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| ⚫ | | Name = Holmium(III) chloride | ||
| ⚫ | | OtherNames = Holmium trichloride<br/>Holmiumchlorid | ||
| | ImageFile = Aluminium-trichloride-crystal-3D-balls.png | | ImageFile = Aluminium-trichloride-crystal-3D-balls.png | ||
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | |||
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| CASNo = 10138-62-2 | ||
| | CASOther = <br> 14914-84-2 (hexahydrate) | |||
| | CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | |||
| | CASNo2 = 14914-84-2 | |||
| | CASNo2_Comment = (hexahydrate) | |||
| | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | |||
| | UNII = CAR334HOLD | |||
| | PubChem = 24992 | |||
| }} | }} | ||
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties | ||
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| Formula = HoCl<sub>3</sub> | ||
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| Appearance = yellow crystals <br> ] | ||
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| Density = 3.7 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | ||
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| MolarMass = 271.289 g/mol | ||
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| Solubility = dissolves | ||
| | MeltingPtC = 720 | |||
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| MeltingPt_ref = <ref>{{RubberBible87th}}</ref> | ||
| | BoilingPt = 1500 °C (decomp) | |||
| | BoilingPtC = 1500 | |||
| | BoilingPt_notes = (decomposes) | |||
| }} | }} | ||
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure | ||
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| CrystalStruct = ], ] | ||
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| SpaceGroup = C12/m1, No. 12 | ||
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards | ||
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| |Section8={{Chembox Related | |||
| | OtherAnions = ] | |||
| | OtherCations = ], ] | |||
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| '''Holmium(III) chloride''' is the ] with the ] ]]. It is a common salt but is mainly used in research. It exhibits the same color-changing behavior seen in ], being a yellow in natural lighting and a bright pink color in fluorescent lighting. | '''Holmium(III) chloride''' is the ] with the ] ]]. It is a common salt but is mainly used in research. It can be used to produce pure holmium.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Emsley |first=John |title=Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements |date=2003 |publisher=Oxford Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-19-850340-8 |edition=Reprinted with corrections |location=Oxford}}</ref> It exhibits the same color-changing behavior seen in ], being a yellow in natural lighting and a bright pink color in fluorescent lighting. | ||
| ==Preparation== | ==Preparation== | ||
| The most commonly used method to obtain holmium(III) chloride involves heating a mixture of ] and ] at 200-250 °C:<ref name=Brauer>Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY.</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | :Ho<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 6 NH<sub>4</sub>Cl → 2 HoCl<sub>3</sub> + 6 NH<sub>3</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
| ⚫ | : Ho<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 6 NH<sub>4</sub>Cl → 2 HoCl<sub>3</sub> + 6 NH<sub>3</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O | ||
| ==Structure== | |||
| In the solid state it has the ] layer structure. <ref> Wells A.F. (1984) ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'' 5th edition Oxford. ISBN 0-19-855370-6 </ref> | |||
| The hexahydrate of holmium(III) chloride can be obtained by reaction between holmium and ]:<ref name=Brauer /> | |||
| : 2 Ho + 6 HCl → 2 HoCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub> | |||
| It can also be prepared by the direct reaction between holmium and ]:<ref>Webelements: </ref> | |||
| : 2 Ho + 3 Cl<sub>2</sub> → 2 HoCl<sub>3</sub> | |||
| ==Properties== | |||
| Holmium(III) chloride and its hexahydrate are light yellow solids in daylight that are soluble in water. The hexahydrate starts to release water of crystallization at 64 °C.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ans |first=Jan d' |title=Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien |last2=Ans |first2=Jan d' |date=1998 |publisher=Verlag nicht ermittelbar |isbn=978-3-540-60035-0 |edition=4., neubearb. u. rev. Aufl |series=Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker / D'Ans |location=Ort nicht ermittelbar}}</ref> Holmium(III) chloride has a monoclinic crystal structure analogous to that of aluminum(III) chloride.<ref name=Brauer /> In the solid state it has the ] layer structure.<ref>Wells A.F. (1984) ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'' 5th edition Oxford. {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}</ref> | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| {{inorganic-compound-stub}} | |||
| {{Holmium compounds}} | {{Holmium compounds}} | ||
| {{Chlorides}} | |||
| {{Lanthanide halides}} | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 11:23, 8 July 2023
| |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Holmium trichloride Holmiumchlorid | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.339 
|
| PubChem CID | |
| UNII | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | HoCl3 |
| Molar mass | 271.289 g/mol |
| Appearance | yellow crystals hygroscopic |
| Density | 3.7 g/cm |
| Melting point | 720 °C (1,328 °F; 993 K) |
| Boiling point | 1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K) (decomposes) |
| Solubility in water | dissolves |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | Monoclinic, mS16 |
| Space group | C12/m1, No. 12 |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Holmium(III) oxide |
| Other cations | Dysprosium(III) chloride, Erbium(III) chloride |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
 N verify (what is ?)
Infobox references
| |
Holmium(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula HoCl3. It is a common salt but is mainly used in research. It can be used to produce pure holmium. It exhibits the same color-changing behavior seen in holmium oxide, being a yellow in natural lighting and a bright pink color in fluorescent lighting.
Preparation
The most commonly used method to obtain holmium(III) chloride involves heating a mixture of holmium(III) oxide and ammonium chloride at 200-250 °C:
- Ho2O3 + 6 NH4Cl → 2 HoCl3 + 6 NH3 + 2 H2O
The hexahydrate of holmium(III) chloride can be obtained by reaction between holmium and hydrochloric acid:
- 2 Ho + 6 HCl → 2 HoCl3 + 3 H2
It can also be prepared by the direct reaction between holmium and chlorine:
- 2 Ho + 3 Cl2 → 2 HoCl3
Properties
Holmium(III) chloride and its hexahydrate are light yellow solids in daylight that are soluble in water. The hexahydrate starts to release water of crystallization at 64 °C. Holmium(III) chloride has a monoclinic crystal structure analogous to that of aluminum(III) chloride. In the solid state it has the YCl3 layer structure.
References
- Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- Emsley, John (2003). Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements (Reprinted with corrections ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
- ^ Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY.
- Webelements: Holmium
- Ans, Jan d'; Ans, Jan d' (1998). Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien. Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker / D'Ans (4., neubearb. u. rev. Aufl ed.). Ort nicht ermittelbar: Verlag nicht ermittelbar. ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0.
- Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford. ISBN 0-19-855370-6
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