTooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor	Agonists: Main site agonists: AMAA Aspartate Glutamate Homocysteic acid (L-HCA) Homoquinolinic acid Ibotenic acid NMDA Proline Quinolinic acid Tetrazolylglycine Theanine; Glycine site agonists: β-Fluoro-D-alanine ACBD ACC (ACPC) ACPD AK-51 Apimostinel (NRX-1074) B6B21 CCG D-Alanine D-Cycloserine D-Serine DHPG Dimethylglycine Glycine HA-966 L-687,414 L-Alanine L-Serine Milacemide Neboglamine (nebostinel) Rapastinel (GLYX-13) Sarcosine; Polyamine site agonists: Neomycin Spermidine Spermine; Other positive allosteric modulators: 24S-Hydroxycholesterol DHEATooltip Dehydroepiandrosterone (prasterone) DHEA sulfate (prasterone sulfate) Epipregnanolone sulfate Plazinemdor Pregnenolone sulfate SAGE-201 SAGE-301 SAGE-718 Antagonists: Competitive antagonists: AP5 (APV) AP7 CGP-37849 CGP-39551 CGP-39653 CGP-40116 CGS-19755 CPP Kaitocephalin LY-233053 LY-235959 LY-274614 MDL-100453 Midafotel (d-CPPene) NPC-12626 NPC-17742 PBPD PEAQX Perzinfotel PPDA SDZ-220581 Selfotel; Glycine site antagonists: 4-Cl-KYN (AV-101) 5,7-DCKA 7-CKA ACC ACEA-1011 ACEA-1328 Apimostinel (NRX-1074) AV-101 Carisoprodol CGP-39653 CNQX D-Cycloserine DNQX Felbamate Gavestinel GV-196771 Harkoseride Kynurenic acid Kynurenine L-689560 L-701324 Licostinel (ACEA-1021) LU-73068 MDL-105519 Meprobamate MRZ 2/576 PNQX Rapastinel (GLYX-13) ZD-9379; Polyamine site antagonists: Arcaine Co 101676 Diaminopropane Diethylenetriamine Huperzine A Putrescine; Uncompetitive pore blockers (mostly dizocilpine site): 2-MDP 3-HO-PCP 3-MeO-PCE 3-MeO-PCMo 3-MeO-PCP 4-MeO-PCP 8A-PDHQ 18-MC α-Endopsychosin Alaproclate Alazocine (SKF-10047) Amantadine Aptiganel Argiotoxin-636 Arketamine ARL-12495 ARL-15896-AR ARL-16247 Budipine Coronaridine Delucemine (NPS-1506) Dexoxadrol Dextrallorphan Dextromethadone Dextromethorphan Dextrorphan Dieticyclidine Diphenidine Dizocilpine Ephenidine Esketamine Etoxadrol Eticyclidine Fluorolintane Gacyclidine Ibogaine Ibogamine Indantadol Ketamine Ketobemidone Lanicemine Levomethadone Levomethorphan Levomilnacipran Levorphanol Loperamide Memantine Methadone Methorphan Methoxetamine Methoxphenidine Milnacipran Morphanol NEFA Neramexane Nitromemantine Noribogaine Norketamine Orphenadrine PCPr PD-137889 Pethidine (meperidine) Phencyclamine Phencyclidine Propoxyphene Remacemide Rhynchophylline Rimantadine Rolicyclidine Sabeluzole Tabernanthine Tenocyclidine Tiletamine Tramadol; Ifenprodil (NR2B) site antagonists: Besonprodil Buphenine (nylidrin) CO-101244 (PD-174494) Eliprodil Haloperidol Isoxsuprine Radiprodil (RGH-896) Rislenemdaz (CERC-301, MK-0657) Ro 8-4304 Ro 25-6981 Safaprodil Traxoprodil (CP-101606); NR2A-selective antagonists: MPX-004 MPX-007 TCN-201 TCN-213; Cations: Hydrogen Magnesium Zinc; Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related: Benzene Butane Chloroform Cyclopropane Desflurane Diethyl ether Enflurane Ethanol (alcohol) Halothane Hexanol Isoflurane Methoxyflurane Nitrous oxide Octanol Sevoflurane Toluene Trichloroethane Trichloroethanol Trichloroethylene Urethane Xenon Xylene; Unknown/unsorted antagonists: ARR-15896 Bumetanide Caroverine Conantokin D-αAA Dexanabinol Flufenamic acid Flupirtine FPL-12495 FR-115427 Furosemide Hodgkinsine Ipenoxazone (MLV-6976) MDL-27266 Metaphit Minocycline MPEP Niflumic acid Pentamidine Pentamidine isethionate Piretanide Psychotridine Transcrocetin (saffron) Unsorted: Allosteric modulators: AGN-241751
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators

