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Fluoromethane

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Fluoromethane
Stick model of fluoromethane
Stick model of fluoromethane
Spacefill model of fluoromethane
Spacefill model of fluoromethane
Names
IUPAC name Fluoromethane
Other names Freon 41

Methyl fluoride
Halocarbon 41

Monofluoromethane
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations R41
Beilstein Reference 1730725
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.907 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 209-796-6
Gmelin Reference 391
KEGG
MeSH Fluoromethane
PubChem CID
UNII
UN number UN 2454
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
InChI
  • InChI=1S/CH3F/c1-2/h1H3Key: NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/CH3F/c1-2/h1H3Key: NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYAF
SMILES
  • FC
Properties
Chemical formula CH3F
Molar mass 34.03 g/mol
Appearance Colourless gas
Odor pleasant, ether-like odour at high concentrations
Density 1.4397 g/L

0.557 g/cm (liquid) at saturation pressure at 25 °C

Melting point −137.8 °C (−216.0 °F; 135.3 K)
Boiling point −78.4 °C (−109.1 °F; 194.8 K)
Solubility in water 1.66 L/kg (2.295 g/L)
Vapor pressure 3.3 MPa
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms GHS02: Flammable
Signal word Danger
Hazard statements H220
Precautionary statements P210, P377, P381, P403, P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1 4 0
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). ☒verify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Fluoromethane, also known as methyl fluoride, Freon 41, Halocarbon-41 and HFC-41, is a non-toxic, liquefiable, and flammable gas at standard temperature and pressure. It is made of carbon, hydrogen, and fluorine. The name stems from the fact that it is methane (CH4) with a fluorine atom substituted for one of the hydrogen atoms. It is used in semiconductor manufacturing processes as an etching gas in plasma etch reactors.

Fluoromethane (originally called "fluorohydrate of methylene") became the first organofluorine compound to be discovered when it was synthesized by French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugène-Melchior Péligot in 1835 by distilling dimethyl sulfate with potassium fluoride.

Composition

The compound is the lowest mass member of the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) family, compounds which contain only hydrogen, fluorine, and carbon. These compounds are related to the chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), but since they do not contain chlorine, are not destructive to the ozone layer. Fluorocarbons are, however, potent greenhouse gasses, and the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is an attempt to phase them out due to their contribution to global warming.

The C−F bond energy is 552 kJ/mol and its length is 0.139 nm. Its molecular geometry is tetrahedral. Its Dipole Moment is 1.85 D.

Its specific heat capacity (Cp) is 38.171 J·mol·K at 25 °C. The critical point of fluoromethane is at 44.9 °C (318.1 K) and 6.280 MPa.

See also

References

  1. ^ Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. Siegemund, Günter; Schwertfeger, Werner; Feiring, Andrew; Smart, Bruce; Behr, Fred; Vogel, Herward; McKusick, Blaine (2002). "Fluorine Compounds, Organic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  3. Okazoe, Takashi (2009). "Overview on the history of organofluorine chemistry from the viewpoint of material industry". Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B. 85 (8): 276–289. Bibcode:2009PJAB...85..276O. doi:10.2183/pjab.85.276. PMC 3621566. PMID 19838009.
  4. Crochard (París); Arago, François; Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis (1835). Annales de chimie et de physique (in French). Chez Crochard. p. 36.
  5. Fluoromethane CH3F
  6. "Explainer: hydrofluorocarbons saved the ozone layer, so why are we banning them?". 2 November 2017.

External links

Halomethanes
Unsubstituted
Monosubstituted
Disubstituted
Trisubstituted
Tetrasubstituted
* Chiral compound.
Fluorine compounds
Salts and covalent derivatives of the fluoride ion
HF ?HeF2
LiF BeF2 BF
BF3
B2F4
+BO3
CF4
CxFy
+CO3
NF3
FN3
N2F2
NF
N2F4
NF2
?NF5
OF2
O2F2
OF
O3F2
O4F2
?OF4
F2 Ne
NaF MgF2 AlF
AlF3
SiF4 P2F4
PF3
PF5
S2F2
SF2
S2F4
SF3
SF4
S2F10
SF6
+SO4
ClF
ClF3
ClF5
?ArF2
?ArF4
KF CaF
CaF2
ScF3 TiF2
TiF3
TiF4
VF2
VF3
VF4
VF5
CrF2
CrF3
CrF4
CrF5
?CrF6
MnF2
MnF3
MnF4
?MnF5
FeF2
FeF3
FeF4
CoF2
CoF3
CoF4
NiF2
NiF3
NiF4
CuF
CuF2
?CuF3
ZnF2 GaF2
GaF3
GeF2
GeF4
AsF3
AsF5
Se2F2
SeF4
SeF6
+SeO3
BrF
BrF3
BrF5
KrF2
?KrF4
?KrF6
RbF SrF
SrF2
YF3 ZrF2
ZrF3
ZrF4
NbF4
NbF5
MoF4
MoF5
MoF6
TcF4
TcF
5

TcF6
RuF3
RuF
4

RuF5
RuF6
RhF3
RhF4
RhF5
RhF6
PdF2
Pd
PdF4
?PdF6
Ag2F
AgF
AgF2
AgF3
CdF2 InF
InF3
SnF2
SnF4
SbF3
SbF5
TeF4
?Te2F10
TeF6
+TeO3
IF
IF3
IF5
IF7
+IO3
XeF2
XeF4
XeF6
?XeF8
CsF BaF2   LuF3 HfF4 TaF5 WF4
WF5
WF6
ReF4
ReF5
ReF6
ReF7
OsF4
OsF5
OsF6
?OsF
7

?OsF
8
IrF2
IrF3
IrF4
IrF5
IrF6
PtF2
Pt
PtF4
PtF5
PtF6
AuF
AuF3
Au2F10
?AuF6
AuF5•F2
Hg2F2
HgF2
?HgF4
TlF
TlF3
PbF2
PbF4
BiF3
BiF5
?PoF2
PoF4
PoF6
AtF
?AtF3
?AtF5
RnF2
?RnF
4

?RnF
6
FrF RaF2   LrF3 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
LaF3 CeF3
CeF4
PrF3
PrF4
NdF2
NdF3
NdF4
PmF3 SmF
SmF2
SmF3
EuF2
EuF3
GdF3 TbF3
TbF4
DyF2
DyF3
DyF4
HoF3 ErF3 TmF2
TmF3
YbF2
YbF3
AcF3 ThF3
ThF4
PaF4
PaF5
UF3
UF4
UF5
UF6
NpF3
NpF4
NpF5
NpF6
PuF3
PuF4
PuF5
PuF6
AmF2
AmF3
AmF4
?AmF6
CmF3
CmF4
 ?CmF6
BkF3
BkF
4
CfF3
CfF4
EsF3
EsF4
?EsF6
Fm Md No
PF−6, AsF−6, SbF−6 compounds
AlF2−5, AlF3−6 compounds
chlorides, bromides, iodides
and pseudohalogenides
SiF2−6, GeF2−6 compounds
Oxyfluorides
Organofluorides
with transition metal,
lanthanide, actinide, ammonium
nitric acids
bifluorides
thionyl, phosphoryl,
and iodosyl
Chemical formulas
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