v t e Sigma receptor modulators
σ₁	Agonists: 3-PPP 4-PPBP 5-MeO-DMT Alazocine (SKF-10047) Amantadine Arketamine BD-737 BD-1052 Blarcamesine Captodiame Citalopram CGRPTooltip Calcitonin gene-related peptide Cloperastine Cocaine Cutamesine (SA-4503) Cyclazocine Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (prasterone) Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (prasterone sulfate) Dextrallorphan Dextromethorphan (DXM) Dextrorphan (DXO) Dimemorfan Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Ditolylguanidine (DTG) Donepezil Eliprodil Escitalopram Fabomotizole (afobazole) Fluoxetine Fluvoxamine Ifenprodil Igmesine (JO-1784) IPAB Ketamine L-687384 MDMA (midomafetamine) Memantine Methamphetamine Methoxetamine Methylphenidate Nepinalone Neuropeptide Y Noscapine OPC-14523 Opipramol Pentazocine Pentoxyverine (carbetapentane) PRE-084 Pregnenolone Pregnenolone sulfate Pridopidine Racemethorphan (methorphan) Racemorphan (morphanol) UMB-23 UMB-82 Antagonists: 3-PPP AC-927 BD-1008 BD-1031 BD-1047 BD-1060 BD-1063 BD-1067 BMY-14802 (BMS-181100) CM-156 Dup-734 E-5842 E-52862 (S1RA) Haloperidol LR-132 LR-172 MS-377 NE-100 NPC-16377 Panamesine (EMD-57455) PD-144418 Pentazocine Progesterone Rimcazole (BW-234U) Sertraline SR-31742A Allosteric modulators: Phenytoin; Positive: Methylphenylpiracetam SOMCL-668 Unknown/unsorted: 3-Methoxydextrallorphan 3-MeO-PCP 4C-T-2 4-IBP 4-IPBS 4-MeO-PCP 5-MeO-DALT 5-MeO-DiPT Amitriptyline Azidopamil Chlorpromazine Clemastine Clomipramine Clorgiline D-Deprenyl DiPTTooltip N,N-Diisopropyltryptamine DPTTooltip N,N-Dipropyltryptamine Ibogaine Imipramine KCR-12-83.1 Nemonapride Noribogaine RHL-033 RS-67,333 RTI-55 Saffron Safinamide Selegiline Spipethiane Trifluoperazine W-18 YKP10A
σ₂	Agonists: 3-PPP Arketamine BD-1047 BD1063 Ditolylguanidine (DTG) DKR-1005 DKR-1051 Haloperidol Ifenprodil Ketamine MDMA (midomafetamine) Methamphetamine OPC-14523 Opipramol PB-28 Phencyclidine Siramesine (Lu 28-179) UKH-1114 Antagonists: AC-927 BD-1008 BD-1067 CM-156 CT-1812 LR-172 MIN-101 Panamesine (EMD-57455) SAS-0132 Unknown/unsorted: 3-Methoxydextrallorphan 3-MeO-PCE 4-MeO-PCP 5-MeO-DALT 5-MeO-DiPT Clemastine DiPTTooltip N,N-Diisopropyltryptamine DPTTooltip N,N-Dipropyltryptamine Ibogaine Lu 29-252 Nemonapride Nepinalone Noribogaine Pentazocine RS-67,333 Safinamide TMATooltip 3,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine UMB-23 UMB-82 W-18
Unsorted	Agonists: Berberine Ethylketazocine Fourphit Metaphit Naluzotan Tapentadol Tenocyclidine Antagonists: AHD1 AZ66 Lamotrigine Naloxone SM-21 UMB-100 UMB-101 UMB-103 UMB-116 YZ-011 YZ-069 YZ-185 Allosteric modulators: SKF-83959 Unknown/unsorted: 18-Methoxycoronaridine BMY-13980 Butaclamol Caramiphen Carvotroline Chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine) Chlorpromazine Cinnarizine Cinuperone Clocapramine Dezocine EMD-59983 Hypericin (St. John's wort) Fluphenazine Gevotroline (WY-47384) Mepyramine (pyrilamine) Molindone Perphenazine Pimozide Proadifen Promethazine Propranolol Quinidine Remoxipride SL 82.0715 SR-31747A Tiospirone (BMY-13859) Venlafaxine
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators

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Latest revision as of 16:39, 23 September 2024

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